Análisis del potencial turístico para el desarrollo de deportes de aventura, en la comunidad de Santa Marianita de Caliche, cantón Mira, provincia del Carchi

Crear una agencia operadora de turismo Hatum Dreams como una empresa promotora de deportes de aventura en la comunidad Santa Marianita de Caliche, cantón Mira.La investigación propuesta tiene por finalidad realizar un inventario de los principales recursos naturales que posee la comunidad Santa Marianita de Caliche, del cantón Mira, con características adecuadas para ser utilizados en actividades turísticas que complementen y amplíen la oferta turística local, atrayendo un mayor número de turistas, alineándose con estas iniciativas a las nuevas tendencias de turismo a nivel mundial, donde se busca ofrecer al visitante productos que promuevan la convivencia del visitante con el medio natural y social como sucede con los deportes de aventura, al ser consideradas acciones que proveen de adrenalina y nuevas experiencias a quien decide ejecutarlas. Para cumplir con lo descrito, se inicia definiendo el problema de investigación que consiste en la falta de aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales de la localidad para incentivar el turismo, situación que repercute directamente en la economía de la población. Esta breve descripción permite delimitar el accionar del trabajo a realizar con base a los siguientes objetivos, caracterizar la oferta turística actual de la comunidad Santa Marianita de Caliche, inventariar sus recursos turísticos para el desarrollo de deporte de aventura y a partir de ellos diseñar una agencia de viajes que los comercialice. La consecución de todas las etapas inmersas en el presente trabajo se realizan bajo las premisas de la investigación de campo, postulados que permiten organizar la información recopilada a través de entrevistas y encuestas de manera veraz. Los resultados esperados están relacionados con mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población, con la reactivación económica de la zona derivada de un emprendimiento turístico que utilice los recursos naturales para su principal promoción

Una nueva especie de Burksiella de México (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

A new species of trichogrammatid, Burksiella mexicana sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected in Tamaulipas, Mexico, using morphological characters.Se describe una nueva especie de tricogramátido, Burksiella mexicana sp. nov., con base en especímenes colectados en Tamaulipas, México, mediante caracteres morfológicos

Chronic Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water Causes Alterations in Locomotor Activity and Decreases Striatal mRNA for the D2 Dopamine Receptor in CD1 Male Mice

Arsenic exposure has been associated with sensory, motor, memory, and learning alterations in humans and alterations in locomotor activity, behavioral tasks, and neurotransmitters systems in rodents. In this study, CD1 mice were exposed to 0.5 or 5.0 mg As/L of drinking water for 6 months. Locomotor activity, aggression, interspecific behavior and physical appearance, monoamines levels, and expression of the messenger for dopamine receptors D1 and D2 were assessed. Arsenic exposure produced hypoactivity at six months and other behaviors such as rearing and on-wall rearing and barbering showed both increases and decreases. No alterations on aggressive behavior or monoamines levels in striatum or frontal cortex were observed. A significant decrease in the expression of mRNA for D2 receptors was found in striatum of mice exposed to 5.0 mg As/L. This study provides evidence for the use of dopamine receptor D2 as potential target of arsenic toxicity in the dopaminergic system

Circulating levels of sclerostin are associated with cardiovascular mortality

Cardiovascular diseases are a health problem throughout the world, especially in people with diabetes. The identification of cardiovascular disease biomarkers can improve risk stratification. Sclerostin is a modulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in different tissues, and it has recently been linked to vascular biology. The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between circulating sclerostin levels and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. We followed up a cohort of 130 participants (mean age 56.8 years; 48.5% females; 75 with type 2 diabetes; 46 with prevalent cardiovascular disease) in which serum sclerostin levels were measured at the baseline. Time to death (both of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes) was assessed to establish the relationship between sclerostin and mortality. We found that serum sclerostin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with prevalent cardiovascular disease (p<0.001), and independently associated with cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.008), showing sclerostin to be a stronger predictor of mortality than other classical risk factors (area under the curve = 0.849 vs 0.823). The survival analysis showed that an increase of 10 pmol/L in the serum sclerostin level resulted in a 31% increase in cardiovascular mortality. However, no significant association was observed between sclerostin levels and non-cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.346). From these results, we conclude that high sclerostin levels are related to mortality due to cardiovascular causes. The clinical implication of these findings is based on the possible use of serum sclerostin as a new biomarker of cardiovascular mortality risk in order to establish preventive strategies.The authors declare that this work was support in part by Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social (Junta de Andalucía) Grants (PI0207-2016 to Dr. Beatriz García-Fontana), and Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) Grants (PI12/02141, PI15/01207 to Dr. Manuel Muñoz-Torres), with co-financing from FEDER. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript and there was no additional external funding received for this study

Application of digital architectural photogrammetry on conservation of heritage buildings

Este artículo sintetiza los aspectos fundamentales de la investigación sobre la aplicación de la fotogrametría digital con el fin de mantener y/o recuperar los valores del patrimonio histórico de una nación, estimulando la conciencia de realizar remodelaciones en las obras arquitectónicas para su conservación, previendo catalogar cada época, para conformar un registro fotográfico que permita con posterioridad tratamientos de restauración o reconstrucción de inmuebles (medición, levantamiento, creación de planos y otros detalles), siguiendo los lineamientos de rigurosidad propuestos al respecto por los principales organismos nacionales e internacionales: Consejo Internacional de Monumentos y Sitios, Comité Internacional de Fotogrametría Arquitectural. El trabajo tiene el objetivo de proponer una técnica simple de fotogrametría en combinación con Sistemas de Información Geográfica SIG para realizar acciones de conservación del patrimonio edificado del casco histórico de la ciudad de Holguín, Cuba. Se propone la cámara digital como herramienta para este tipo de levantamientos, exponiendo sus características más importantes para tal fin.Abstract: This article concerns the application of digital photogrammetry in order to maintain and/or restore historic heritage valuesof a nation, stimulating awareness of perform ingarchitectural remodeling works for conservation, providing catalog every time, to form A photographic record after allowing restoration treatments or reconstruction of buildings (measuring, surveying, building plans and other details), following stringent guidelines proposed in this regard by leading national and international organizations: International Council on Monuments and Sites, International Committee of Architectural Photogrammetry. This work aims proposing a simple technique of photogrammetry in combination with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to conservation actions of the historic of Holguin city´s built heritage, Cuba. Digital camera is proposed as a tool for this type of survey, giving the most important features for this purpose

Arqueología en el sur de Tenerife. El mito de los paraderos pastoriles

La intervención realizada en los yacimientos de superficie del Conjunto Arqueológico Abama ha contribuido a profundizar en el modelo de poblamiento prehispánico del sur de la isla de Tenerife. La discusión que se plantea en este trabajo se centra en el debate en torno al concepto de «paradero pastoril», funcionalidad que tradicionalmente se le ha otorgado a estos sitios, la mayor parte de las veces sin un posicionamiento teórico definido.The intervention realised on the sites of the Archaelogical Abama complex has contributed to the deepening knowledge of the pre-hispanic population in the south of the Island of Tenerife. The discussion of this project is centred on the debate around the concept of the functional pastoral camp which has traditionally been assigned to these sites, the majority of times without a theoretically defined position

Análisis del nicho climático de Coryphantha durangensis (Runge ex Schum.) Britton y Rose, 1923 e identificación de zonas potenciales para su conservación ante el cambio climático

Coryphantha durangensis it is an endemic cactus that lives in Mexico, in the center of the Chihuahuan desert, and is considered as Special Protection by the NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 One of the greatest threats to this species is climate change and habitat loss. In the present study, the climatic niche of C. durangensis was evaluated and the habitat availability of this species was modeled using the MaxEnt algorithm under current climate conditions and future. The results show a reduction in the geographical areas that present climatically suitable conditions for the presence of this species for the year 2050 and 2070, however, four sites were identified that could be proposed as conservation areas for this and other species that cohabit in these zones.Coryphantha durangensis es una cactácea endémica que habita en México, en el centro del desierto Chihuahuense, y está considerada en la categoría de Protección Especial por la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. Una de las mayores amenazas para esta especie es el cambio climático y pérdida de idoneidad climática para su presencia, en el presente estudio se evaluó el nicho climático de C. durangensis y se modeló la disponibilidad climática de esta especie mediante el algoritmo MaxEnt bajo condiciones del clima actual y futuro. Los resultados muestran una reducción en las zonas geográficas que presentan condiciones climáticamente adecuadas para la presencia de esta especie para el año 2050 y 2070. Sin embargo, se identificaron cuatro sitios que podrían ser propuestos como áreas de conservación para ésta y otras especies que cohabitan en estas zonas

General Microbiota of the Soft Tick Ornithodoros turicata Parasitizing the Bolson Tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

The general bacterial microbiota of the soft tick Ornithodoros turicata found on Bolson tortoises (Gopherus flavomarginatus) were analyzed using next generation sequencing. The main aims of the study were to establish the relative abundance of bacterial taxa in the tick, and to document the presence of potentially pathogenic species for this tortoise, other animals, and humans. The study was carried-out in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve in the northern-arid part of Mexico. Bolson tortoises (n = 45) were inspected for the presence of soft ticks, from which 11 tortoises (24.4%) had ticks in low loads (1–3 ticks per individual). Tick pools (five adult ticks each) were analyzed through 16S rRNA V3–V4 region amplification in a MiSeq Illumina, using EzBioCloud as a taxonomical reference. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) revealed 28 phyla, 84 classes, 165 orders, 342 families, 1013 genera, and 1326 species. The high number of taxa registered for O. turicata may be the result of the variety of hosts that this tick parasitizes as they live inside G. flavomarginatus burrows. While the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, the most abundant species were two endosymbionts of ticks (Midichloria-like and Coxiella-like). Two bacteria documented as pathogenic to Gopherus spp. were registered (Mycoplasma spp. and Pasteurella testudinis). The bovine and ovine tick-borne pathogens A. marginale and A. ovis, respectively, were recorded, as well as the zoonotic bacteria A. phagocytophilum,Coxiella burnetii, and Neoehrlichia sp. Tortoises parasitized with O. turicata did not show evident signs of disease, which could indicate a possible ecological role as a reservoir that has yet to be demonstrated. In fact, the defense mechanisms of this tortoise against the microorganisms transmitted by ticks during their feeding process are still unknown. Future studies on soft ticks should expand our knowledge about what components of the microbiota are notable across multiple host–microbe dynamics. Likewise, studies are required to better understand the host competence of this tortoise, considered the largest terrestrial reptile in North America distributed throughout the Chihuahuan Desert since the late Pleistocene

Los concheros de La Fuente: consideraciones metodológicas y resultados preliminares

Presentamos un estudio preliminar del Conchero de El Tinajero, que forma parte del Conjunto Arqueológico La Fuente (Buenavista del Norte). Aportamos los datos para su caracterización arqueológica y su explicación histórica en el contexto de las actividades productivas de los guanches.We show a preliminary study of the Conchero de El Tinajero which is part of the state archaelogist La Fuente (Buenavista del Norte). We bring forward the facts to the archaeologist typify and the historical explain on the context of guanches’ productive activities