INSIGHT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF VENTILAGO MADERASPATANA LEAVES ON HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY UNDER STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective: The methanolic leaf extract of Ventilago maderaspatana (MEVML, 200 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]) was investigate to hepatoprotective activity under streptozotocin-induced (45 mg/kg b.w.) diabetic (Di) rats. Methods: In the present study, we determined the blood glucose levels, b.w., insulin, creatinine, and bilirubin levels in normal, Di, Di treated with MEVML and positive control rats. Results: The Di rats shown adverse changes in blood glucose levels, b.w., insulin, creatinine, and bilirubin levels when compared to other group rats. Reverse the adverse changes in the above parameters when treated the Di rats with MEVML Conclusion: The MEVML shown anti-diabetic activity and reverse the adverse changes in the above parameters in liver so that the MEVML supported the traditional claim of the hepatoprotective activity under Di condition

FGPA Implementation of Low-Complexity ICA Based Blind Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output OFDM Receivers

In this thesis Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based methods are used for blind detection in MIMO systems. ICA relies on higher order statistics (HOS) to recover the transmitted streams from the received mixture. Blind separation of the mixture is achieved based on the assumption of mutual statistical independence of the source streams. The use of HOS makes ICA methods less sensitive to Gaussian noise. ICA increase the spectral efficiency compared to conventional systems, without any training/pilot data required. ICA is usually used for blind source separation (BSS) from their mixtures by measuring non-Gaussianity using Kurtosis. Many scientific problems require FP arithmetic with high precision in their calculations. Moreover a large dynamic range of numbers is necessary for signal processing. FP arithmetic has the ability to automatically scale numbers and allows numbers to be represented in a wider range than fixed-point arithmetic. Nevertheless, FP algorithm is difficult to implement on the FPGA, because the algorithm is so complex that the area (logic elements) of FPGA leads to excessive consumption when implemented. A simplified 32-bit FP implementation includes adder, Subtractor, multiplier, divider, and square rooter The FPGA design is based on a hierarchical concept, and the experimental results of the design are presented

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GASTRO RETENTIVE MUCOADHESIVE MICROBEADS CONTAINING SIMVASTATIN WITH DIFFERENT CROSS LINKING AGENTS

Objective: The aim of the present work was to prepare and examine drug release of the oral controlled release microbeads using different curing agents by emulsification internal ionic gelation technique. Methods: Cross-linked alginate microbeads were prepared with different cross linking agents by using mucoadhesive properties. The formation and compatibility of microbeads were confirmed by compatibility studies. Prepared microbeads evaluated for encapsulated efficiency, micromeritic properties, drug loading, in vitro wash off studies, in vitro dissolution studies, drug release kinetics and stability studies Results: The in vitro drug release was influenced by both type of curing agents and type of polymers and no significant changes in characterization parameters was observed after 3 mo stability studies. The sustained release profile of optimized batch was found to be 99.66±0.18% in comparison to pure drug profile of 28.64±0.02% at 12 h release study. Results of both wash-off and in vitro studies suggests that batch (SF2) prepared with aluminium chloride has shown better mucoadhesive property. Drug release of optimized batch follows zero order with non fickian mechanism according to Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. Conclusion: The data suggest the use of simvastatin mucoadhesive cross linked microbeads to offer the potential for oral controlled drug delivery with improved gastric retention and capable to provide sustained drug release by using cross linking agents

INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM TWO SYZYGIUM SPECIES OF ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

Objective: The present investigation is carried out to study the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oils of two Syzygium species i.e. Syzygium alternifolium (SA) and S. samarangense (SS) leaves.Methods: The essential oils from S. alternifolium (SA) and S. samarangense (SS) leaves were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The oils were subjected to antimicrobial and antioxidant activities by using in vitro methods.Results: Essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydro distillation were analyzed through GC and GC-MS and resulted 25 compounds from each sample. SA leaf oil was dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons (53.53%) of which, β-mercene (24.04%), β-pinene (9.23%), β-trans-ocimene (9.2%), cyclofenchene (7.21%) and β-cis-ocimene (2.1%). Whereas SS leaf oil was dominated by sesquiterpene components i.e. viridiflorol (15.05%) α-cubebene (7.71%) and monoterpenes, i.e. β-pinene (11.64%), α-pinene (9.61%) and α-terpineol (5.19%). Both essential oils exhibited strong and broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial results showed that SA-leaf oil strongly inhibited Candida rugosa (CR), Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Staphyloccus aureus (ST), whereas SS-leaf oil strongly inhibited CR and Escherichia coli (EC). Among the test organisms, CR was strongly inhibited by both oils by expression of the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Further, both the test EOs exhibited concentration dependent DPPH scavenging activity indicating the significant antioxidant property.Conclusion: Syzygium alternifolium and S. samarangense leaf essential oils are the good source of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds, which can be used as natural therapeutic agents against human pathogenic organisms.Â

PHARMACOKINETIC DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN CLOPIDOGREL AND ESOMEPRAZOLE IN ADULT HEALTHY MALE VOLUNTEERS

Objective: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are known to impair cytochrome P2C19 mediated activation of clopidogrel, the antiplatelet agent used for cardiovascular risk prevention. Esomeprazole is an optical isomer of omeprazole with better efficacy and tolerability than conventional PPIs. Esomeprazole is often co-administered with clopidogrel considering the risk of associated gastrointestinal bleeding. This study was designed to determine the effect of esomeprazole on the mean pharmacokinetic profile clopidogrel.Methods: A total of 14 adult healthy male participants who volunteered participation were enrolled, randomized equally into two cross-over sequences, dosed with clopidogrel and clopidogrel + esomeprazole in respective periods. Blood samples were collected through antecubital or forearm vein indwelling catheter. Concentration of clopidogrel parent prodrug in isolated plasma was determined using validated sensitive liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic modeling was carried out using PKSOLVER add-in for Microsoft Excel.Results: The pharmacokinetic profile of clopidogrel was non-significantly altered by esomeprazole. Statistically significant difference in peak plasma concentration, apparent volume of distribution, and clearance of clopidogrel was observed only during period II in participants co-dosed with esomeprazole (p=0.0483, 0.0011, and 0.0015, respectively). All other primary and secondary pharmacokinetic parameters displayed minor alterations during either period (p>0.05).Conclusion: The non-significant alteration of clopidogrel pharmacokinetics by esomeprazole can be potentiated by underlying predisposing factors such as the presence of CYP2C19 allelic variants and increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Hence, co-administration of clopidogrel and esomeprazole should be under clinical monitoring and is not recommended in poor responders of antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel

A EVIDENCE MULTICOPY DYNAMIC DATA POSSESSION IN MULTI CLOUD COMPUTING SYSTEM

Now a day more and more organizations increasing and are opting for outsource data to remote cloud services provider .the customers can rent the CSPs storage infrastructures to stores and retrieves almost unlimited amount of data by paying fees metered in gigabyte/month. In this paper, proposes a map-based provable multicopy dynamic data possession (MB-PMDDP) scheme that’s has to follows features: 1) its provide an evidences to  customer that the CSPs is not going to  cheat by storing the copy of data; 2) its support outsourcing of dynamic data and its support block levels operation,  such as block modifications, insertion, deletion, and append; and 3) it allows authorized users to seamlessly access the file copies stored by the CSP. It gives a comparative analysis of the proposed MB-PMDDP scheme with a reference model obtained by extends existing provable possessions of dynamics single copies scheme.

Directional Correlation Study of Gamma Cascades in the Decay of Sb124

The delay scheme of sb124 studied and the gamma-gamma directional correlation measurements are carried out for few cascades.On the basis of the experimental data on directional correlations, the spin assignments are made for the 603, 1326, 1964, 2313, 2688 keV excited levels of Te124. Multipole assignments are made for 989, 1362 keV transitions

Lignolytic Enzymes of a Mushroom Stereum ostrea Isolated from Wood Logs

Production of lignolytic enzymes by the mushroom fungus Stereum ostrea in liquid medium under conditions of vegetative growth was examined for 10 days in comparison to the reference culture Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Though growth and secretion of extracellular protein by S. ostrea were comparable to those of P. chrysosporium, yields of laccase enzyme by S. ostrea were higher than laccase titres of P. chrysosporium by more than 2 folds on the peak production time interval (IVth day of incubation). S. ostrea yielded titres of 25 units of laccase/ml as against 8.9 units of laccase/ml on the IVth day of incubation. Stereum ostrea also exhibited activities of other lignolytic enzymes, lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), higher than the reference culture. Growth of S. ostrea on the medium in the presence of Remazol orange 16 resulted in the decolourisation of dye, confirming the presence of lignolytic enzymes. S. ostrea appears to be a promising culture with complete lignolytic system

Advent of English Communication Skills in India and Its Impact on Employability

The paper highlights the advent of the English language into the Indian sub-continent during various decades of the 20th century. The momentum of English usage has increased since the 1970s. The paper reiterates that many Commissions have advocated for Project- Method and Activity- Method to teach communication skills in English. It further reinforces that English is truly considered global and transcends the boundaries. Thereby, making the English learners not local citizens but global citizens. English is widely recognized as the world's lingua franca since it unites all peoples of the world linguistically and serves as the main medium of communication for trade, aviation, entertainment, and diplomacy as well as for scientific and technological activities. The incredible increase of graduates, post graduates and doctoral degree holders in various disciplines such as engineering, medicine, arts, science, humanities and management, has further brought forth challenges and competitions in the global market, and this has, however, posed a threat to the job seekers, who lack communicative competence in English. The majority of the top national and international businesses, organizations, and academic institutions communicate in English for a variety of reasons, and the majority of online resources are in English

A randomized open label parallel group study comparing the safety, effectiveness and adherence between 2% fusidic acid cream versus 1% retapamulin ointment in children with impetigo

Background: Impetigo is a contagious bacterial skin infection that affects both adults and children. Topical antibacterials such as mupirocin and fusidic acid are the most commonly used in both primary and secondary impetigo. Clinical trials have shown high efficacy of retapamulin in the treatment of secondary impetigo. However, its use in primary impetigo is limited. To this purpose, we compared the safety, efficacy and adherence to treatment of fusidic acid with retapamulin in primary impetigo.Methods: A total of 50 patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary impetigo, between 2-12 years of age, having 0.05). Both drugs were well tolerated.Conclusions: Both fusidic and retapamulin showed similar clinical success in patients with primary impetigo. Since fusidic acid has anti-inflammatory property and its treatment is cost-effective, it can be considered as first-line treatment and retapamulin in fusidic acid-resistant impetigo