MOSQUITO NET WITH DINOTEFURAN AND PBO FOR KILLING MOSQUITOES, ESPECIALLY MOSQUITOES WITH PYRETHROID RESISTANCE

Dinotefuran and PBO is used for killing mosquitoes, as PBO increases the knockdown speed of Dinotefuran. The present invention relates to insecticidal mosquito nets containing PBO in combination with an insecticide. One of the methods to counteract malaria is the use of commercially available long lasting insecticidal mosquito nets for protecting humans from the bite of Anopheline mosquitoes that carry malaria. Whereas the typically applied pyrethroids have been used successfully as insecticides on such nets due to their rapid knockdown effect, there is currently a critical increased resistance to pyrethroids observed among those mosquitoes. One type of resistance is metabolic, which is counteracted by applying piperonyl butoxide (PBO) simultaneously with a pyrethroid to the mosquito when resting on the net. The PBO works as an inhibitor of the resistance associated metabolic enzymes and increases the mortality rate of the pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes. Another type of resistance is through a mutation at the target site of the pyrethroid, known as knockdown-resistance (kdr), which significantly slows the knockdown effect when the mosquito rests on the net and gives the mosquito the possibility to bite before paralysis (followed by death)

Cost of Community Integrated Prevention Campaign for Malaria, HIV, and Diarrhea in Rural Kenya

BACKGROUND: Delivery of community-based prevention services for HIV, malaria, and diarrhea is a major priority and challenge in rural Africa. Integrated delivery campaigns may offer a mechanism to achieve high coverage and efficiency. METHODS: We quantified the resources and costs to implement a large-scale integrated prevention campaign in Lurambi Division, Western Province, Kenya that reached 47,133 individuals (and 83% of eligible adults) in 7 days. The campaign provided HIV testing, condoms, and prevention education materials; a long-lasting insecticide-treated bed net; and a water filter. Data were obtained primarily from logistical and expenditure data maintained by implementing partners. We estimated the projected cost of a Scaled-Up Replication (SUR), assuming reliance on local managers, potential efficiencies of scale, and other adjustments. RESULTS: The cost per person served was $41.66 for the initial campaign and was projected at$31.98 for the SUR. The SUR cost included 67% for commodities (mainly water filters and bed nets) and 20% for personnel. The SUR projected unit cost per person served, by disease, was $6.27 for malaria (nets and training),$15.80 for diarrhea (filters and training), and $9.91 for HIV (test kits, counseling, condoms, and CD4 testing at each site). CONCLUSIONS: A large-scale, rapidly implemented, integrated health campaign provided services to 80% of a rural Kenyan population with relatively low cost. Scaling up this design may provide similar services to larger populations at lower cost per person

PermaNet 2.0 Long-Lasting Insecticidal Mosquito Net

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