Late Permian paleomagnetic results from the Lodève, Le Luc, and Bas-Argens Basins (southern France): Magnetostratigraphy and geomagnetic field morphology

© 2014 Elsevier B.V. Paleomagnetic results are presented from 271 stratigraphically-ordered horizons at four locations in southern France. Our focus is mainly on the Late Permian (258 horizons), but results from 13 horizons in the Triassic Buntsandstein are also reported. We argue that the Permian results extend magnetostratigraphic coverage up to the upper Capitanian Stage, some 6 million years after the end of the Permo-Carboniferous Reversed Superchron defined by the Illawarra Reversal in the Wordian Stage. When combined with published data, an overall mean paleopole at 49°N, 161°E (A95=4°, N=9) is obtained. This is virtually identical to the upper Permian pole obtained by Bazhenov and Shatsillo (2010) using the intersecting great-circle method. Agreement between the two procedures, which are based on entirely independent data, supports the geocentric axial dipole (GAD) model

Organization and management of clusters in Russia in the context of import substitution

The article covers the trends of the agribusiness development in Russia. It is shown that it is desirable to develop organizational-economic forms of entrepreneurship based on the cluster approach in the modern realities. The most famous agribusiness clusters in the world are explored. Regions of Russia that have achieved the most significant results in agribusiness clustering are mentioned. It is found that the establishment of agribusiness in Russia is defined by the political decision of regional authorities rather than based on research and development. An algorithm for establishing the agribusiness cluster is proposed, which includes four stages: methodological, analytical, organizational-economic and control. The key areas of state support for the development of agribusiness clusters in Russia are defined.peer-reviewe

Paleomagnetism of Mesoproterozoic margins of the Anabar Shield: A hypothesized billion-year partnership of Siberia and northern Laurentia

© 2016 Elsevier B.V.Siberia and Laurentia have been suggested as near neighbors in Proterozoic supercontinents Nuna and Rodinia, but paleomagnetic evidence has been sparse and ambiguous. Here we present four new paleomagnetic poles from undeformed Paleo-Mesoproterozoic (lower Riphean) sedimentary rocks and mafic intrusions of the northwestern Anabar uplift in northern Siberia. Combining these results with other Proterozoic data from Siberia and Laurentia, we propose a tight juxtaposition of those two blocks (Euler parameters 77°, 098°, 137° for Anabar to North America) spanning the interval 1.7–0.7 Ga, constituting a long-lived connection that outlasted both the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinental assemblages

Top-side ionosphere response to extreme solar events

International audienceStrong X-flares and solar energetic particle (SEP) fluxes are considered as sources of topside ionospheric disturbances observed by the ROCSAT-1/IPEI instrument during the Bastille Day event on 14 July 2000 and the Halloween event on 28 October?4 November 2003. It was found that within a prestorm period in the dayside ionosphere at altitudes of ~600 km the ion density increased up to ~80% in response to flare-associated enhancements of the solar X-ray emission. Ionospheric response to the SEP events was revealed both at sunlit and nightside hemispheres, where the ion density increased up to ~40% and 100%, respectively. We did not find any prominent response of the ion temperature to the X-ray and SEP enhancements. The largest X-ray and SEP impacts were found for the X17 solar flare on 28 October 2003, which was characterized by the most intense fluxes of solar EUV (Tsurutani et al., 2005) and relativistic solar particles (Veselovsky et al., 2004). Solar events on 14 July 2000 and 29 October 2003 demonstrate weaker impacts with respect to their X-ray and SEP intensities. The weakest ionospheric response is observed for the limb X28 solar flare on 4 November 2003. The topside ionosphere response to the extreme solar events is interpreted in terms of the short-duration impact of the solar electromagnetic radiation and the long-lasting impact of the SEP

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ И ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ МАЛОГО ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА

The article examines problems of development and functioning of small innovation entrepreneurship in Russia, discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Statistical indicators of development of innovations in recent years in the context of the report "Global innovation index". The authors off er interventions aimed at the expansion of reproduction of high technologies for the further development of innovation in the Russian Federation. Critically considers the opinions of various experts in forecasting the development of macroeconomic situation in Russia. Conclusions about the necessity of the innovation process in the economy.Purposes / tasks. The aim of the article is elaboration of measures aimed at enhancing the reproduction of high technology for processes of development and implementation of innovations in the field of engineering, technology, Economics, organization and management.Tasks of the article: to analyze and isolate problems pertaining to:• the state of innovation activities in Russia;• a weak small innovative enterprises;• state stimulation of small innovative enterprises;• increase the pace of development of small business in innovative sphere of the country.Methodology. In conducting this research the main sources of baseline data were the materials of state statistics, data from Rosstat and excerpts from Government programs. The basis of methodological developments based on a descriptive, comparative method and morphological analysis. They are allowed to perform all of the necessary information and to draw conclusions on this work.Results. This broad concept to small innovative entrepreneurship, analysed its current status in Russia, given his brief analysis of the advantages and disadvantages. Shown low efficiency of functioning and development of small enterprises in General. Analyzes the dynamics of the positions of the Russian Federation the report "Global innovation index": 2014–2016, as well as Russian and foreign experts forecast the development of the innovative aspect of the Russian economy. The proposed measures aimed at the eff ective development of small innovative entrepreneurship.Conclusions / importance. Small innovative businesses in Russia will be able to successfully and quickly evolve only in the case of a deliberate and consistent policy of public authorities and with the active support of business and public organizations in the country.В данной статье исследуются проблемы развития и функционирования малого инновационного предпринимательства в Российской Федерации, рассматриваются их достоинства и недостатки. Анализируются статистические показатели развития инноваций за последние годы в контексте доклада «Глобальный инновационный индекс». Авторами предлагаются мероприятия, направленные на расширения воспроизводства наукоёмких технологий для дальнейшего развития инноваций в Российской Федерации. Критически рассмотрены мнения различных экспертов по прогнозированию развития макроэкономической ситуации в России. Сделаны выводы о необходимости инновационного процесса в экономике.Цель / задачи. Целью статьи является разработка мероприятий, направленных на расширение воспроизводства наукоёмких технологий для процессов разработки и внедрения нововведений в области техники, технологии, экономики, организации и управления. Задачи статьи: проанализировать и выделить проблемы, касающиеся: состояния инновационной деятельности в России; слабо выраженного малого инновационного предпринимательства; государственного стимулирования малых инновационных предприятий; повышения темпов развития малого предпринимательства в инновационной сфере страны.Методология. При проведении исследования основными источниками исходных данных послужили материалы государственной статистики, данные из Росстата и выдержки из Государственных программ. В основу методических разработок положены описательный, сравнительно-сопоставительный метод и метод морфологического анализа. Они позволили проанализировать всю необходимую информацию и сделать выводы по данной работе.Результаты. Дано широкое понятие малому инновационному предпринимательству, проанализировано его современное состояние в России, приведен его краткий анализ преимуществ и недостатков. Показана низкая эффективность функционирования и развития малых предприятий в целом. Проанализирована динамика позиций Российской Федерации в докладе «Глобальный инновационный индекс»: 2014–2016 годов, а также мнения отечественных и зарубежных экспертов по прогнозу развития инноваци- онного аспекта экономики России. Предложены меры, направленные на эффективное развитие малого инновационного предпринимательства.Выводы / значимость. Малое инновационное предпринимательство в РФ может развиваться и эффективно функционировать только при проведении целенаправленной и последовательной политики нашего государства, а также при государственной поддержке предпринимательства и общественных организаций

Hysteresis of the Contact Angle of a Meniscus Inside a Capillary with Smooth, Homogeneous Solid Walls

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00721.A theory of contact angle hysteresis of a meniscus inside thin capillaries with smooth, homogeneous solid walls is developed in terms of surface forces (disjoining/ conjoining pressure isotherm) using a quasi-equilibrium approach. The disjoining /conjoining pressure isotherm includes electrostatic, intermolecular, and structural components. The values of the static receding θr, advancing θa , and equilibrium θe contact angles in thin capillaries were calculated on the basis of the shape of the disjoining/conjoining pressure isotherm. It was shown that both advancing and receding contact angles depend on the capillary radius. The suggested mechanism of the contact angle hysteresis has a direct experimental confirmation: the process of receding is accompanied by the formation of thick β-films on the capillary walls. The effect of the transition from partial to complete wetting in thin capillaries is predicted and analyzed. This effect takes place in very thin capillaries, when the receding contact angle decreases to zero