Kognitive Level of Values of the Future Social Workers

The article presents the scientific research: cognitive level of values of those who are studing the social work. According to the theoretical and empirical resarch there few indicators of conseptional level of values such as: the attitude to the values, their meanings, the knowing the essence of values and the factors of values. The data reveals, that students choose the terminal values (final purposes) as the most important such as health, happy falimy, and important are following ones: happy life, inner harmony, mature love, selfesteem, friendship, wisdom, courage. At the same time there is luck of attention to beauty, creativity and national security. The instrumental values (which help to reach the final goals) are following: the most important is honor and others as altruizm, intelligence, sophistication, sensibility, self-control, compation, width of views, forgiveness, courage (more then a half). So the student do not see important values such as pride, imaginations and obedience. The results show that the students understand better meaning of terminal values rather than instrumental ones. The student do not know enough the meanings of the values that are not important for them. According the students the terminal and instrumental values are related to the same areas of values, which are their chosen the factors of values

Phylogenomic analyses of the Photinia complex support the recognition of a new genus Phippsiomeles and the resurrection of a redefined Stranvaesia in Maleae (Rosaceae)

Photinia and its morphologically similar allies in Maleae (Rosaceae) consist of five currently recognized genera: Aronia, Heteromeles, Photinia, Pourthiaea, and Stranvaesia, and 68 species, distributed in Asia and North and Central America. Despite previous efforts to clarify relationships in this group, the generic delimitations have remained uncertain. Our goals were to reconstruct a robust phylogeny of Photinia and its close allies to test the monophyly of the currently recognized genera, especially Photinia and Stranvaesia, and the hybrid origin hypothesis of Photinia bodinieri. This study employs complete plastomes and the entire nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) repeats assembled from the genome skimming approach with a broad taxon sampling of 81 species in 30 genera of Rosaceae, especially Maleae. Based on three datasets, including the whole plastome, coding sequence, and nrDNA repeats, the results of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses showed that the previously circumscribed Stranvaesia and Photinia were each non-monophyletic. Six clades have been recovered herein within Photinia and its allied genera: Aronia, Heteromeles, Photinia s.s., Pourthiaea, Stranvaesia, and a new genus Phippsiomeles consisting of the Central American species formerly placed in Photinia. The strong conflicts between the plastome and nrDNA phylogenies of Phippsiomeles and Stranvaesia tomentosa suggest the possibility that they may have each originated involving hybridization events, while no incongruence among datasets was detected to support the hybrid origin of Photinia bodinieri. We provide 12 new combinations, to transfer eight taxa of the New World Photinia into Phippsiomeles and clarify the generic placements of several species of Photinia and Stranvaesia