Comparative Analysis of PID and NARMA L2 Controllers for Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

The application of this paper firstly simplified mathematical model for heat exchanger process has been developed and used for the dynamic analysis and control design. A conventional PID controller and Advanced Artificial Neural Network NARMA L2 Controller for Shell and Tube heat exchanger is proposed to control the cold water outlet temperature and test the best efficiency of NARMA L2 and PID controller.The control problem formulated as outlet cold water temperature is controlled variable and the inlet hot water temperature is manipulated variable the minimum possible time irrespective of load and process disturbances.Simulation and verified the mathematical model of the controller has been done in MATLAB Simulink. From the simulation results the prime controller has been chosen by comparing the criteria of the response such as settling time, rise time, percentage of overshoot and steady state error.The Neural NetworkNARMA L2 controller is founded to give finest performance for Shell and Heat exchanger problem like temperature control. Later Need to compare Conventional PID and Advance Artificial Neural NetworkNARMA L2 Controller results which lead to decide which one is best for Chosen has a better performance than other

sCrop: A Novel Device for Sustainable Automatic Disease Prediction, Crop Selection, and Irrigation in Internet-of-Agro-Things for Smart Agriculture

Accepted Manuscript version of an article introducing the innovative idea of the Internet-of-Agro-Things (IoAT) with an explanation of the automatic detection of plant disease for the development of Agriculture Cyber-Physical System (ACPS). An accuracy of 99.24% is achieved by the proposed plant disease prediction framework

Present status of the estuarine flora of the Godavari and the Krishna

Volume: 88Start Page: 47End Page: 5

EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF DIPLOCYCLOS PALMATUS FRUITS ON ALBINO MICE

Objective: The present study is preplanned to assess the antimicrobial and analgesic activity of the collected plants of Diplocyclos palmatus from Moinabad, Ranga Reddy, Telangana. Methods: In this study, D. palmatus fruits were used to gain the ethanolic extract and were tested for the phytochemical screening, antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion method against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus) and to compare its effect with the marketed standard streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, and analgesic activity of plant was performed by tail clip, tails immersion, and radiant heat method. Results: The maximum zone of inhibition is shown in the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) compared to standard and control. The ethanolic extract of D. palmatus fruits was shown analgesic activity and it was found to be more remarkable when compared to the standard aspirin and control. From the results of three different methods at different dose of ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg followed by 0–5 min interval up to 30 min), tail immersion method at 200 mg/kg dose of the D. palmatus fruits extract was achieved good results i.e., in 10 min (11.4 ± 1.93) and 15 min (13.4 ± 1.63). In tail clip method, 400 mg/kg dose is in 10 min (11 ± 1.67) and 15 min (10 ± 0.707) achieved best output, while same thing radiant heat method 200 mg/kg dose of the D. palmatus fruits extract is in 10 min (11.3 ± 1.67) and 15 min (14 ± 1.82) achieved outstanding results. Conclusion: The analgesic and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of D. palmatus fruits are more significant compared to the other part of D. palmatus. Hence, the study concludes that the plant is having both analgesic and antimicrobial activity, and therefore, it can be used for various therapeutic purposes and further analysis

Synthesis and Characterization of Graft Copolymer of Dextran and 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane Sulphonic Acid

A novel biodegradable graft copolymer of dextran (Dx) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) was synthesized by grafting poly-AMPS chains onto dextran backbone by free radical polymerization using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. Different amounts of AMPS were used to synthesize four different grades of graft copolymers with different side chain lengths. These grafted polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, 1HNMR, rheological technique, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). They exhibited efficient flocculation performance in kaolin suspension

Use of endo-ovarian tissue biopsy and pelvic aspirated fluid for the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis by conventional versus molecular methods.

Til date, none of the diagnostic techniques available for the detection of female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) are 100% accurate. We therefore, proposed to use the endometrial tissue biopsies (ETBs), ovarian tissue biopsies (OTBs) and pelvic aspirated fluids (PAFs) for the diagnosis of FGTB among infertile women by conventional versus molecular methods.A total of 302 specimens were collected both from 202 infertile women highly suspected of having FGTB on laparoscopy examination and 100 control women of reproductive age. Out of 302 specimens, 150 (49.67%) were ETBs, 95 (31.46%) were OTBs and 57 (18.87%) were PAFs. All specimens were tested by conventional techniques, later compared with multi-gene PCR for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and correlated with laparoscopic findings. The presence of MTB DNA was observed in 49.5% of ETBs, 33.17% of OTBs and 5.44% of PAF specimens collected from highly suspected FGTB patients. All women of control group were confirmed as negative for tuberculosis. The conventional methods showed 99% to 100% specificity with a low sensitivity, ranging from 21.78% to 42.08% while hematoxylin and eosin staining showed a sensitivity of 51.48%. Multi-gene PCR was found to have much higher sensitivity of 70.29% with MTB64 gene, 86.63% with 19 kDa antigen gene at species and TRC4 element at regional MTB complex and 88.12% with 32 kDa protein gene at genus level. The specificity of multi-gene PCR was 100%. Compared with culturing and Ziehl-Neelsen's staining, multi-gene PCR demonstrated improvement in the detection of FGTB (χ2 = 214.612, 1 df, McNemar's test value <0.0001).We suggest site specific sampling, irrespective of sample type and amplification of the 19 kDa antigen gene in combination with TRC4 element as a successful multi-gene PCR for the diagnosis of FGTB and differentiation of mycobacterial infection among endo-ovarian tissue biopsies and PAFs taken from infertile women