Comparative Analysis of Wind, Solar and Landfill Gases as Alternative Sources of Energy for Electricity Generation

The document reviews the current and projected electricity demand until the year 2030 along with the fuel mix. Several projections based on different agencies were studied in order to understand the trend of fuel mix projected to be used. Clearly, the fuel mix being used or projected is unsustainable. Depletion of fossil fuels, increasing demand and environmental impacts are some of the factors that emphasize the use of Alternative Sources of Electricity. Three of the upcoming Alternative Sources - Solar, Wind and Landfill Gases - are discussed and compared in the document. Based on the comparison, Landfill Gas projects seem to be very favorable, despite the higher costs related with such projects, several advantages over the other two Alternative Sources are discussed in the document. The several advantages of Landfill Gas projects, such as emissions reduction, better power quality, reduction in transmission losses, and several others are discussed in the documen

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF TURMERIC OIL: A REVIEW

Turmeric (Curcuma longa ) is a medicinal plant of the family Zingiberaceae widely growing throughout India. Turmeric oil is secondary metabolite of turmeric and obtained by steam distillation of its rhizomes. Turmeric oil a lipophilic fraction from turmeric, exhibits several therapeutic potentials. Turmeric oil chiefly comprises arturmerone and β-turmerone. During more recent decades broad spectrums of therapeutically interesting pharmacological properties of turmeric and its secondary metabolites have been reported. Recent several efforts made to explore the pharmacological profile and mechanism of action of turmeric revealed exceptionally broad spectrums of pharmacological activity profiles of turmeric oil. It is now well recognized that additive or synergistic interactions between diverse combinations of phytochemicals are involved in health benefits of vegetarian diets and herbal remedies and that regular consumption of appropriate combinations of some such edible phytochemicals with every day meals could as well be used for prevention and cure of different health problems. Critical analysis of available preclinical and clinical information on turmeric oil strongly suggests it is pharmacologically polyvalent and possess several pharmacological properties. Aim of this communication is to summarize and critically analyze such data, and to point out some possibilities for more rationally exploiting their therapeutic potential for discovering novel therapeutic leads, or for obtaining pharmacologically better standardized phyto-pharmaceuticals

Orthodontic extrusion of subgingivally fractured tooth using a removable appliance: An alternative treatment to reestablish biological width

Restoration of a traumatically injured tooth presents a clinical challenge for a predictable aesthetic outcome. This case report describes a multidisciplinary approach of a subgingivally fractured permanent maxillary central incisor. A removable orthodontic appliance was used for orthodontic extrusion of root, and surgical gingival recontouring was done with electrocautery to reestablish the biological width. Form and function were restored establishing biological width and esthetics was repaired with porcelain fused to metal crown

Clinical Course and Treatment of a Triplication Defect: A Case Report

Fusion is an anomaly manifested in both deciduous and permanent dentitions. Fu- sion of dental tissues in the primary dentition is of clinical significance owing to the challenges in treatment of the affected teeth and aberrations encountered in development and eruption of their successors. Triple tooth refers to the union of three separate tooth entities. It can occur by fusion, germination, concrescence or a combination of both fusion and germination. Triplication is rarely encountered in the deciduous dentition. The case presented herein describes triplication of de- ciduous incisors and a supernumerary tooth. The diagnosis was confirmed with the help of radiographs, CT imaging and histological examination. Retention of the triple tooth had led to crossbite. Extraction was performed for the triplicated tooth and crossbite was corrected using a composite inclined plane

A comparative evaluation of microleakage and compressive strength of Ketac Molar, Giomer, Zirconomer, and Ceram-x: An in vitro study

Background: Microleakage around dental restorative material and strength to withstand the masticatory forces is major problem in dentistry. Instead, many new materials available, very few actually bond to tooth surface and bear masticatory load. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the microleakage and compressive strength of Ketac Molar, Giomer, Zirconomer, and Ceram-x. Materials and Methods: For the evaluation of microleakage, Class V cavities were prepared on sixty human premolar teeth and divided into four study groups (n = 15): Group I (Ketac Molar), Group II (Giomer), Group III (Zirconomer), and Group IV (Ceram-x). The samples were thermocycled and subjected to dye penetration test. The sections were made and evaluated under stereomicroscope at × 40 magnification. For the compressive strength evaluation, sixty cylindrical specimens were fabricated measuring 5 mm × 6 mm and grouped into four study groups (n = 15): Group I (Ketac Molar), Group II (Giomer), Group III (Zirconomer), and Group IV (Ceram-x). All were then subjected to the Universal Testing Machine at crosshead speed of 1 mm/s. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed using paired t-test and ANOVA. Results: The microleakage was found insignificant (P > 0.05) for all study groups, with Giomer showing maximum followed by Zirconomer, Ceram-x, and Ketac Molar. The compressive strength was found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) with the maximum score for Giomer followed by Ceram-x, Zirconomer, and Ketac Molar. Conclusion: The sealing ability was maximum in Ketac Molar, Zirconomer, Ceram-x, and Giomer whereas the compressive strength was maximum for Giomer followed by Ceram-x, Zirconomer, and Ketac Molar

Antimicrobial efficacy of 980 nm diode laser on Enterococcus feacalis in conjunction with various irrigation regimes in infected root canals: An in vitro study

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficiency of different irrigating solutions against Enterococcus faecalis with or without the use of 980 nm diode laser in infected root canals. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth were divided into three experimental groups (n = 30) and one control group (n = 10). Experimental group was subdivided into two subgroups A and B (n = 15), whereas control group was subdivided into positive and negative controls (n = 5). After access cavity preparation, the root canals were prepared using ProTaper rotary instruments. A volume of 5 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1.2 ml of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 2 ml of neem solution was used for irrigation in Group I, II, and III, respectively. E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was inoculated into each canal of experimental groups and incubated for 2 weeks under aerobic conditions at 37°C. In all the subgroups B, laser irradiation was performed, whereas, in subgroup A, no laser irradiation was done. In negative control, E. faecalis was not inoculated in samples, but in positive control, E. faecalis inoculation and incubation procedure was followed. With circumferential filing using #40 reamer, dentinal chips were collected using sterile paper points, vortexed in sterile saline, was then applied to UTI Hicrome agar culture plates and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The cfu/ml for each plate was calculated using a bacterial colony counter. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 20.0. Results: The study showed that the least number of bacterial cfu/ml was observed in Group IB. The order of bacterial colony count (cfu/ml) was observed as Group IB <IA <IIB <IIA <IIIB <IIIA. Conclusion: The study concluded that the groups with laser irradiation along with irrigation protocols were more efficient as compared with irrigation protocol alone

Predicting Student Performance with Adaptive Aquila Optimization-based Deep Convolution Neural Network

1152-1164Predicting student performance is the major problem for enhancing the educational procedures. A level of student’s performance may be influenced by several factors like job of parents, sexual category and average scores obtained in prior years. Student’s performance prediction is a challenging chore, which can help educational staffs and students of educational institutions to follow the progress of students in their academic activities. Student performance enhancement and progress in educational quality are the most vital part of educational organizations. Presently, it is essential for an educational organization to predict the performance of students. Existing methods utilized only previous student performances for prediction without including other significant behaviors of students. For addressing such problems, a proficient model is proposed for prediction of student performance utilizing proposed Adaptive Aquila Optimization-allied Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN). In this process, data transformation is initiated using the Yeo-Johnson transformation method. Subsequently, feature selection is performed using Fisher Score to identify the most relevant features. Following feature selection, data augmentation techniques are applied to enhance the dataset. Finally, student performance is predicted through the utilization of a DCNN, with a focus on fine-tuning the network parameters for optimal performance. This fine-tuning is achieved through the use of the Adaptive Aquila Optimizer (AAO), ensuring the network is poised to deliver the best possible results in predicting student outcomes. Proposed AAO-based DCNN has achieved minimal error values of Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error, Mean Absolute Relative Error, Mean Squared Relative Error, and Root Mean Squared Relative Error, respectively

Service delivery through public health care system to control sexually transmitted infections in Himachal pradesh

Introduction: The National AIDS Control Organization has designed multiple synergistic interventions to identify and control curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Objective: To assess the impact of services offered at designated STI clinics in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India and the profile of the attending clients. Materials and Methods: This was a two-year prospective study, conducted from April 2011 to March 2013. Training on delivering STI/RTI services was imparted to the staff of 16 designated STI clinics including recording of data. The staff in each STI clinic comprises of one doctor, one counselor, one nurse, and one laboratory technician. The clients attending these designated clinics were offered counseling, syndromic case management (SCM), and diagnostic services wherever possible. Monthly data of STI clinic attendees was collected, compiled, and analyzed. Results: A total of 65,760 clinic visits were reported, of which 32,385 (49%) visits were for index STI/RTI complaint(s). The ratio of male to female attendees was 1:2. The commonest age group accessing the STI clinics was 25-44 years (n = 38,966; 59.3%). According to SCM, 52.9% clients were managed. The commonest presenting syndrome was urethral discharge (n = 4,500; 41%) in males, and vaginal discharge (n = 13,305; 56%) in females. Genital ulcer disease was treated in 2099 cases. Laboratory tests were performed only in 6466 patients, and 39,597 antenatal mothers were screened for syphilis. Counseling services were provided to 51,298 (f = 34,804; 68%: m = 16,494; 32%) clients and of these, 48% (n = 25,056) of the clients were referred to integrated counseling and testing centers. Forty-three clients (m = 24: f = 19) were detected positive for HIV infection. Conclusion: Uniform and standardized services delivered to clients attending public health clinics can gather reliable data to monitor trends of STI infection

Epidemiological Evaluation and Causes of delayed presentation of Orthopaedic polytrauma patients to Emergency Department - A Tertiary Care Centre Experience

Introduction: Polytrauma is a leading cause of death and disability with high financial burden. The study was done with an aim to delineate specific epidemiological characteristics as well as to determine specific causes of delays of polytrauma patients in reaching emergency departments (ED). Materials and Methods: All patients with Orthopaedic polytrauma fulfilling the inclusion criteria, within a six month period were included in our study. Epidemiological data and causes of delay were tabulated and appropriate statistical analysis was done. Results: 60 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in our study. 71.67% were male. The mean age in our series was 35.2 ± 8.34 years. Mode of trauma as per our study was 65% following road traffic accidents. 36.67% of patients were under influence of alcohol at time of injury. Patients who arrived in hospital by hired/ self-owned vehicle constituted 41.66% and rest of patients were found to arrive in Govt. run ambulance. Only 18 patients (30%) could reach the hospital in the golden hour (&lt;1 hr.). 55% of patients sustained an injury during day time (9.00AM- 9.00PM) and 45% were injured during the night. 18.33% of patients reached the hospital late due to distance of accident from the hospital. Other major causes of late presentation included lack of finance, and traffic related delay constituting 16.67% each. Conclusion: Less than one-third of the patients presented to the emergency within 1 hour of the time of injury which stresses the need to improve prehospital care and transport in our country