Revisión de 13 especies de la familia Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) vectores de la enfermedad de Chagas, en México

Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, parasite responsible for Chagas disease, are divided in intradomestic, peridomestic andsylvatic. The intradomestic are Triatoma barberi and Triatoma dimidiata, two species that represent the highest healthrisk among the Mexican population. Triatoma dimidiata is a species found mainly inside human habitats, but inYucatan, it corresponds to the peridomicile vectors. Also in the peridomicile most of Chagas disease vectors arefound: Meccus bassolsae, M. longipennis, M. mazzottii, M pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M picturata, Triatomagerstaeckeri, T mexicana, T rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima (the last two are in the process of becoming adapted tothe domicile), Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus which occasionally enters the domicile in its adult stage, and Rhodniusprolixus, which is practically controlled in the country. Peridomestic vectors are of lower risk in the transmissiondynamics, as compared to the intradomestic ones. For the control of the intradomestic vectors, health educationprograms, improvements of housing, and the use of pesticides are essential To control the peridomestic vectors, healtheducation programs are required, as well as the use of mosquito nets on doors and windows and around beds, asidefrom cementing the stone wall fences.Los transmisores de Trypanosoma cruzi, flagelado causante de la enfermedad, se dividen en intradomiciliados,peridomiciliados y silvestres. Entre los intradomiciliados se encuentran, Triatoma barberi y Triatoma dimidiata, queson los que representan un mayor riesgo para la Salud Pública, en México. Aunque Triatoma dimidiata se encuentraprincipalmente dentro de la vivienda, en Yucatán tiene un comportamiento peridomiciliar, dentro de este grupo seencuentran la mayoría de los transmisores de la enfermedad de Chagas Meccus longipennis, M. mazzottii, M.pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M. picturatus, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T. mexicana, T. rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima,Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus y Rhodnius prolixus. Los transmisores peridomiciliados son de menor riesgo en ladinámica de transmisión comparados con los intradomiciliados. Para el control de los transmisores intradomiciliados,se deben emplear programas de educación para la salud, mejoramiento de vivienda e insecticidas; mientras que paralos vectores visitantes o peridomiciliados, son necesarios programas de educación para la salud, uso de mosquiteros,pabellones y cementación de las bardas de piedra

Triatoma mexicana Herrich-Schaeffer (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Descripción de la Genitalia Externa del Macho y Morfología Externa de la Hembra

Triatoma mexicana was originally described in 1848 by Herrich-Schaeffer, naming Conorhinus mexicanus Herrich-Schaeffer. Its finding is currently registered in the States of Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Querétaro, and San Luis Potosí. Studies about the spatial distribution, the entomological indices, it presence indoor an outdoor in houses, it biology and risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas show that it is an important species from the point of view of public health. With the purpose of extending the biological knowledge of this species, the present study is the description of the female as well as the external male genitalia, in specimens captured in the State of Guanajuato.Triatoma mexicana fue descrita originalmente en 1848 por Herrich-Schaeffer nombrándola Conorhinus mexicanus Herrich-Schaeffer. Actualmente se registra su hallazgo en los estados de Guanajuato, Hidalgo Querétaro y San Luis Potosí. Los estudios sobre su distribución espacial, índices entomológicos, presencia en el intradomicilio y peridomicilio, biología y riesgo de transmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas demuestran que es una especie importante desde el punto de vista de salud pública. Con el propósito de ampliar el conocimiento biológico sobre la especie, en el presente estudio se hace la descripción de la hembra así como la genitalia externa del macho, en ejemplares capturados en el estado de Guanajuato

New geographic record of Meccus mazzotti in the State of Morelos, Mexico

Background: Chagas disease is caused by the hemoflagellate parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted by more than 133 species of hematophagous triatomines of the family Reduviidae. There are 8 million infected people in the world and 25 million live in at-risk areas. More than 34 species of triatomine carriers have been reported in Mexico, and Meccus mazzotti is considered an endemic species of epidemiological importance. Methods: Since 2017, a continuous search for triatomines has been carried out in the community of Tlayacapan, Morelos, Mexico, with the objective of determining the species present in that community, for their taxonomic identification the keys of Lent and Wygodzinsky (1979) are used. Results: 106 specimens were captured, of these 105 were identified as M. pallidipennis and 1 as M. mazzotti. Conclusion: For the first time, we report the finding of M. mazzotti in the state of Morelos, a region in which M. pallidipennis and T. barberi have predominated, so it is necessary to continue the search for this new species in that state and to reinforce the control measures for these vectors

A revision of thirteen species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) vectors of Chagas disease in Mexico

Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, parasite responsible for Chagas disease, are divided in intradomestic, peridomestic and sylvatic. The intradomestic are Triatoma barberi and Triatoma dimidiata, two species that represent the highest health risk among the Mexican population. Triatoma dimidiata is a species found mainly inside human habitats, but in Yucatan, it corresponds to the peridomicile vectors. Also in the peridomicile most of Chagas disease vectors are found: Meccus bassolsae, M. longipennis, M. mazzottii, M pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M picturata, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T mexicana, T rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima (the last two are in the process of becoming adapted to the domicile), Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus which occasionally enters the domicile in its adult stage, and Rhodnius prolixus, which is practically controlled in the country. Peridomestic vectors are of lower risk in the transmission dynamics, as compared to the intradomestic ones. For the control of the intradomestic vectors, health education programs, improvements of housing, and the use of pesticides are essential To control the peridomestic vectors, health education programs are required, as well as the use of mosquito nets on doors and windows and around beds, aside from cementing the stone wall fences

The "CHARM" Policy Analysis Framework : Evaluation of Policies to Promote Immigrant Students' Resilience

This paper focuses on children with a migration background and conceptualises their migration experience as adversity. The paper adapts the resilience framework to understand how immigrant children can overcome adversity. The paper discusses policy models that can be derived from adopting a resilience approach to the measurement of immigrant students' integration prospects and proposes a policy analysis framework. The "CHARM" framework helps to assess the extent to which destination country policies and practices support the educational and socioemotional well-being of immigrant children. Namely, it evaluates whether policies consider 1) Cumulative adversity; adopt a 2) Holistic approach; consider 3) Adjustment as a dynamic process; identify a 4) Relational development; and implement a 5) Multilevel approach. The paper finally applies the CHARM framework to the education policies of Ontario, Canada and underscores the relevance of applying the CHARM framework across countries and jurisdictions to evaluate education policies that can promote the resilience of immigrant childre

A revision of thirteen species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) vectors of Chagas disease in Mexico

Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, parasite responsible for Chagas disease, are divided in intradomestic, peridomestic and sylvatic. The intradomestic are Triatoma barberi and Triatoma dimidiata, two species that represent the highest health risk among the Mexican population. Triatoma dimidiata is a species found mainly inside human habitats, but in Yucatan, it corresponds to the peridomicile vectors. Also in the peridomicile most of Chagas disease vectors are found: Meccus bassolsae, M. longipennis, M. mazzottii, M pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M picturata, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T mexicana, T rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima (the last two are in the process of becoming adapted to the domicile), Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus which occasionally enters the domicile in its adult stage, and Rhodnius prolixus, which is practically controlled in the country. Peridomestic vectors are of lower risk in the transmission dynamics, as compared to the intradomestic ones. For the control of the intradomestic vectors, health education programs, improvements of housing, and the use of pesticides are essential To control the peridomestic vectors, health education programs are required, as well as the use of mosquito nets on doors and windows and around beds, aside from cementing the stone wall fences.Los transmisores de Trypanosoma cruzi, flagelado causante de la enfermedad, se dividen en intradomiciliados, peridomiciliados y silvestres. Entre los intradomiciliados se encuentran, Triatoma barberi y Triatoma dimidiata, que son los que representan un mayor riesgo para la Salud Pública, en México. Aunque Triatoma dimidiata se encuentra principalmente dentro de la vivienda, en Yucatán tiene un comportamiento peridomiciliar, dentro de este grupo se encuentran la mayoría de los transmisores de la enfermedad de Chagas Meccus longipennis, M. mazzottii, M. pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M. picturatus, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T. mexicana, T. rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima, Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus y Rhodnius prolixus. Los transmisores peridomiciliados son de menor riesgo en la dinámica de transmisión comparados con los intradomiciliados. Para el control de los transmisores intradomiciliados, se deben emplear programas de educación para la salud, mejoramiento de vivienda e insecticidas; mientras que para los vectores visitantes o peridomiciliados, son necesarios programas de educación para la salud, uso de mosquiteros, pabellones y cementación de las bardas de piedra