Postoperative diabetes insipidus: how to define and grade this complication?

Purpose Although transient diabetes insipidus (DI) is the most common complication of pituitary surgery, there is no consensus on its definition. Polyuria is the most overt symptoms of DI, but can also reflect several physiological adaptive mechanisms in the postoperative phase. These may be difficult to distinguish from and might coincide with DI. The difficulty to distinguish DI from other causes of postoperative polyuria might explain the high variation in incidence rates. This limits interpretation of outcomes, in particular complication rates between centers, and may lead to unnecessary treatment. Aim of this review is to determine a pathophysiologically sound and practical definition of DI for uniform outcome evaluations and treatment recommendations. Methods This study incorporates actual data and the experience of our center and combines this with a review of literature on pathophysiological mechanisms and definitions used in clinical studies reporting of postoperative DI. Results The occurrence of excessive thirst and/or hyperosmolality or hypernatremia are the best indicators to discriminate between pathophysiological symptoms and signs of DI and other causes. Urine osmolality distinguishes DI from osmotic diuresis. Conclusions To improve reliability and comparability we propose the following definition for postoperative DI: polyuria (urine production > 300 ml/hour for 3 h) accompanied by a urine specific gravity (USG) 300 mosmol/kg, or serum sodium > 145 mmol/L. To prevent unnecessary treatment with desmopressin, we present an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative DI.Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap

Endoscopic vs. microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical epidemiolog

Healthcare utilization and costs among intracranial meningioma patients during long-term follow-up

Metabolic health: pathophysiological trajectories and therap

Outcome squares integrating efficacy and safety, as applied to functioning pituitary adenoma surgery

Context: Transsphenoidal surgery is standard care in the treatment of hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. Current clinician-reported surgical outcome measures are one-dimensional, typically focusing primarily on complete or partial resection, and secondarily on complication rates. However, outcomes are best reflected by the delicate balance of efficacy and complications at patient level.Objective: This study proposes a novel way to classify and report outcomes, integrating efficacy and safety at the patient level.Methods: Retrospective chart review of all pure endoscopic transsphenoidal surgical procedures for acromegaly, Cushing's disease, and prolactinoma between 2010 and 2018 in a single tertiary referral center. We present our results in a classic (remission and complications separate) and in a novel outcome square integrating both outcomes, focusing on intended and adverse effects (long-term complications). This resulted in 4 outcome groups, ranging from good to poor. We use this approach to present these outcomes for several subgroups.Results: A total of 198 surgical procedures were included (44 reoperations). Remission was achieved in 127 operations (64%). Good outcome was observed after 121 (61%), and poor outcome after 6 (3%) operations. When intended effect of surgery was applied (instead of remission), good outcome as intended was achieved after 148 of 198 surgeries (75%) and poor outcome after 4 (2%).Conclusion: Quality of a surgical intervention can be presented in 4 simple categories, integrating both efficacy and safety with flexibility to adapt to the individualized situation at patient, disease, and surgical strategy and to the outcome of interest.Imaging- and therapeutic targets in neoplastic and musculoskeletal inflammatory diseas

Between-hospital variation in mortality and survival after glioblastoma surgery in the Dutch Quality Registry for Neuro Surgery

Purpose: Standards for surgical decisions are unavailable, hence treatment decisions can be personalized, but also introduce variation in treatment and outcome. National registrations seek to monitor healthcare quality. The goal of the study is to measure between-hospital variation in risk-standardized survival outcome after glioblastoma surgery and to explore the association between survival and hospital characteristics in conjunction with patient-related risk factors. Methods: Data of 2,409 adults with first-time glioblastoma surgery at 14 hospitals were obtained from a comprehensive, prospective population-based Quality Registry Neuro Surgery in The Netherlands between 2011 and 2014. We compared the observed survival with patient-specific risk-standardized expected early (30-day) mortality and late (2-year) survival, based on age, performance, and treatment year. We analyzed funnel plots, logistic regression and proportional hazards models. Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 5.2% and overall 2-year survival was 13.5%. Median survival varied between 4.8 and 14.9 months among hospitals, and biopsy percentages ranged between 16

Chordoid glioma: a rare suprasellar mass

NEUR