Paper Session III-B - Prospects of utilization of the space-purpose temperature sensors for public and commercial use

For the temperature monitoring of units, mechanisms and technological manufacture processes use of sensors which convert temperature to electric signal is preferable. Metal and semiconductor resistance thermometers, thermocouples and thermodiodes are such sensors. Comparative characteristics of these sensors are given in Tab. 1. Temperature ranges which are subject to monitoring and control in a number of the most important branches of engineering are represented by Tab. 2. Comparison of these data shows that in majority of cases temperature has to be measured in the range of 190 ¸ 450 K. It appears that thermodiode sensors are the most suitable for this purpose because they are superior to all other sensors in sensitivity, output signal level, cost and simplicity of use. Their salient feature is the possibility of connection with the measuring unit by means of two-wire connection line of length from some tens meters to some kilometers

РАССЛОЕНИЕ ТВЕРДОГО РАСТВОРА GeSi НА ПОДЛОЖКАХ GaAs И Si

The electronic, optical and mechanical properties of heterosystems with Ge1−xSix solid solution films on the GaAs(x = 0–0.04) and Si (x = 0.75) substrates have been studied. We used electroreflectance modulation spectroscopy for the films and the substrates, classical spectroscopy in the intrinsic absorption region of the films and mechanical stress measurements in the films and in the substrate. We show that the Ge1−xSix films can change composition with the formation of other solid solution structures both during film depositionand under γ−irradiation. There is a possibility to reduce the mechanical stresses, to improve the electronic parameters of the films and the substrates at the interface, and to produce heterosystems without bending deformation.Изучены электронные, оптические и механические свойства гетеросистем Ge1−xSix на подложках GaAs (х = 0÷0,04) и Si (х = 0,75). Исследования проводили с помощью модуляционной спектроскопии электроотражения света для пленок и подложек, классической спектроскопии в области собственного поглощения пленок, измерения кривизны гетеросистем для определения знака и величины внутренних механических напряжений в них. Установлено изменение состава твердогo раствора с образованием новых структур как в процессе осаждения пленок, так и под влиянием γ−облучения. Найдена возможность уменьшения внутренних механических напряжений и улучшения электронных параметров пленки и подложки на границе раздела, а также получения гетеросистем с твердым раствором без деформации изгиба

Fruit-Surface Flavonoid Accumulation in Tomato Is Controlled by a SlMYB12-Regulated Transcriptional Network

The cuticle covering plants' aerial surfaces is a unique structure that plays a key role in organ development and protection against diverse stress conditions. A detailed analysis of the tomato colorless-peel y mutant was carried out in the framework of studying the outer surface of reproductive organs. The y mutant peel lacks the yellow flavonoid pigment naringenin chalcone, which has been suggested to influence the characteristics and function of the cuticular layer. Large-scale metabolic and transcript profiling revealed broad effects on both primary and secondary metabolism, related mostly to the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, particularly flavonoids. These were not restricted to the fruit or to a specific stage of its development and indicated that the y mutant phenotype is due to a mutation in a regulatory gene. Indeed, expression analyses specified three R2R3-MYB–type transcription factors that were significantly down-regulated in the y mutant fruit peel. One of these, SlMYB12, was mapped to the genomic region on tomato chromosome 1 previously shown to harbor the y mutation. Identification of an additional mutant allele that co-segregates with the colorless-peel trait, specific down-regulation of SlMYB12 and rescue of the y phenotype by overexpression of SlMYB12 on the mutant background, confirmed that a lesion in this regulator underlies the y phenotype. Hence, this work provides novel insight to the study of fleshy fruit cuticular structure and paves the way for the elucidation of the regulatory network that controls flavonoid accumulation in tomato fruit cuticle

Oscillation features of the thermal radiation from a heated crystal plate

The presented results show that the spectrum of thermal radiation from a semiconductor plate whose opposite faces are parallel to each other demonstrates an oscillating character. This is due to the interference effects in the Fabry-Perot resonator. The spectrum features strongly depend not only on the plate thickness, but also on such parameters as plasma frequency (\omega_{\ab{p}}) and damping coefficient (\gamma_{\ab{p}}). The electron-hole plasma frequency can be easily varied by photo-excitation, injection of electrons or holes, and other techniques. So one can hope that the study of thermal radiation from such semiconductor elements would allow developing new efficient and controlled IR radiation sources