Molecular characterization and virulence analysis of Fusarium oxysporum strains used in biological control of Striga hermonthica

Molecular characterization of twenty-eight strains of Fusarium oxysporum using vegetative compatibility grouping and SCAR primers allowed the taxonomic confirmation of the strigae forma specialis of this fungal species. Field studies examined the virulence of three strains (M12-4A, PSM 197 and Foxy 2) inoculated in various formulations. The experiment pursued the goal of integrating several weed control measures in both maize and sorghum crops. Elements of plant breeding and Striga germination inhibitors were tested alongside of the use of a mycoherbicide. The field research was repeated in a dry climate (Eastern Burkina Faso) and in a region of abundant rainfalls (Eastern Benin) to examine effects of environmental conditions on fungus efficacy. Application of F. oxysporum was especially beneficial in maize, and when combined with a resistant cultivar, lead up to 99.7% of reduction in Striga emergence. Results will further encourage the development of several strains as viable and environmentally safe biocontrol agents to be used against Striga hermonthica.L'analyse moléculaire de vingt-huit souches de Fusarium oxysporum a été conduite en utilisant la méthode de compatibilité végétative ainsi qu'une paire d'amorces SCAR. Les résultats confirment la taxonomie forma specialis strigae de cette espèce fongique. Des essais en champ visant à comparer la virulence de trois souches (M12-4A, PSM 197 et Foxy 2) inoculées selon divers procédés ont été réalisés. L'expérience visait à intégrer plusieurs méthodes de répression de Striga dans des cultures de maïs et de sorgho. Par exemple, des variétés résistantes à la plante parasite ont été utilisées en combinaison avec le bioherbicide et des acides aminés limitant la germination des graines de Striga. Les essais ont été répétés dans un climat sec (Est du Burkina Faso) et dans un climat pluvial (Est du Bénin) afin d'évaluer l'efficacité du champignon dans différentes conditions climatiques. L'application de F. oxysporum s'est notamment avérée bénéfique dans la culture du maïs. Lorsque utilisé en association avec la variété résistante de cette culture, le champignon a réduit de 99.7% l'émergence de Striga. Ces données encourageront le développement de plusieurs isolats comme agent de lutte biologique contre la Striga hermonthica

Global Open Health Data Cooperatives Cloud in an Era of COVID-19 and Planetary Health

Big data in both the public domain and the health care industry are growing rapidly, for example, with broad availability of next-generation sequencing and large-scale phenomics datasets on patient-reported outcomes. In parallel, we are witnessing new research approaches that demand sharing of data for the benefit of planetary society. Health data cooperatives (HDCs) is one such approach, where health data are owned and governed collectively by citizens who take part in the HDCs. Data stored in HDCs should remain readily available for translation to public health practice but at the same time, governed in a critically informed manner to ensure data integrity, veracity, and privacy, to name a few pressing concerns. As a solution, we suggest that data generated from high-throughput omics research and phenomics can be stored in an open cloud platform so that researchers around the globe can share health data and work collaboratively. We describe here the Global Open Health Data Cooperatives Cloud (GOHDCC) as a proposed cloud platform-based model for the sharing of health data between different HDCCs around the globe. GOHDCC's main objective is to share health data on a global scale for robust and responsible global science, research, and development. GOHDCC is a citizen-oriented model cooperatively governed by citizens. The model essentially represents a global sharing platform that could benefit all stakeholders along the health care value chain

Global Open Health Data Cooperatives Cloud in an Era of COVID-19 and Planetary Health

Big data in both the public domain and the health care industry are growing rapidly, for example, with broad availability of next-generation sequencing and large-scale phenomics datasets on patient-reported outcomes. In parallel, we are witnessing new research approaches that demand sharing of data for the benefit of planetary society. Health data cooperatives (HDCs) is one such approach, where health data are owned and governed collectively by citizens who take part in the HDCs. Data stored in HDCs should remain readily available for translation to public health practice but at the same time, governed in a critically informed manner to ensure data integrity, veracity, and privacy, to name a few pressing concerns. As a solution, we suggest that data generated from high-throughput omics research and phenomics can be stored in an open cloud platform so that researchers around the globe can share health data and work collaboratively. We describe here the Global Open Health Data Cooperatives Cloud (GOHDCC) as a proposed cloud platform-based model for the sharing of health data between different HDCCs around the globe. GOHDCC's main objective is to share health data on a global scale for robust and responsible global science, research, and development. GOHDCC is a citizen-oriented model cooperatively governed by citizens. The model essentially represents a global sharing platform that could benefit all stakeholders along the health care value chain

Effectiveness of self-management applications in improving clinical health outcomes and adherence among diabetic individuals in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: A variety of mobile health (mHealth) applications are available to monitor an individual's health or lifestyle to make it convenient to access healthcare facilities at home. The usability of mHealth applications in controlling HbA1c (estimated average blood glucose) levels is unclear despite their increasing use. The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the highest burden in the Indian population. Our objective is to identify the effectiveness of mHealth applications in managing blood glucose levels of individuals with T2DM and to assess the impact of using mHealth applications in managing T2DM concerning health-promoting behaviour among the LMICs in the context of India. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The electronic databases included for search are PubMed, Ovid Medline, EBSCO, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; additional sources of the search will be grey literature available on diabetes management websites and reference lists of included studies. Studies published in the English language in indexed and peer-reviewed sources will be considered. Studies reporting the effectiveness of mobile applications in the management of T2D in LMICs will be eligible for inclusion. The Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcomes framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement 2021 will be used for reporting. Data analysis will be carried out using narrative synthesis, and a meta-analysis may be conducted if we come across homogenous data for the outcome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: As this study is a systematic review, we will not be recruiting any participants for the study and hence will not require ethical approval. The study summary will be disseminated at a conference. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021245517

Effectiveness of self-management applications in improving clinical health outcomes and adherence among diabetic individuals in low and middle-income countries:a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: A variety of mobile health (mHealth) applications are available to monitor an individual’s health or lifestyle to make it convenient to access healthcare facilities at home. The usability of mHealth applications in controlling HbA1c (estimated average blood glucose) levels is unclear despite their increasing use. The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the highest burden in the Indian population. Our objective is to identify the effectiveness of mHealth applications in managing blood glucose levels of individuals with T2DM and to assess the impact of using mHealth applications in managing T2DM concerning health-promoting behaviour among the LMICs in the context of India. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The electronic databases included for search are PubMed, Ovid Medline, EBSCO, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; additional sources of the search will be grey literature available on diabetes management websites and reference lists of included studies. Studies published in the English language in indexed and peer-reviewed sources will be considered. Studies reporting the effectiveness of mobile applications in the management of T2D in LMICs will be eligible for inclusion. The Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcomes framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement 2021 will be used for reporting. Data analysis will be carried out using narrative synthesis, and a meta-analysis may be conducted if we come across homogenous data for the outcome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: As this study is a systematic review, we will not be recruiting any participants for the study and hence will not require ethical approval. The study summary will be disseminated at a conference. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021245517

Behavior of ice in the brittle range - a review

Brittle fracture of ice is the central and controlling phenomena in ice mechanics. Load prediction must include ice fracture mechanics and an understanding of the non-stationary nature of the roughness of the contact surface between ice and any structure.NRC publication: Ye