Studies of the biological and therapeutic effects of argentine stingless bee propolis

Meliponids are native bees of the Americas, characterized by having no sting (ANSA). Some live in the Yunga forests of northern Argentina, a place rich in a diversity of this type of bees of which at least thirty-three species may be found. Propolis is a resinous substance that bees collect from plants exudates. Chemical composition and functional properties vary according to the flora of the place where the hives are. They have been valued by humans for their biological properties for centuries. This study is aimed at investigating the antinociceptive, antioxidant and anti-biofilm activities of propolis from the stingless bees Tetragonisca fiebrigi Schwarz and Scaptotrigona jujuyensis Schrottky found in Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá of INTA, Tucumán, Argentina. Analgesic activity of the extracts was estimated against acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion method and formalin test. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. Propolis anti biofilm activity was tested on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 6538P bacteria. Phytochemical constituents were obtained using standard chemical methods. The propolis alcoholic extracts of the studied species possess antinociceptive activity at both central and peripheral levels as demonstrated by the three algesia tests used. Both propolis extracts were effective antioxidants in DPPH and β-carotene linoleic acid model systems. S. jujuyensis propolis tested at all doses against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa presented a selective biofilm inhibition unrelated to bacterial growth inhibition, thus achieving a reduction in pathogenicity. The chemical studies revealed the presence of sterols, triterpenes, catechins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and anthocyanidins. Chemical composition observed in the T.fiebrigi and S. jujuyensis propolis, suggest that those responsible for the activity would be chemical compounds of a non-phenolic nature. Our data indicate that geopropolis is a natural source of bioactive substances with promising beneficial properties for human health. Isolation and identification of compounds responsible for the pharmacological activities displayed by propolis has started.Fil: Brodkiewicz, Ivana Yanina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Farmacia. Cátedra de Farmacoquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Marcinkevicius, Karenina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Reynoso Marcos. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Farmacia. Cátedra de Farmacoquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Salomon Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Maldonado Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Farmacia. Cátedra de Farmacoquímica; Argentin

Nutraceutical properties and safety evaluation of fruits and arrope of Geoffroea decorticans (chañar)

Context: Geoffroea decorticans (chañar) fruits and its derivate product (arrope) have been traditionally used as food and in folk medicine for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases including bronchopulmonary disorder. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory effects and safety of aqueous extract (AE) and arrope (Ar) of chañar.Materials and methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of AE and Ar, was evaluated through carrageenan induced edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats. The antitussive activity was evaluated using model against ammonia induced cough in rats. The expectorant activity was evaluated by volume of phenol red in rat?s tracheas. The tested doses of extracts were of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, (p.o.). For the safety evaluation of AE and Ar, was conducted the chronic toxicity test in rats (1 and 2 g/kg, p.o.).Results: The results showed that AE (1000 mg/Kg) significantly reduced the edema (100%) induced by carrageenan 3 h post-dosing and granuloma formation (47.76 %) induced by cotton pellets. In the ammonia liquor induced cough and the amount of phenol red secretion, AE and Ar of chañar (1000 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the latent period of cough, inhibited the cough frequency and significantly enhance tracheal phenol red compared with that negative control. The result of toxicity assays suggested that AE and Ar did not induce or cause any damage to the liver and kidney of the rats and can be considered nontoxic for these animals at tested doses.Discussion and conclusions: This study has shown that the AE and Ar, possess antitussive and expectorant significant effect. Also AE possess significant anti-inflammatory effects, both extracts were nontoxic. These findings seem to justify use of the plant in traditional medicine and are proposed, the chañar fruits as an excellent nutraceutical food.Fil: Reynoso, Marcos Adrian. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Riera, Alicia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin

Chemical Composition of Argentinean Propolis Collected in Extreme Regions and its Relation with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

This paper reveals, for the first time, the functional properties of propolis from an extreme region of Argentine (El Rincón, Province of Catamarca, Argentina), as well as the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds. The antioxidant activity was determined by the ABTS method and β-carotene bleaching. The antibacterial activity was determined on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the microdilution method and bioautographic assays. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified by NMR spectroscopy. The main bioactive compounds were 2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxychalcone (3), 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone (9), 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-6′- methoxychalcone (8), 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), 4′,5-dihydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (10) and 7-hydroxy- 5,8-dimethoxyflavone (11). All compounds were active against clinical isolates (MIC50 10 μg/ mL) and displayed antioxidant activity (SC50 values of 20 μg/mL). The MIC and SC50 values of the isolated compounds were lower than those obtained with crude propolis extracts, chloroform sub-extracts and isolated fractions.EEA FamailláFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Solórzano, Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Quimica del Noroeste; Argentina.Fil: Maldonado, Luis Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Bedascarrasbure, Enrique Luciano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Quimica del Noroeste; Argentin

Oenococcus oeni allows the increase of antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in apple cider

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the malolactic fermentation (MLF) carried out by Oenococcus oeni on antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in cider. The MLF was induced using three strains of O. oeni. The modification in phenolic compounds (PCs) and nitrogen organic compounds, antioxidant, and antihypertensive activities were determined after MLF. Among the 17 PCs analyzed caffeic acid was the most abundant compound and phloretin, (−)-epicatechin, and myricetin were detected only in malolactic ciders, however, (−)-epigallocatechin was not detected after MLF. The evaluation of nitrogen organic compounds revealed a drop in total protein concentration (from 17.58 to 14.00 mg N/L) concomitantly with a significant release of peptide nitrogen (from 0.31 to a maximum value of 0.80 mg N/L) after MLF. In addition, an extracellular proteolytic activity was evidenced in all MLF supernatants. The FRAP activity increased reaching a maximum of 120.9 μmol FeSO4/mL and the ABTS radical-scavenging activity increased until 6.8 mmol ascorbic acid/L. Moreover, the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity reached a maximum value of 39.8%. The MLF conducted by O. oeni in ciders enables the increase of interesting biological activities and this finding could constitute a valuable tool to add value to final product.Fil: Kristof, Irina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Silvana Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Apud, Gisselle Raquel. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Aredes Fernández, Pedro Adrián. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentin

Chalcones in Bioactive Argentine Propolis Collected in Arid Environments

The aim of this study was to assess the chemical and biological profile of propolis samples collected in arid environments of north-western Argentina. The samples were from two phytogeographical regions (Prepuna and Monte de Catamarca Province). Propolis ethanolic extracts (PEE) and chloroform (CHL), hexane (HEX) and aqueous (AQ) sub-extracts of samples from three regions (CAT-I; CAT-II and CAT-III) were obtained. All PEE exhibited antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay (SC50 values between 28 and 43 μg DW/mL). The CHL extract was the most active (SC50 values between 10 and 37 μg DW/mL). The antioxidant activity in the β-carotene bleaching assays was more effective for PEE and CHL (IC50 values between 2 and 9 μg DW/mL, respectively). A similar pattern was observed for antibacterial activity. The highest inhibitory effect on the growth of human Gram-positive bacteria was observed for CHL-III and CHL-I (Monte region) with minimal inhibitory concentration values (MIC100) of 50 to 100 μg DW/mL. Nine compounds were identified by HPLC-PAD. Two of them (2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone and 2′,4′- dihydroxy 3′-methoxychalcone) were found only in propolis samples from the Monte phytogeographical region. We consider that the Argentine arid region is appropriate to place hives in order to obtain propolis of excellent quality because the dominant life forms in that environment are shrubby species that produce resinous exudates with a high content of chalcones, flavones and flavonols.EEA FamailláFil: Solórzano, Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Cuello, Ana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Quimica del Noroeste; Argentina.Fil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina.Fil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Zampini, Iris Catiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Zampini, Iris Catiana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Zampini, Iris Catiana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Maldonado, Luis Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Bedascarrasbure, Enrique Luciano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Quimica del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentin

Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory effects and safety of Ziziphus mistol fruits

Ziziphus mistol Griseb. (Rhamnaceae), popularly known as ?mistol,? is widely distributed throughout Perú, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. Its fruit is consumed in different forms in several argentinean communities. The present study was carried out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of Ziziphus mistol (mistol) fruits ethanol and aqueous extracts and arrope. Antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-flick tests in rats. Anti-inflammatory effects were determinated through carrageenan induced edema test and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, in rats. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 hs) and sub-chronic toxicity (91 days).All extracts (1,000 mg / kg body weight) showed significant inhibition (P <0.05) in the pain and inflammation experimentally induced. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 h. In the sub-chronic toxicity study the extracts no caused significant visible signs of toxicity, nor mortality for 91 consecutive days of treatment. No significant differences were found in relative organ weights and hematological and biochemical parameters between the treated groups and the control groups. Aqueous extract and arrope of Z. mistol fruits could be good source of antinociceptive and anti-inflamatory agents because of its good activity and safety.Fil: Reynoso, Marcos Adrian. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Biología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Daud, Adriana del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Biología; ArgentinaFil: Belizán, María Melina Eleonora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Farmacia. Cátedra de Farmacoquímica; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Riera, Alvaro. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Biología; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Farmacia. Cátedra de Farmacoquímica; Argentin

Anti-Pathogenic Activity of Herbs Used in Argentinean Traditional Infusion

The anti-pathogenic activity of Acantholippia deserticola, Haplopappus baylahuen, Lippia integrifolia and Satureja parvifolia herbs used as traditional infusion were investigated. The extracts obtained were compared with respect to chromatographic profiles and antimicrobial activities. The dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the four herbs showed significant inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth and biofilm formation. The dichloromethane extract of Lippia integrifolia that showed the highest inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, was fractionated by column chromatography using a gradient of polarity, and the activities of the fractions were evaluated. In general, the lower polar fractions inhibited biofilm in correlation with bacterial growth. However, in more polar fractions the biofilm diminution is well correlated with the inhibition of AI production more than the bacterial development. The results provide scientific support to the usage of these herbs for the protection against foodborne diseases through different mode of actions. This effect is notably in L. integrifolia due that the fractions showed superior growth, biofilm and autoinducer inhibitory activity compared to crude extract.Fil: Brodkiewitz, Ivana Yanina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Rocío Daniela Inés. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Vega López, Guillermo Alfredo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Alberto, Maria Rosa. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Arena, Mario Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; Argentin

Anti-inflammatory Effects and Safety of Extracts and Essential Oil from Clinopodium gilliesii (muña muña)

The chemical machinery of vegetables offers a great diversity of biological properties and plays a fundamental role in the field of pharmacology. The search for new drugs with fewer adverse effects represents a challenge for researchers. The objective of the present work was to carry out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of extracts and essential oil from aerial parts of Clinopodium gilliesii (muña muña) and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. The extractions were carried out serially, using 96º alcohol (EE) and boiled distilled water (AE). The essential oil (EO) was obtained by steam dragging. The AE in vivo antiinflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan induced plantar edema (acute inflammation) and granuloma formation by cotton disc (chronic inflammation) at oral doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg while that of the EO was established topically at doses of 50, 100µl/kg. In-vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH depuration and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (β-carotene-linoleic acid method). Chemical study of the extracts was carried out by means of phytochemical screening and the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS chromatography. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 h) and acute dermal toxicity (14 days). The results revealed that EE and EO had a significant acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity, compared with positive patterns. EE (500 mg/kg), EO (100µl/kg), ibuprofen (100 mg/kg) and meprednisone (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the weight of the exudate and cotton disc granuloma (24.17, 35.30, 45.56 and 57.17% respectively). The alcoholic and aqueous extracts presented important antioxidant activities with values higher than 90% (from 400μg/ml) in both methods and similar to the positive patterns (BHT and quercetin). The chromatographic profile of volatile oil compounds showed a great richness in terpene substances, pulegone, menthone and neomenthol, being its major constituents. The hydroalcoholic extracts revealed the presence of reducing compounds, polysaccharides, tannins, triterpenes, sterols and coumarins as major phytoconstituents. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 h. The essential oil at a single dose of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight did not produce treatment-related signs of toxicity or mortality in all rats tested during the 14 day observation period. These findings are encouraging to continue studies for the validation of popular use and development of a phytopharmaceutical with medicinal utility.Fil: Reynoso, Marcos Adrian. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Balderrama Coca, Maria Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Brodkiewicz, Ivana Yanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Jaime, Gloria Susana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Perotti, Marina Elvira. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Shuff, Carola. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin

Estudio de las propiedades terapéuticas de miel de Tetragonisca fiebrigi (yatei): su reciente incorporación al codigo alimentario argentino.

La miel de ANSA es un recurso empleado con fines alimenticios y medicinales desde tiempos ancestrales. En la actualidad, la meliponicultura es una actividad creciente en Latinoamérica y, particularmente en nuestro país. El Boletín Oficial anunció recientemente, la incorporación de la miel de yateí Tetragonisca fiebrigi (familia Apidae, Tribu Meliponini), al Código Alimentario Argentino en el artículo 783 bis del Capítulo “Alimentos azucarados”. A diferencia de la miel de Apis, conocida y consumida mayormente por la población, la miel de Yateí tiene mayor porcentaje de humedad y son fermentadas naturalmente por microorganismos por lo que son más ácidas, esto le confiere propiedades organolépticas particulares. Objetivo El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo investigar la actividad analgésica, antiinflamatoria, antioxidante, antitusiva y expectorante de mieles de Tetragonisca fiebrigi (MTf) y correlacionar dicha actividad con su composición química. Experimental Se ensayó en ratas Wistar a dosis de 250 a 1000 mg/kg por administración oral. La actividad analgésica se estimó in vivo induciendo el dolor por estímulos químicos (formalina y ácido acético) y térmico (calor) que permiten dilucidar el dolor a nivel central (dolor neurogénico) y periférico (inflamatorio). La actividad antiinflamatoria fue evaluada usando el modelo de inducción del edema plantar por carragenina (inflamación aguda) y el método de formación del granuloma inducido por disco de algodón (inflamación crónica). La actividad antitusígena se evaluó usando un modelo animal de tos inducida por amoniaco. El método del rojo fenol se empleó en la evaluación de actividad expectorante. Los perfiles de azúcares y compuestos fenólicos se determinaron por HPLC-DAD. Resultados y Discusión La MTf presentó mayor actividad analgésica en la fase inflamatoria del test de la formalina (1000 mg / kg). A nivel central, mediante la prueba de inducción del dolor por calor, se observó que MTf muestra la mayor actividad antinociceptiva a los 90 min. Las mieles analizadas a 1000 mg / kg inhibieron el dolor entre 49-51%, en la prueba de inducción del dolor por ácido acético. Los resultados revelan que la MTf presentó una significativa actividad antiinflamatoria aguda a la menor dosis testeada (77,55%). En cuanto a la actividad antiinflamatoria crónica, la MTf fue efectiva para reducir significativamente el peso del exudado y del granuloma inducido por el disco de algodón (62,56 y 40,02 % respectivamente). Además inhibió la frecuencia de la tos e incrementó el tiempo de latencia de la misma. En todas las muestras se detectaron glucosa, fructosa, sacarosa, maltosa y trehalosa. Fueron identificados ácido cumárico, ferúlico y elágico, quercetina y kaempferol. Conclusiones El estudio proporciona evidencia científica e información fundamental que validan su uso ancestral y que fomenten el consumo y la explotación de la miel de Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Yateí).Fil: Salomón, Viriginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Gennari, Gerardo Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Maldonado, Luis María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Cintia Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaI Encuentro Iberoamericano de Investigación en Ciencias Farmacéuticas y XIV Jornadas Día del FarmacéuticoArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de la Salu

Anti-Inflammatory Activity Evaluation of the Extract and Topical Pre-Formulation of Morus nigra Fruits

Natural products are often a source for bioactive compounds which have great potential for developing novel therapeutic agents. In this sense, the present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a gel containing Morus nigra leaf extract and to evaluate its anti-inflammatory (in-vivo) and antioxidant (in-vitro) activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Carrageenan-induced paw oedema. The antioxidant activity is evaluated by the lipid peroxidation inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging method. The results indicated that the extract (oral and topical route) and the blackberry gel (topical route) produced a significant anti-inflammatory activity (p < 0.05) compared to the untreated control, and similar to the reference drugs (ibuprofen and diclofenac). Regarding antioxidant activity, the Morus nigra extract also showed a significant activity in the tested models. Based on the above observations and results, mora gel formulation was found to be a promising anti-inflammatory formulation and further extensive in-vitro and in-vivo studies are warranted to evaluate its safety and biological potency and which may be useful for further clinical applications.Fil: Rojas, Isabel Patricia de Los Angeles. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia. Instituto de Estudios Farmacologicos - Farmacoquimica.; ArgentinaFil: Balderrama Coca, María Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia. Instituto de Estudios Farmacologicos - Farmacoquimica.; ArgentinaFil: Villagra, Josefina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia. Instituto de Estudios Farmacologicos - Farmacoquimica.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Bejarano, Gabriela del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia. Instituto de Estudios Farmacologicos - Farmacoquimica.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Reynoso, Marcos Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin