HORIZONTAL LIFTS OF THE GOLDEN STRUCTURES FROM A MANIFOLD TO ITS TANGENT BUNDLE

The present paper aims to investigate `the horizontal lift' of $J$ satisfying $J^2-J-I=0$ and demonstrate its status as a type of golden structure. The Nijenhuis tensor $N^\ast$ of the horizontal lift $J^H$ on the tangent bundle is determined. Also, a tensor field $\tilde{J}$ of type (1,1) is studied and shown to be golden structure on the tangent bundle. Furthermore, several conclusions regarding the Nijenhuis tensor and the Lie derivative of the golden structure $\tilde{J}$ on the tangent bundle are deduced. Moreovber, a study is done on the golden structure $\tilde{J}$ on the tangent bundle that is equipped with projection operators $\tilde{l}$ and $\tilde{m}$. Finally, we construct an example of it

REDD+ STRATEGY FOR FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN INDIA

Deforestation and forest degradation due to land use, land cover change (LULCC) have become one of the prime contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, after fossil fuel combustion. Greenhouse gas emission from forestry is occurring in the atmosphere as a result of forest biomass combustion, forest fires and decomposition of deadwood materials. This is how increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is adding to the global warming and climate change. Many worldwide recognized studies have measured that forest ecosystems have the capacity to absorb more than 1/3rd of total carbon dioxide from the atmosphere which is the minimum requirement for keeping the atmospheric temperature under 2 °C by 2030. One of the commonly accepted methods for reducing carbon is carbon sequestration through forests. India has committed to capture 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 by enhancing forest and tree cover through 2030. To achieve this target, India has adopted REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) strategy which aims to mitigate climate change by enhancing forest carbon sequestration through incentivizing forest conservation. Furthermore, this strategy strives to address the drivers of forest degradation and deforestation and also provides a roadmap for forest carbon stocks enhancement and sustainable forest management through REDD+ actions. This study investigates REDD+ contribution against global warming and climate change in India through forest carbon sequestration

Improved Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Response of Polyaniline Containing Magnetic Nano-ferrites

Improvement of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with miniaturization of devices is an important area of research in various applications like communication, electronic warfare, defense, and different civilian applications. Nano-crystalline ferrite, MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Zn, and Co), powders have been synthesized by sol-gel citrate nitrate precursor method. The crystalline size of samples was found in the range of 20-45 nm as analyzed by XRD and TEM analysis. Polyaniline/ferrite nano-composites with 50 wt% were synthesized by mechanical blending. The structural and magnetic properties of the nano-particles were characterized by using Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) respectively. Using the Rietveld refinement, the goodness of fit, interatomic distance, Bragg contribution, and R factors have been determined. Ferrites and their nano-composites, under applied magnetic field up to 20 KOe, exhibited the hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic nature with maximum saturation magnetization of 51.68 emu/g shown by CoFe2O4. The electromagnetic shielding parameters (various shielding effectiveness and reflection loss) and microwave absorbing properties were measured in X band frequency region (8.2-12.2 GHz). Nano-composites show promising and enhanced EMI shielding behavior with overall highest SE value of 52 dB shown by CoFe2O4 composite

ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH FIRST-LINE ANTI TUBERCULAR DRUGS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA: A STUDY OF CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS, CAUSALITY, AND SEVERITY

  Objective: The objective was to study the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with first-line anti-tubercular drugs for clinical presentations, causality, and severity.Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken in a 750 bedded tertiary care teaching hospital of central India for the duration of 1 year (May 2013‑May 2014). Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and under treatment with the first-line anti-tubercular drugs were study subjects. Causality, preventability, and severity were analyzed and other parameters such as male to female ratio, most affected system, most common class of drug, and common types of ADRs, were studied.Results: Nearly 118 patients were started on anti-tubercular treatment of first-line drugs in the study duration. Out of these 45 patients suffered one or more ADRs with a total number of reported ADRs being 91. 57.77% were males. Maximum patients belonged to the age group of 31-40 years (26.66%). The most commonly involved system was hepatic and biliary system (53.33%) followed by gastrointestinal system (51.11%), the most common ADR observed was disturbed liver transaminases (33.33%) followed by nausea and vomiting (28.88%). Causality assessment by Naranjo's scale showed 58.2% ADRs scoring probable, 31.86% were of possible score, whereas 9.8% definite score category. Severity assessment shows 68.88% cases of mild grading, 31.11% of moderate and no case of severe grading was reported in the study duration.Conclusions: Vigilance regarding these ADRs occurrences can result in early diagnosis and thus, proper management can be instituted earliest. This will build confidence of patients and will decrease the dropouts which in turn can result in decrease chances of developing drug-resistant strains.Keywords: Adverse drug reactions, Multidrug resistant tuberculosis, Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Causality, Naranjo's algorith

Bilobed gallbladder: a rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system

Duplication of the gallbladder is a rare congenital anomaly, which Boyden first illustrated in 1926. No additional risk of cholelithiasis or malignancy with this congenital anomaly was documented. However, this congenital anomaly is associated with more risk for complications during and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. So, preoperative diagnosis is essential in identifying anatomical abnormalities to avoid biliary injuries at the time of surgery or the performance of an incomplete operation. The removal of an asymptomatic double gallbladder remains controversial. Here, we are reporting a case of the incidentally detected duplex gallbladder in a teenager and review the literature that will enrich the reader’s knowledge regarding this rare congenital anomaly

Awareness, Practice and Level of Anxiety using Coronavirus Anxiety Scale among the Indian Population regarding COVID -19 Pandemic

Abstract: The most important aspect of Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) involves the circulation of trustworthy and accurate information in the public health interest domain. Strict stringency measures such as nationwide lockdown impacted people's mental health. Hence, this study was planned to assess the knowledge, practice, and anxiety among the Indian population about the ongoing pandemic in the initial phase. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between August 1, 2020, to October 5, 2020. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale was used to determine dysfunctional anxiety. Results: Among 553 participants, 73.6% had overall good knowledge of COVID-19 with mean correct score of 6.9±1.1. Majority of participants (97%) wore mask regularly, and 93% of respondents regularly washed their hands with soap and water. Only 14 participants scored ?9 on CAS, suggesting probable cases of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis. Conclusion: The knowledge and practices of citizens in a nation reflect their preparedness and ability to deal with a pandemic of such proportion. Good knowledge translates to good practices and therefore reduces anxiety among the population. It is deemed necessary that people's knowledge and habits, including the mental impact, be accessed at periodic intervals to track their adaptation to pandemics over time

IoT Enabled Real Time Appearance System using AI Camera and Deep Learning for Student Tracking

Internet of Things based Automatic Attendance Management systems that use Artificial Intelligent cameras and deep learning algorithms can suggestively advance the accuracy and proficiency of class presence following in schools, colleges as well as universities. This technology involves the use of cameras that are placed in classrooms or other areas where attendance needs to be monitored.The cameras are equipped with advanced deep learning algorithms that can detect and recognize students based on their unique facial features. These algorithms use machine learning techniques to analyse images and identify individual faces, even in varying lighting conditions and different angles.The data collected by the cameras is then transmitted to an Intenet of Things based platform, which stores and approach the attendance data in real time. This platform can also be used to generate reports and analytics on attendance, helping teachers and administrators make data driven decisions to improve student performance

Comparative study of laser versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of anal fissure

Background: Anal fissure is a common proctological problem that causes anal pain during and after defecation. An anal fissure is a linear ulcer that presents at the anal verge. It is more common in females than males and can be seen either in the anterior or posterior midline, just distal to the dentate line. Aims and Objectives: Comparison of Laser versus Open lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) in the treatment of anal fissures. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 50 cases of Open LIS compared with 50 cases of laser LIS (LLIS) in patients admitted to the Department of Surgery, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi (UP), India, between January 2021 and June 2022. Results: Out of 50 cases of open LIS, 10 patients presented with bleeding, 10 patients presented with hematoma/perianal swelling and 5 patients presented with pain as compared to 50 cases of LLIS, hematoma/perianal swelling (1 patient) and pain (2 patients) were found as an early post-operative complication. Mean hospital stay was 2.84±1.128 days in Open LIS as compared to 1.02±0.141 days in LLIS. The pain was presented in 1 patient as the only late post-operative complication in LLIS as compared to pain (25 patients), bleeding (10 patients), infection (2 patients), and flatus incontinence (1 patient) in Open LIS, at 2 weeks follow-up and recurrence in 1 patient in laser and in 3 patients in open LIS at 6 weeks follow up. Conclusion: LLIS significantly reduces early postoperative complications such as postoperative pain, bleeding, and hematoma as compared to open LIS. The duration of hospital stay was significantly less in LLIS in comparison to open LIS. None of the patients presented with the flatus or stool incontinence who had undergone LLIS while in Open LIS, 12% of patients presented with flatus incontinence, and 2% of patients presented with stool incontinence during follow-up in 2–6 weeks

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial effect of nanoparticles and lasers against Endodontic Microbiota : an in vitro study

Present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of silver (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with and without Nd: YAG laser (L) irradiation against experimentally inoculated Enterococcus faecalis in infected human root dentin. 120 extracted single rooted human teeth were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 24 hrs. The teeth were then randomly divided into 4 experimental group: AgNPs group: irrigation for 3minutes with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AuNPs group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds, the AuNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds. One control group consisting of 2% CHX irrigation for 3 minutes was also there (n = 20). The specimens were collected from the canal before and after irrigation, and colony forming units were observed. Significant difference was found among all the groups in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). The greatest reduction in CFU?s was observed with combination of AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group. AgNPs in combination with Nd: YAG laser irradiation has the potential to be used as root canal disinfectant