Theorizing the Language of Law

Attaching myself, then, to Giambattista Vico's idea of certainty (although not, of course, from his perspective) throughout this study I shall call "the space of certainty" the theoretical and conceptual construction (which is of both a philological and textual character) stipulated by the legislator in an attempt to control the distinct concepts related to the legal word, its institutional statute and its legal, moral, and cultural hermeneutics. I shall thus attempt to understand the meaning of this space of certainty, in what way it has been constructed, and how it affects legal, political, social, and cultural mechanisms

Grammar and Conversion in the Early Iberian Empire

Grammar is art. Not an art. It is the art among all arts. As Martin Irvine demonstrated in his beautiful book of 1994, this claim is not very new -it is perhaps as old as grammar, and as old as the greek concept of τέχνη. But it is useful to delve into it a little bit more, in order to understand the concrete issue of what did grammar and language teaching mean in Late Medieval Castile and Early Modern Iberian Empire -Spain

Manuscrito electrónico, alfabetización electrónica

Electronic literacy, digital humanities, and the electronic manuscript

Atomic Trinity

John Adams' Doctor Atomic. Music, opera, stage, and the composition of Doctor Atomic

City Knights: Urban Networking and City Life in Late Medieval Iberia

Civil uprisings, urban networking, and civil life, no matter how contemporary it is, must also be historicized. The genealogy of current international issues of global nature raises also the question of how and by what means city life and urban networking became a crucial element for the opposition of central powers, and why collective practices of power where thus devised in order to fight against monarchical and oligarchical models. Historicizing the uprisings also means to investigate into the procedures whereby urban networking and city life established lists and programs of concrete requests and structures of control that were put forth for negotiation in legally constituted assemblies. Historicizing is definitely a way to understand the process whereby a society is created by means of processes of association and assembling or re-assembling, giving us, thus, a better understanding of social movements in general (Latour 2005). Medieval chivalry. Medieval bourgeois organizations. Fraternities. Brotherhoods

Baseline Trends in Key Performance Indicators Among Colleges Participating in a Technology-Mediated Advising Reform Initiative

In 2015, 26 two- and four-year institutions received grants to help implement and sustain technology-mediated advising reforms. With support from these Integrated Planning and Advising for Student Success (iPASS) grants, the colleges launched or enhanced technologies and related structural and procedural changes that would enable them to provide holistic, long-term support to all students by 2018. CCRC is analyzing key performance indicators (KPIs) of short- and long-term student outcomes at these institutions—including those measuring credits earned, grade point average, progress in developmental and gateway courses, retention, and completion—to better understand progress made under the advising reforms. Recognizing an institution’s baseline level of performance prior to implementing a reform is critical to determining the reform’s effectiveness. This paper provides baseline KPIs for 22 of the 26 colleges that were awarded an iPASS grant. Prior to the start of their funded iPASS reforms, grantee colleges exhibited wide variation in KPIs, with four-year institutions generally exhibiting higher performance than two-year institutions. The analysis of multiple KPIs across a time period prior to the iPASS grant period establishes that outcomes on these measures remained relatively stable for several years across the institutions. This stability will allow CCRC to better interpret changes in the KPIs that may occur after the reforms are fully implemented

Innovación en la política turística española: análisis desde una perspectiva histórica

Comunicación presentada en el XVIII Congreso AECIT, Benidorm, 26-28 Noviembre 2014.El Estado es un agente favorecedor clave de la innovación que tiene lugar en el sistema turístico, tanto en el ejercicio de su función de diseñar e implantar política pública, como a partir del estímulo deliberado a la innovación. En esta investigación el análisis se centra en la innovación generada dentro de la política turística española que afecta a sus propias estructuras e instrumentos y se hace desde perspectiva histórica. El objetivo de este estudio es aplicar el concepto de la innovación, sobre el que se ha reflexionado fundamentalmente en un ámbito de mercado, al ámbito del diseño e implantación de políticas públicas que se rige por unos objetivos y reglas de funcionamiento distintas a la lógica del mercado. A partir de la observación rigurosa y sistemática de los instrumentos de la política turística del gobierno central se ha tratado de discriminar qué novedades reúnen las características necesarias para ser consideradas innovación por cuanto intensidad de cambio inducido, efectiva ejecución, impacto generado y ruptura respecto a lo previamente existente, requisitos considerados condición ineludible para su identificación como tal. El análisis demuestra que gobierno central en su ejercicio de diseño de políticas ha dado muestras de abundante creatividad y de un esfuerzo notable por introducir soluciones nuevas y cambios para dar respuesta a nuevos y antiguos problemas aunque no todos los intentos han desembocado en innovación. Se confirma, por tanto, que la innovación como resultado no es un fenómeno fácil ni frecuente. Ésta se ha identificado fundamentalmente en los instrumentos organizativos y programáticos de dicha política turística. Asimismo, los cambios institucionales radicales o las situaciones de crisis del sector han forzado a la búsqueda de estrategias más innovadoras y han constituido entornos más fértiles para la innovación.The estate is a key agent that influences innovation in the tourism system via its actions of public policy design and implementation and also its direct intervention to stimulate innovation. The analysis focuses on innovation in tourism policy that affects its own structures and instruments from a historical perspective in Spain. The aim of this study is to apply the concept of innovation, mainly thought from a market perspective, to the domain of public policies design and implementation which obeys rules and objectives different than the market. From a systematic and rigorous observation of central government tourism policy instruments an attempt to distinguish innovation has been made based on criteria such as intensity of induced change, effective implementation, impact and disruption from previous existent knowledge and action. The analysis shows that central government in its exercise of policy design has demonstrated a great deal of creativity and has made efforts to introduce new solutions and induce change to solve new and old problems. However, not all creative efforts have become innovation. It is thus confirmed that innovation is not frequent or an easy phenomenon. It has mainly been identified in the management and programmatic tourism policy instruments. Also radical institutional changes and crisis situations have stimulated the search for more innovative strategies and have constituted more fertile environments to innovation.La investigadora Isabel Rodríguez desarrolla su tesis doctoral en el marco del proyecto de investigación “Metodología, criterios y aplicaciones para la configuración de clusters en áreas turísticas consolidadas: innovación, complementariedad y competitividad territorial” (CSO2011-26396), financiado por el Plan Nacional de I+D+i del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Modelo de predicción para infección de sitio quirúrgico en pacientes post operados de cirugía colorrectal

OBJETIVO: Construir un modelo que pueda predecir infección de sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía colorrectal. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Un estudio observacional, analítico, de corte transversal fue llevado a cabo en el servicio de cirugía general del “Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo” de Lima, utilizando una muestra de 158 pacientes intervenidos de cirugía colorrectal entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2017. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados en forma bivariada y multivariada para posteriormente elaborar un modelo de predicción. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 68,47 ± 15,55 años en el grupo con ISQ y de 57,01 ± 15,46 años en el grupo sin ISQ (p=0,001). El género femenino fue de 50,94% en el grupo con ISQ y el masculino de 65,71% en el grupo sin ISQ (p=0,03; ORc 1,99; IC 95% [1,02-3,90]). El tipo de herida quirúrgica sucia fue de 54,72% en el grupo con ISQ y en el grupo sin ISQ el tipo de herida contaminada fue de 40% (p=0,001). En el análisis multivariado las variables que demostraron significancia estadística fueron la edad (p=0,018; ORa 1,03; IC 95% [1,01-1,06]), la hipoalbuminemia (p=0,001; ORa 10,62; IC 95% [3,14-35,97], transfusión sanguínea intraoperatoria (p=0,001; ORa 6,39; IC 95% [2,09-19,48]), la cirugía de emergencia (p=0,005; ORa 6,01; IC 95% [1,74-20,76]) y la herida de alto riesgo (p=0,006; ORa 5,14; IC 95% [1,62-16,39]). CONCLUSIONES: El modelo de predicción construido con variables clínicas y quirúrgicas permite la predicción de infección de sitio quirúrgico con una exactitud de 84%.OBJECTIVE: Create a model to predict surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out in the general surgery service of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo in Lima and 158 patients undergoing colorectal surgery between January 2012 and December 2017 were included. The data was analyzed in bivariate and multivariate form to later elaborate a prediction model. RESULTS: The mean age was 68.47 ± 15.55 years in the SSI group and 57.01 ± 15.46 years in the no SSI group (p = 0.001). The female gender was 50.94% in the SSI group and the male gender 65.71% in the no SSI group (p = 0.03, ORc 1.99, 95% CI [1.02-3.90 ]). The dirty surgical wound type was 54.72% in the SSI group and in the no SSI group the contaminated wound was 40% (p = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the variables that showed statistical significance were age (p = 0.018, ORa 1.03, 95% CI [1.01-1.06]), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.001; ORa 10.62; 95% [3,14-35,97], intraoperative blood transfusion (p = 0,001, ORa 6,39, 95% CI [2,09-19,48]), emergency surgery (p = 0,005; ORa 6 , 01, 95% CI [1.74-20.76]) and the high-risk wound (p = 0.006, ORa 5.14, 95% CI [1.62-16.39]). CONCLUSIONS: The predictive model constructed with clinical and surgical variables allows the prediction of surgical site infection with an accuracy of 84%.Tesi

Trends in Key Performance Indicators Among Colleges Participating in a Technology-Mediated Advising Reform Initiative

In 2015, 26 two- and four-year institutions received three-year grants to implement reforms consistent with the Integrated Planning and Advising for Student Success (iPASS) initiative. Grantees committed to launching or enhancing existing technologies and undertake related organizational changes that would enable them to provide more effective advising and support to all students. CCRC was engaged as a research partner to document the iPASS colleges’ implementation efforts and outcomes. CCRC analyzed key performance indicators (KPIs)—including student retention from the first to the second semester and first-term grade point average—using administrative data collected from all 26 participating institutions. This report describes trends in KPIs, aggregated by college sector and cohort, in the participating colleges from 2011 to 2017—from the period before the initiative started until about two years after the grants were awarded. Because iPASS reforms cannot easily be isolated from other reforms the colleges were carrying out, it is difficult to directly associate the modest changes observed over time in KPIs. This report also includes college scores on an iPASS development index, a weighted measure CCRC researchers created to gain insights into the level of adoption of iPASS technologies and practices across the 26 grantee institutions as of fall 2017, when colleges provided answers to an institutional survey about their efforts. The authors find that while no institution had fully implemented iPASS, at most institutions, substantial progress was being made