Combined coagulation and inflammation markers as predictors of venous thrombo-embolism and death in COVID-19

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic related to SARS-CoV-2 virus was responsible for global pandemic. The severe form of the disease was linked to excessive activation of immune pathways together with a systemic cytokine storm response and thrombotic venous or arterial complications. Factors predicting severe outcomes including venous and/or pulmonary thrombosis (VT) and death were identified, but the prognostic role of their combination was not addressed extensively.ObjectivesWe investigated the role of prognostic factors from the coagulation or inflammatory pathways to better understand the outcome of the disease.MethodsFor this, we prospectively studied 167 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients from admission in intensive care units (ICU) or emergency departments from four academic hospitals over a 14-month period. Besides standard biology, we assessed serum concentrations of inflammatory markers, coagulation factors and peripheral blood cells immunophenotyping.ResultsThirty-nine patients (23.3%) developed VT and 30 patients (18%) died. By univariate analysis, C-reactive protein (CRP) level > 150 mg/L, interleukin-6 (IL-6) ≥ 20 pg/mL, D-dimers > 1,500 μg/L, ADAMTS13 activity ≤ 50%, VonConclusionA combination of coagulation and inflammatory markers can refine the prognostication of severe outcome in COVID-19, and could be useful for the initial evaluation of other types of viral infection

N-glycan mediated shielding of ADAMTS13 prevents binding of pathogenic autoantibodies in immune-mediated TTP

Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the development of autoantibodies targeting different domains of ADAMTS13. Profiling studies have shown that residues R568, F592, R660, Y661, and Y665 within exosite-3 of the spacer domain provide an immunodominant region of ADAMTS13 for pathogenic autoantibodies that develop in patients with iTTP. Modification of these 5 core residues with the goal of reducing autoantibody binding revealed a significant tradeoff between autoantibody resistance and proteolytic activity. Here, we employed structural bioinformatics to identify a larger epitope landscape on the ADAMTS13 spacer domain. Models of spacer-antibody complexes predicted that residues R568, L591, F592, K608, M609, R636, L637, R639, R660, Y661, Y665, and L668 contribute to an expanded epitope within the spacer domain. Based on bioinformatics-guided predictions, we designed a panel of N-glycan insertions in this expanded epitope to reduce the binding of spacer domain autoantibodies. One N-glycan variant (NGLY3-ADAMTS13, containing a K608N substitution) showed strongly reduced reactivity with TTP patient sera (28%) as compared with WT-ADAMTS13 (100%). Insertion of an N-glycan at amino acid position 608 did not interfere with processing of von Willebrand factor, positioning the resulting NGLY3-ADAMTS13 variant as a potential novel therapeutic option for treatment of iTTP

Expert statement on the ICU management of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is fatal in 90% of patients if left untreated and must be diagnosed early to optimize patient outcomes. However, the very low incidence of TTP is an obstacle to the development of evidence-based clinical practice recommendations, and the very wide variability in survival rates across centers may be partly ascribable to differences in management strategies due to insufficient guidance. We therefore developed an expert statement to provide trustworthy guidance about the management of critically ill patients with TTP. As strong evidence was difficult to find in the literature, consensus building among experts could not be reported for most of the items. This expert statement is timely given the recent advances in the treatment of TTP, such as the use of rituximab and of the recently licensed drug caplacizumab, whose benefits will be maximized if the other components of the management strategy follow a standardized pattern. Finally, unanswered questions are identified as topics of future research on TTP

EXCES DE MULTIMERISATION DU FACTEUR WILLEBRAND DANS DEUX MODELES PATHOLOGIQUES (LE VARIANT VICENZA DE LA MALADIE DE WILLEBRAND ET LES MICROANGIOPATHIES THROMBOTIQUES (DES BIOL.MED.))

CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Etude du couple facteur Willebrand/Adamts 13 comme marqueur de dysfonction endothéliale dans l'hypertension artérielle pulmonaire

CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Purpura Thrombotique Thrombocytopénique acquis idiopathique de l'adulte associé à un déficit sévère en ADAMTS13 : Analyse d'une cohorte nationale de 180 patients (2011-2013) à la phase inaugurale et suivi

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocSudocFranceF

ADAMTS13, la protéase spécifique du clivage du facteur von Willebrand

ADAMTS13 (A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats) est la protéase spécifique du facteur von Willebrand (VWF). En cas de brèche vasculaire, le VWF permet, grâce à sa structure multimérique, l’adhésion des plaquettes au sous-endothélium et l’agrégation des plaquettes entre elles dans la microcirculation, où les forces de cisaillement sont élevées. ADAMTS13 régule l’activité du VWF en réduisant la taille de ses multimères. Un déficit fonctionnel sévère en ADAMTS13 est observé dans la majorité des cas de purpura thrombotique thrombocytopénique (PTT), une microangiopathie thrombotique définie par la formation spontanée, dans la microcirculation sanguine, de thrombus plaquettaires responsables d’une anémie hémolytique mécanique, d’une thrombopénie de consommation et de signes d’ischémie multiviscérale. Il s’agit d’une maladie rare (4 cas/106 habitants/an) mais gravissime en l’absence de traitement immédiat et spécifique (plasmathérapie). Dans 90 % des cas, le PTT est acquis et dû à la présence d’auto-anticorps anti-ADAMTS13. Dans les autres cas, il s’agit d’un déficit constitutionnel, de transmission autosomique récessive, appelé syndrome d’Upshaw-Schulman. Une meilleure caractérisation structurale et fonctionnelle d’ADAMTS13 combinée aux études cliniques menées chez les patients atteints de PTT est cruciale pour évaluer la pertinence d’une forme purifiée plasmatique ou recombinante à visée thérapeutique

Etude de l'intéraction du facteur Willebrand avec glycoprotéïne Ib plaquettaire (approches biochimique et moléculaire)

MONTPELLIER-BU Pharmacie (341722105) / SudocSudocFranceF