206 research outputs found
Three rare lignicolous fungi from Sicily (S Italy)
Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl., Oligoporus mappa (Overh. & Lowe) Gilbn. & Ryvarden and Inonotus rickii (Pat.) D.A. Reid. are reported for the first time from Sicily (southern Italy). Ecological and distributive features on the three relevant species are also here provided
Two Rare Northern Entoloma Species Observed in Sicily under Exceptionally Cold Weather Conditions
The biology and ecology of many Entoloma species is still poorly known as well as their geographical distribution. In Italy, there are no studies on the influence of weather on fungal abundance and richness and our knowledge on the ecology and distribution of Entoloma species needs to be improved. The discovery of two Entoloma species in Sicily (southern Italy), reported in the literature as belonging to the habitat of north European countries, was the basis leading to the assumption that anomalous climatic conditions could stimulate the growth of northern entolomas in the southernmost Mediterranean regions. The results of this study show that the presence of northern Entoloma species in Sicily is not influenced by the Mediterranean type of vegetation, by edaphic or altitudinal factors but by anomalous climatic trends of precipitations and temperatures which stimulate the fructification of basidiomata in correspondence with a thermal shock during autumn
Plant diversity in old-growth woods: the case of the forest edges of the Favorita Park in Palermo (north-western Sicily, Italy)
This article presents the results of a study on plant diversity at different levels in residual forest stands, located in the historical Favorita Park in Palermo, Italy (established and named in 1799 by King Ferdinand IV of the House of Bourbon). These forest aspects have naturally evolved for over two centuries, under minimal conditions of anthropogenic disturbance (e.g. deforestation, fires, grazing activities, etc.). This is especially true in the area known as âBosco Niscemiâ, spread over about 8.5 hectares, in the centre of the park. Bosco Niscemi is characterized by the widespread presence of old trees, abundant necromass and litter. In this study, four different soil profiles were analysed, and classified as follows: (i) Solimovic Regosol (Arenic); ii) Eutric Arenosol (Chromic); (iii) and (iv) Skeletic Regosol (Ochric). From a phytosociological point of view, four forest communities have been identified, two of which are described as new associations (Viburno tini-Phillyreetum latifoliae ass. nova and Teucrio flavi-Phillyreetum latifoliae ass. nova). The species richness was also found to be noteworthy, with the co-occurrence of several taxa (phanerogams and cryptogams) that are of biogeographic interest or rare in Sicily, including: i) vascular flora (e.g. Viburnum tinus and Arbutus unedo, both very rare throughout the western sector of Sicily); ii) bryophytes [Cryphaea heteromalla (new record of a very rare species in Sicily) as well as Hypnum cupressiforme and Leptodon smithii, also never previously found at such low altitudes]; iii) lichens (e.g. Bacidia rosella, Gyalecta derivata, Ramalina roesleri and Waynea stoechadiana); iv) mushrooms (e.g. Eichleriella leucophaea, only known location in Italy). Based on the scientific documentation produced in this study, these woods can be reported as âold-growth forestsâ to be included in the âNational Networkâ that has been recently established in Italy (Ministerial Decree of 23 June 2023). This area might serve as an ideal control for urban environmental studies, given its pristine ecological setting
Three rare lignicolous fungi from Sicily (S Italy)
Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl., Oligoporus mappa (Overh. & Lowe) Gilbn. & Ryvarden and Inonotus rickii (Pat.) D.A. Reid. are reported for the first time from Sicily (southern Italy). Ecological and distributive features on the three relevant species are also here provided
Tamarix arborea var. arborea and Tamarix parviflora: Two species valued for their adaptability to stress conditions
The choice of stress resistant and highly adaptable species is a fundamental step for landscaping and ornamental purposes in arid and coastal environments such as those in the Mediterranean basin. The genus Tamarix L. includes about 90 species with a high endurance of adversity. We investigated the water relations and photosynthetic response of Tamarix arborea (Sieb. ex Ehrenb.) Bge. var. arborea and T. parviflora DC. growing in an urban environment. Both species showed no evidence of drought or salt stress in summer, and appeared to follow two strategies with T. arborea var. arborea investing in high carbon gain at the beginning of the summer, and then reducing photosynthetic activity at the end of the season, and T. parviflora showing lower but constant levels of photosynthetic activity throughout the vegetative season. For landscaping and ornamental purposes, we suggest T. arborea var. arborea when a fast-growing, high-cover species is necessary, and T. parviflora when less-invasive species are required
INFLUENCE OF FELDENKRAIS METHOD ON SPINE HEALTH IN PROFESSIONAL ORCHESTRAL MUSICIANS. PILOT STUDY/INFLUENZA DEL METODO FELDENKRAIS SULLA SALUTE DEL RACHIDE IN MUSICISTI ORCHESTRALI PROFESSIONISTI. STUDIO PILOTA
Obiettivo: Lo scopo di questo studio Ăš stato quello di esaminare se il Metodo
Feldenkrais fosse utile per migliorare la flessibilitĂ muscolare e ridurre il
dolore alla schiena in musicisti orchestrali professionisti.
Materiali e metodi: Diciassette partecipanti sono stati reclutati da un
orchestra sinfonica di Palermo (Italia) e divisi casualmente in un gruppo di
controllo (C, n = 8) e un gruppo Feldenkrais (F, n = 9). Il primo non ha
partecipato al protocollo Feldenkrais e a qualsiasi altra attivitĂ fisica; mentre
il secondo ha preso parte ad un programma costituito da quattro lezioni di
gruppo di Consapevolezza Attraverso il Movimento (CAM) eseguito 2 ore
alla settimana per 4 settimane. Al fine di valutare lo stato di salute della
colonna vertebrale, abbiamo usato il sit-and-reach test ed il trunk lift test. Le
differenze all'interno di ogni gruppo e tra il gruppo C e il gruppo F sono state
rispettivamente esaminate con il test di Wilcoxon e quello di Mann-Whitney;
e considerate significative con p †0,05.
Risultati: La flessibilitĂ muscolare del bicipite femorale e della regione
lombare, e la forza, la flessibilitĂ e la resistenza dei muscoli estensori del
tronco era leggermente aumentata nel gruppo F rispetto al gruppo C dopo il
protocollo Feldenkrais; anche se questa variazione non era statisticamente
significativa. Diversamente, il gruppo C ha mostrato una riduzione del 5% in
entrambi i test dopo 4 settimane. Dopo il protocollo Feldenkrais, lâaltezza
del gruppo F era significativamente maggiore rispetto a prima del
trattamento. Inoltre, abbiamo trovato che il numero dei partecipanti, che
hanno dichiarato di avere dolore forte e frequente alla schiena e agli arti,
diminuiva durante il periodo di svolgimento del protocollo Feldenkrais.
Questo effetto era maggiore nella regione cervicale rispetto a quella lombare
e agli arti superiori.
Conclusioni: I nostri risultati mostrano che il Metodo Feldenkrais ha effetti
positivi sulla flessibilitĂ muscolare e supporta l'uso di questo metodo per
sciogliere le tensioni e le contrazioni muscolari che possono causare dolore
nei musicisti orchestrali professionisti.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore whether Feldenkrais
Method was useful for improving muscular flexibility and reducing back
pain in professional orchestral musicians.
Materials and methods: Seventeen participants were recruited from a
symphony orchestra of Palermo (Italy) and randomly divided in a control
group (C, n=8) and a Feldenkrais group (F, n=9). The first didnât participate
in the Feldenkrais protocol and any other physical activity; while the second
took part into a program consisting of four Awareness through movement
(ATM) classes performed 2 hours/week for 4 weeks. In order to assess
muscle fitness of spine, we used sit-and-reach and trunk lift test. The
differences within each group and between C and F groups were respectively
examined with Wilcoxon matched pair test and Mann-Whitney test; and
considered significant with pâ€0.05.
Results: The muscular flexibility of hamstring and low back, and trunk
extensor strength, flexibility and endurance slightly increased in F group
compared with C group after Feldenkrais protocol even if this variation was
not statistically significant. Differently, C group showed a reduction by 5%
in both tests after 4 weeks. After Feldenkrais protocol, height of F group was
significantly bigger than before treatment. Moreover, we found that the
number of participants, who stated to have strong and frequent pain in the
back and limbs, decreased during performing the Feldenkrais protocol. This
effect was bigger in the cervical than lumbar spine and upper limbs.Conclusion: Our outcomes illustrate that Feldenkrais method has positive
effects on muscle flexibility and supports the use of this method for
dissolving muscle tensions and contractions that can cause pain in
professional orchestral musicians
Pleurotus nebrodensis (Basidiomycota), a rare endemic mushroom of Sicily: current and future issues
This paper deals with the basidiomycete Pleurotus nebrodensis, one of the rare examples of endemic fungi in Italy and Europe. After clarifying the taxonomy of this taxon, including a comparison with a species from China misidentified as âPleurotus nebrodensisâ, we describe the characteristics of its natural habitat, and provide a new morphological description and information on its pilot-scale cultivation, current conservation status according to IUCN criteria and conservation strategies. New ITS region sequences were deposited in GenBank. Furthermore, the antibacterial and anti-cancer properties of P. nebrodensis are mentioned, making it a potential medicinal mushroom. Finally, a critical analysis, on a phylogenetic basis, of the Italian production of substrates inoculated with âP. nebrodensisâ strains is also included
The Genetics of Non-Syndromic Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review
Several causes for primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) have been described, including iatrogenic and environmental factor, viral infections, chronic disease as well as genetic alterations. The aim of this review was to collect all the genetic mutations associated with non-syndromic POI. All studies, including gene screening, genome-wide study and assessing genetic mutations associated with POI, were included and analyzed in this systematic review. Syndromic POI and chromosomal abnormalities were not evaluated. Single gene perturbations, including genes on the X chromosome (such as BMP15, PGRMC1 and FMR1) and genes on autosomal chromosomes (such as GDF9, FIGLA, NOBOX, ESR1, FSHR and NANOS3) have a positive correlation with non-syndromic POI. Future strategies include linkage analysis of families with multiple affected members, array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) for analysis of copy number variations, next generation sequencing technology and genome-wide data analysis. This review showed variability of the genetic factors associated with POI. These findings may help future genetic screening studies on large cohort of women
Understanding Ovarian Hypo-Response to Exogenous Gonadotropin in Ovarian Stimulation and Its New Proposed MarkerâThe Follicle-To-Oocyte (FOI) Index
Hypo-responsiveness to controlled ovarian stimulation is an undervalued topic in reproductive medicine. This phenomenon manifests as a low follicles output rate (FORT) with a discrepancy between the relatively low number of pre-ovulatory follicles which develop following ovarian stimulation as compared to the number of antral follicles available at the start of stimulation. The pathophysiology mechanisms explaining the ovarian resistance to gonadotropin stimulation are not fully understood, but the fact that both hypo-responders and normal responders share similar phenotypic characteristics suggests a genotype-based mechanism. Indeed, existing evidence supports the association between specific gonadotropin and their receptor polymorphisms and ovarian hypo-response. Apart from genotypic trait, environmental contaminants and oxidative stress might also be involved in the hypo-response pathogenesis. The ratio between the number of oocytes collected at the ovum pick up and the number of antral follicles at the beginning of OS [Follicle to oocyte index (FOI)] is proposed as a novel parameter to assess the hypo-response. Compared with traditional ovarian reserve markers, FOI might reflect most optimally the dynamic nature of follicular growth in response to exogenous gonadotropin. In this review, we contextualize the role of FOI as a parameter to identify this condition, discuss the underlying mechanisms potentially implicated in the pathogenesis of hypo-response, and appraise possible the treatment strategies to overcome hyper-responsiveness to gonadotropin stimulation
Comparison of two schizophyllum commune strains in production of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidants from submerged cultivation
In recent years, fungi have been recognized as producers of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, agents important for the prevention of Alzheimerâs disease (AD). This study aimed to examine the AChE inhibitory, the antioxidative and antibacterial activity of two different Schizophyllum commune strains that originated from Serbia (SRB) and Italy (IT). Submerged cultivation of grown mycelia (M) and fermentation broth (F) of ethanol (EtOH) and polysaccharide (PSH) extracts lasted for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. For AChE activity Ellman method was performed, while for antioxidative activity, sevendifferent assays were conducted: DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOA, OH, NO together with total phenolic content. Antimicrobial screen, LCâMS/MS technique and FTIR measurements were performed. Different isolates exhibited different AChE activity, with PSH being the strongest (SRB, M, 28 days IC90 79.73 ± 26.34 ”g/mL), while in EtOH extracts, IT stood out (F, 14 days, IC50 0.8 ± 0.6 ”g/mL). PSH extracts (7 days) exhibit significant antioxidative activity (AO), opposite to EtOH extracts where 14 and 21days periods stood out. Only tw extracts showed antibacterial activity. Following LCâMS/MS analysis p-hydroxybenzoic and gallic acids were the most abundant phenolics. PSH extracts demonstrated remarkable results, making this study debut and introducing S. commune as a valuable resource of AChE inhibitors
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