Six simple guidelines for introducing new genera of fungi

We formulate five guidelines for introducing new genera, plus one recommendation how to publish the results of scientific research. We recommend that reviewers and editors adhere to these guidelines. We propose that the underlying research is solid, and that the results and the final solutions are properly discussed. The six criteria are: (1) all genera that are recognized should be monophyletic; (2) the coverage of the phylogenetic tree should be wide in number of species, geographic coverage, and type species of the genera under study; (3) the branching of the phylogenetic trees has to have sufficient statistical support; (4) different options for the translation of the phylogenetic tree into a formal classification should be discussed and the final decision justified; (5) the phylogenetic evidence should be based on more than one gene; and (6) all supporting evidence and background information should be included in the publication in which the new taxa are proposed, and this publication should be peer-reviewed

Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America R. Michael Davis , Robert Sommer , and John A Menge . 2012 . University of California Press , Berkeley, Los Angeles, London . 459 pp. ISBN 978-0-520-27107-4, 70.00,hardcover;ISBN978−0−520−27108−1,70.00, hardcover; ISBN 978-0-520-27108-1, 26

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Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Laccaria B. & Br.—II. Laccaria bicolor, L. fraterna, and L. Laccata var. Pallidifolia

Since our previous publication (Mueller & Vellinga, 1986), additional information concerning the nomenclature and synonymy of some names in the genus Laccaria has been obtained. Study of the holotypes of Laccaria laccata var. pseudobicolor M. Bon and L. affinis var. sardoa M. Bon revealed microscopic characters that support the view that these names should be placed in the synonymy of L. bicolor and L. laccata var. pallidifolia respectively

The genus Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota) in China

Species of the genus Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae) in China were investigated on the basis of morphology and DNA sequences data. Six species, i.e., M. detersa, M. dolichaula, M. mastoidea, M. orientiexcoriata, M. procera, and M. velosa are recognized, of which M. detersa and M. orientiexcoriata are new species. All of them are described and illustrated with line drawings, and a key is provided to those recognized species. The taxonomic uncertainty of M. crustosa, originally described from China, is also discussed. ITS sequences were used to support the new species delimitations and to test the conspecificity between the Chinese specimens and their relatives from other continents. Phylogenetic analyses identify three clades within Macrolepiota: /macrolepiota, /macrosporae, and /volvatae clade. /macrolepiota clade and /macrosporae clade respectively correspond to section Macrolepiota and section Macrosporae in Bon’s infrageneric classification. Section Volvatae is proposed to accommodate species with a volva but without clamp connections within Macrolepiota

Three New Species of <i>Cystolepiota</i> from Laos and Thailand

Cystolepiota Singer is rarely studied in Southeast Asia; here, we survey and describe three new species of Cystolepiota from tropical Laos and Thailand. Cystolepiota pyramidalis is related to C. fumosifolia (Murrill) Vellinga and C. pseudofumosifolia M.L. Xu & R.L. Zhao, but it is distinguished by pale to pastel yellow lamellae. Second, Cystolepiota thailandica differs from other members in the genus by the greyish-orange granulose or powdery pileus and stipe covering made up of globose to subglobose and sphaeropedunculate elements. Furthermore, Cystolepiota rhodella is characterized by the pink-violet granulose covering of the pileus and stipe and white lamellae with distinctly violet edges. Each species is provided with a full description of the morphological characters, photos in situ, line drawings of the microcharacters, discussion of related and similar species, and molecular data

Description of Lepiotaceous Fungal Species of the Genera <i>Chlorophyllum</i>, <i>Clarkeinda</i>, <i>Macrolepiota</i>, <i>Pseudolepiota</i>, and <i>Xanthagaricus</i>, from Laos and Thailand

In our ongoing research on lepiotaceous taxa (Agaricaceae s.l.) in Laos and northern Thailand, we focus here on Chlorophyllum, Clarkeinda, Macrolepiota, Pseudolepiota, and Xanthagaricus. Collections were obtained from various habitats, including agricultural habitats, grasslands, and rainforests. A total of 12 taxa were examined and investigated. Of these 12, two are new for science; viz. Xanthagaricus purpureosquamulosus with brownish-grey to violet-brown squamules on a pale-violet to violet background; it shares the pileus color with X. caeruleus and X. ianthinus, but differs in other characters; and Macrolepiota excelsa, rather similar to M. procera but related to M. detersa. Two species, Pseudolepiotazangmui and Xanthagaricus necopinatus are recorded for the first time in Thailand. Four species of Chlorophyllum and a total of four species of Macrolepiota were found, viz., C. demangei and C. hortense with white basidiospores, C. molybdites and C. globosum with green basidiospores, M. detersa, M. dolichaula, the new M. excelsa, and M. velosa. Another rather common striking species is Clarkeinda trachodes, with yellow-green basidiospores. Each species is described in detail, with color photographs and line drawings. Phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region, the large subunit nuclear ribosomal (nrLSU) DNA and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) genes provide evidence for the placement of the species covered