Управление психофизической готовностью курсантов-спортсменов юридических вузов

Introduction. Student athletes should be involved in assessment and self-assessment of psychophysical conditions. These psychophysical conditions reflect their physiological status, functional stability, and physical readiness that contribute to taking care of health, physical improvement, adhering to regulations of the institute of higher education, and changing the lifestyle in accordance with the objectives. The lack of scientific knowledge on self-assessment of psychophysical conditions is a problem for effective managing student athletes’ sports training. Such a work helps to maintain student athletes’ psychophysical readiness for competitive activities during their studies at a law institute of higher education. The novelty of the study lies in student athletes’ training in managing their psychophysical conditions after their self-assessment. Materials and Methods. Student athletes had to master the information on the criteria of health. The study employed the assessing program which included a number of control exercises, functional trials, tests, tasks, and computational methods. These were the methods for assessing the functional state of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, physical development, and anthropometric data. Taken together these parameters reflected their psychophysical condition. The efficiency of managing the process of education and training depended on the following: (a) control activities; (b) knowledge differentiation and specialization; (c) optimal solutions; (d) associations between substantive and procedural aspects of measured indicators. This promotes student athletes’ motivation for conscious control and strategic self-regulation of psychophysical conditions. Results. During the experiment student athletes have changed the common knowledge of their body functioning. Study participants studied how to manage their psychophysical conditions on the basis of profound knowledge, individual experience of measuring and interpreting the results of control exercises, functional trials, and computational methods. Methods of self-control contribute to revealing the cause and effect relationship, prediction, revealing weak link, choosing of solutions, drafting individual training programs, predicting diseases and injuries, and the coach – athlete interaction at a high-level subject relationship. Discussion. Thus, the practical mastering the methods of self-assessment of conditions contributed to effective managing the process of education and training, and also competitive activities.Введение. В статье раскрывается необходимость включенности курсантов-спортсменов юридического вуза в процесс оценки и самооценки психофизических состояний, отражающих их физиологический статус, функциональную устойчивость и физическую подготовленность, которые обеспечивают заботу о своем здоровье и направлены на физическое совершенствование, соблюдение распорядка дня, принятого в учебном заведении, изменение образа жизни в соответствии с поставленными целями. Авторы подчеркивают, что отсутствие научных знаний и интерпретации самооценки психофизических состояний не способствует эффективному процессу управления спортивной подготовкой курсантов-спортсменов. Предполагалось, что такая работа позволяет поддерживать должную психофизическую готовность курсанта-спортсмена к соревновательной деятельности в условиях обучения в юридическом вузе. Методы и организация исследования. Курсантам-спортсменам предлагалось практически освоить информацию о критериях здоровья; использовалась программа оценки на основе ряда контрольных упражнений, функциональных проб, тестов, заданий и расчетных методов: оценки функционального статуса системы кровообращения, системы дыхания, физического развития и оценки антропометрических данных, в совокупности отражающих их психофизические состояния. Новизна исследования заключена в обучении курсантов-спортсменов умениям управлять своими психофизическими состояниями по результатам их самооценки. Подчеркивается, что эффективность управления учебно-тренировочным процессом детерминируется сформированностью действий контроля, дифференциацией и специализацией знаний, выбором оптимальных решений, установкой связей между содержательной и процессуальной сторонами измеряемых показателей. Это обеспечит мотивацию к осознанному контролю, переходу к стратегическому уровню саморегуляции психофизических состояний курсантами-спортсменами. Результаты. Выявлено, что курсанты-спортсмены за период участия в эксперименте от бытовых знаний о функционировании своего организма перешли к управлению психофизическими состояниями на основе углубленного получения знаний, приобретения индивидуального опыта измерения и интерпретации результатов по данным контрольных упражнений, функциональных проб и расчетных методов. Опора на методы самоконтроля способствует выявлению причинно-следственных связей, прогнозированию, выявлению слабых звеньев, выбору решений, составлению индивидуальных учебно-тренировочных программ, прогнозированию риска возникновения заболеваний и получения травм, обеспечению взаимодействия в системе «тренер – спортсмен» на более высоком уровне субъектных отношений. Обсуждение результатов. Полученные данные позволяют констатировать, что практическое освоение методов самооценки состояний способствовало эффективности управления учебно-тренировочным процессом и соревновательной деятельностью

Physical and psychological welfare of students at higher educational establishments during “soft” fitness and classical aerobics lessons

The article substantiates the necessity to use “soft” fitness during physical culture lessons with students at higher educational establishments at the initial stages of teaching. During the programs of exercises creation the demands claimed on students at the lessons should fully correspond with their physical abilities and psychological needs, as in this case the connection between physical and psychological components of life quality becomes stronger. The need for physical exercises fulfillment and high level of motor activity support becomes the part of psychological comfort and personality’s welfare

Emotional and Volitional Readiness for Polysubject Interaction Among Bachelors in Physical Education

Introduction. Emotional and volitional readiness for polysubject interaction among the participants of health-improving workouts involves multilateral value relations based on the potential, needs, and characteristics of each other. The spontaneity of the process along with high physical loading and emotional intensity of interaction require solving the problems of each client. The article puts forward the idea that conscious regulation of muscle tone and self-regulation techniques ensure the development of a bachelor’s volitional qualities. However, little attention has been devoted to the solution of this problem at the stage of university training of physical education students. This impedes the development of a psychologically stable personality and improvement of professional readiness. Methods. These were the technique for Assessing External Manifestations of Emotions developed by V. L. Marishchuk; General Communicative Tolerance questionnaire developed by V. V. Boiko; Will Power questionnaire developed by R. S. Nemov. Result. Both groups were characterized by high and low levels of emotional and volitional readiness at the initial stage of the study. At the end of the experiment, 57 % of respondents in the control group had an average level of emotional and volitional readiness; 43 % of respondents had a high level of emotional and volitional readiness. These proportions were 37 % and 63 % for the experimental group. Discussion. Age-specific characteristics of self-concept determine emotional stability through a sequential formation of self-esteem. Individual and collective forms of interaction, mutual assistance and support, free choice of individual tasks determine the effectiveness of emotional stability. The techniques of yoga, callanetics, and pilates, which are focused on holding certain static poses, lead to mental stress and activate emotional and volitional efforts

Управление психофизической готовностью курсантов-спортсменов юридических вузов

Introduction. Student athletes should be involved in assessment and self-assessment of psychophysical conditions. These psychophysical conditions reflect their physiological status, functional stability, and physical readiness that contribute to taking care of health, physical improvement, adhering to regulations of the institute of higher education, and changing the lifestyle in accordance with the objectives. The lack of scientific knowledge on self-assessment of psychophysical conditions is a problem for effective managing student athletes’ sports training. Such a work helps to maintain student athletes’ psychophysical readiness for competitive activities during their studies at a law institute of higher education. The novelty of the study lies in student athletes’ training in managing their psychophysical conditions after their self-assessment. Materials and Methods. Student athletes had to master the information on the criteria of health. The study employed the assessing program which included a number of control exercises, functional trials, tests, tasks, and computational methods. These were the methods for assessing the functional state of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, physical development, and anthropometric data. Taken together these parameters reflected their psychophysical condition. The efficiency of managing the process of education and training depended on the following: (a) control activities; (b) knowledge differentiation and specialization; (c) optimal solutions; (d) associations between substantive and procedural aspects of measured indicators. This promotes student athletes’ motivation for conscious control and strategic self-regulation of psychophysical conditions. Results. During the experiment student athletes have changed the common knowledge of their body functioning. Study participants studied how to manage their psychophysical conditions on the basis of profound knowledge, individual experience of measuring and interpreting the results of control exercises, functional trials, and computational methods. Methods of self-control contribute to revealing the cause and effect relationship, prediction, revealing weak link, choosing of solutions, drafting individual training programs, predicting diseases and injuries, and the coach – athlete interaction at a high-level subject relationship. Discussion. Thus, the practical mastering the methods of self-assessment of conditions contributed to effective managing the process of education and training, and also competitive activities.Введение. В статье раскрывается необходимость включенности курсантов-спортсменов юридического вуза в процесс оценки и самооценки психофизических состояний, отражающих их физиологический статус, функциональную устойчивость и физическую подготовленность, которые обеспечивают заботу о своем здоровье и направлены на физическое совершенствование, соблюдение распорядка дня, принятого в учебном заведении, изменение образа жизни в соответствии с поставленными целями. Авторы подчеркивают, что отсутствие научных знаний и интерпретации самооценки психофизических состояний не способствует эффективному процессу управления спортивной подготовкой курсантов-спортсменов. Предполагалось, что такая работа позволяет поддерживать должную психофизическую готовность курсанта-спортсмена к соревновательной деятельности в условиях обучения в юридическом вузе. Методы и организация исследования. Курсантам-спортсменам предлагалось практически освоить информацию о критериях здоровья; использовалась программа оценки на основе ряда контрольных упражнений, функциональных проб, тестов, заданий и расчетных методов: оценки функционального статуса системы кровообращения, системы дыхания, физического развития и оценки антропометрических данных, в совокупности отражающих их психофизические состояния. Новизна исследования заключена в обучении курсантов-спортсменов умениям управлять своими психофизическими состояниями по результатам их самооценки. Подчеркивается, что эффективность управления учебно-тренировочным процессом детерминируется сформированностью действий контроля, дифференциацией и специализацией знаний, выбором оптимальных решений, установкой связей между содержательной и процессуальной сторонами измеряемых показателей. Это обеспечит мотивацию к осознанному контролю, переходу к стратегическому уровню саморегуляции психофизических состояний курсантами-спортсменами. Результаты. Выявлено, что курсанты-спортсмены за период участия в эксперименте от бытовых знаний о функционировании своего организма перешли к управлению психофизическими состояниями на основе углубленного получения знаний, приобретения индивидуального опыта измерения и интерпретации результатов по данным контрольных упражнений, функциональных проб и расчетных методов. Опора на методы самоконтроля способствует выявлению причинно-следственных связей, прогнозированию, выявлению слабых звеньев, выбору решений, составлению индивидуальных учебно-тренировочных программ, прогнозированию риска возникновения заболеваний и получения травм, обеспечению взаимодействия в системе «тренер – спортсмен» на более высоком уровне субъектных отношений. Обсуждение результатов. Полученные данные позволяют констатировать, что практическое освоение методов самооценки состояний способствовало эффективности управления учебно-тренировочным процессом и соревновательной деятельностью

Binase Immobilized on Halloysite Nanotubes Exerts Enhanced Cytotoxicity toward Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells

Many ribonucleases (RNases) are considered as promising tools for antitumor therapy because of their selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. Binase, the RNase from Bacillus pumilus, triggers apoptotic response in cancer cells expressing RAS oncogene which is mutated in a large percentage of prevalent and deadly malignancies including colorectal cancer. The specific antitumor effect of binase toward RAS-transformed cells is due to its direct binding of RAS protein and inhibition of downstream signaling. However, the delivery of proteins to the intestine is complicated by their degradation in the digestive tract and subsequent loss of therapeutic activity. Therefore, the search of new systems for effective delivery of therapeutic proteins is an actual task. This study is aimed to the investigation of antitumor effect of binase immobilized on natural halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Here, we have developed the method of binase immobilization on HNTs and optimized the conditions for the enzyme loading and release (i); we have found the non-toxic concentration of pure HNTs which allows to distinguish HNTs- and binase-induced cytotoxic effects (ii); using dark-field and fluorescent microscopy we have proved the absorption of binase-loaded HNTs on the cell surface (iii) and demonstrated that binase-halloysite nanoformulations possessed twice enhanced cytotoxicity toward tumor colon cells as compared to the cytotoxicity of binase itself (iv). The enhanced antitumor activity of biocompatible binase-HNTs complex confirms the advisability of its future development for clinical practice

Quantification of anti-aggregation activity of chaperones: a test-system based on dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of bovine serum albumin.

The methodology for quantification of the anti-aggregation activity of protein and chemical chaperones has been elaborated. The applicability of this methodology was demonstrated using a test-system based on dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of bovine serum albumin at 45°C as an example. Methods for calculating the initial rate of bovine serum albumin aggregation (v agg) have been discussed. The comparison of the dependences of v agg on concentrations of intact and cross-linked α-crystallin allowed us to make a conclusion that a non-linear character of the dependence of v agg on concentration of intact α-crystallin was due to the dynamic mobility of the quaternary structure of α-crystallin and polydispersity of the α-crystallin-target protein complexes. To characterize the anti-aggregation activity of the chemical chaperones (arginine, arginine ethyl ester, arginine amide and proline), the semi-saturation concentration [L]0.5 was used. Among the chemical chaperones studied, arginine ethyl ester and arginine amide reveal the highest anti-aggregation activity ([L]0.5 = 53 and 58 mM, respectively)

The values of refractive index (<i>n</i>), density (ρ) and dynamic viscosity (η) of solutions of arginine, arginine ethylester, arginine amide and proline at 45°C (0.1 M Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0).

<p>The values of refractive index (<i>n</i>), density (ρ) and dynamic viscosity (η) of solutions of arginine, arginine ethylester, arginine amide and proline at 45°C (0.1 M Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0).</p

Effect of Pro on DTT-induced aggregation of BSA ([BSA] = 1.0 mg/ml, 2 mM DTT).

<p>(A) The dependences of the light scattering intensity on time obtained at the following concentrations of Pro: (1) 0, (2) 500 and (3) 1000 mM. Points are the experimental data. The solid curves were calculated from Eq. (5). (B) The dependences of the hydrodynamic radius (<i>R</i>_h) of the protein aggregates on time obtained in the absence of Pro (1) and in the presence of 1000 mM Pro (2). (C) The dependence of the <i>K</i>_agg/<i>K</i>_agg,0 ratio on the concentration of Pro. Points are the experimental data. The solid curve was calculated from Eq. (20). Inset shows the dependence of the duration of the lag period (<i>t</i>₀) on the concentration of Pro.</p

Effect of Arg on DTT-induced aggregation of BSA ([BSA] = 1.0 mg/ml, 2 mM DTT).

<p>(A) The dependences of the light scattering intensity on time obtained at the following concentrations of Arg: (1) 0, (2) 50 and (3) 400 mM. Points are the experimental data. The solid curves was calculated from Eq. (5). (B) The dependences of the hydrodynamic radius (<i>R</i>_h) of the protein aggregates on time obtained in the absence of Arg (1) and in the presence of 400 mM Arg (2). (C) The dependence of the <i>K</i>_agg/<i>K</i>_agg,0 ratio on the concentration of Arg. Points are the experimental data. The solid curve was calculated from Eq. (20). Inset shows the dependence of the duration of the lag period (<i>t</i>₀) on the concentration of Arg.</p