Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome in Three Sisters

Abstract Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are congenital anomalies due to atypical development of chromosomes, gonads and anatomy. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), also known as testicular feminization (TF) is a rare DSD disease. The majority of CAIS patients apply to hospital with the complaint of primary amenorrhea or infertility. Given that CAIS patients are all phenotypically female while having 46, XY karyotypes, CAIS diagnosis should be disclosed in an age-appropriate manner preferably by a mental health professional. Cases are reported here for three 46XY siblings consistent with CAIS

Evaluation of Overactive Bladder in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with a Questionaire-Based Study

Aim: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common and well-known urologic condition. OAB occurs in both women and men. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world and the prevalence of DM in adults has been increasing. Diabetic neuropathy can induce functional disease of multiple organs, including diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD). DBD occurs commonly as a late complication and DBD is mainly characterized by poor bladder emptying, urinary retention and overflow incontinence. However, storage symptoms, as those suggestive for OAB may also affect people with DM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of OAB in people with DM compared to healthy control subjects. Methods: We analyzed records of 212 diabetic case and 229 control subjects using the 8-item symptom bother scale of the OAB questionnaire (OAB-q) (OAB-V8). Results: Diabetic bladder overactivity was seen in 20.3% of patients with DM (n=43) and 10.5% of non-diabetic control group (n=24). The OAB prevalence in patients with DM was approximately two-fold higher than in control subjects. OAB increased with the duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin level and age. There was no significant difference in sex distribution between the groups. There is an increase in the prevalence type 2 diabetes in Turkey. DM is a common cause of reduced bladder sensation in both men and women. In this study, OAB syndrome in diabetic patients was searched. DBD is characterized by underactive (flaccid) bladder, voiding difficulty, infrequent voiding and reduced bladder sensation during urinary storage; bladder underactivity and urinary retention during urination. OAB in diabetic patients is characterized by urgency (a compelling and sudden desire to void), with or without incontinence, usually with urinary frequency and nocturia. Conclusion: OAB symptoms are more prevalent in diabetic people than in healthy people. OAB symptoms in DM may be considered as a predictor of the development of diabetic neuropathy. Thus, controlling the progression of DM might reduce the incidence of diabetic neuropathy and other late diabetic complications

Intravesical Migration and Calcification of Intrauterin Device: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Intrauterine device (IUD) is widely used for the long duration of protection, cost-effectiveness and for being a reversible contraceptive method as well as having low complication rates. Despite low complication rates, various IUD-related complications, such as spontaneous aborts, bleeding, infection, and uterine perforation may occur. Although perforation of the uterus by an IUD is not uncommon, bladder perforation is a rare complication. A regular follow-up of patients with IUDs for the complications and training of clinicians for insertion and removal are mandatory to provide better and safe family planning services. Here, we report a case of a patient with uterine perforation with a calcified IUD migration into the the bladder

Evaluation of the Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction with Uroflowmetry, IPSS and IIEF Questioniares

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in aging men. The population of elderly men in Turkey has increased through last two decades. Therefore, problems of aging men had found growing scientific attention in our country. In this study, we investigated the association between LUTS and ED, while considering the other concomitant factors for ED, including severity of urinary symptoms according to uroflowmetric measurements. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with 213 consecutive male subjects. Age, blood analysis and uroflowmetry scores were evaluated. All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) form and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) (reflecting LUTS) questionnaires. Results The eligible patients with a mean age of 60.38±7.53 years were enrolled in this study. ED was reported in 66 (31%) patients according to IIEF scores. Severe prostate symptoms according to the IPPS scores were compatible with the severity of uroflowmetry measurements. Overall IPSS scores were significantly associated with ED (p<0.01). In addition, an association between the severity of ED and LUTS was observed (p<0.05). The mean quality of life assessment in the IPSS revealed a statistically significant difference between individuals with varying degrees of ED (p<0.01).Conclusion The relationship between increasing LUTS severity and sexual dysfunction is independent of the impact of comorbid conditions and increasing age. Sexual history and therapeutic management of ED are important in aging men for better quality of life

Does stone dimension affect the effectiveness of ureteroscopic lithotripsy in distal ureteral stones?

Objective To investigate whether stone dimension is a restrictive factor for ureterorenoscopic procedures

Henoch-Schönlein purpura without systemic involvement beginning with acute scrotum and mimicking torsion of testis

Henoch-Sch&ouml;nlein purpura (HSP) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. Typical presentations of HSP are palpable purpura of the small vessels in the hips and lower limbs, abdominal pain, arthritis, and hematuria. Scrotal involvement manifested by the presence of scrotal pain and swelling during the course of the disease is rarely seen. HSP without systemic involvement with acute scrotum mimicking testicular torsion is even rare in the medical literature. In most cases, patients with this disease achieve complete recovery. Herein, we report an interesting HSP case with skin symptoms but without systemic involvement and then progression to acute scrotum resembling torsion of testis

Possible Relation between the NOS3 Gene GLU298ASP Polymorphism and Bladder Cancer in Turkey

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), encoded by the NOS3 gene, has been suggested to play an important role in uncontrolled cell growth in several cancer types. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of the NOS3 Glu298Asp polymorphism in bladder cancer susceptibility in a Turkish population. We determined the genotypes of 66 bladder cancer cases and 88 healthy controls. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A significant association for NOS3 Glu298Asp heterozygotes genotypes and T allele were found between healthy controls and bladder cancer, respectively (p<0.001: p=0.002). There were no significant associations between any genotypes and the stage, grade, and histological type of bladder cancer. Our study suggested an increased risk role of NOS3 GT genotype in bladder cancer susceptibility in our Turkish population