Effects of aerobic and strength training on aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and gene expression of lymphomonocytes in patients with stable CAD

This study examined the effectiveness, suitability, and safety of a mixed interval-type aerobic and strength training program (MIAST) on physical fitness in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) without history of myocardial infarction (MI). Twenty-three patients with stable CAD were randomly assigned to a MIAST (n = 12; mean age 58.6 years) or control (n = 11; 63.3 years) group. The MIAST group participated in the progressive training program twice a week for 21 weeks. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), workload, and exercise time were measured as were maximal muscle strength, serum lipids, glucose concentration, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of knee extensors. The safety and suitability of the program were assessed by wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring and exercise diaries. VO2peak (6.9%; P < 0.05) and exercise time (11.2%; P < 0.05) improved significantly after 12 weeks of training in the MIAST group compared to the control group. Muscle strength (19.9%; P < 0.05) and CSA (2.2%; P < 0.05) increased, and serum lipids and blood glucose tended to decrease after the training. The successful training program (increase in maximal oxygen uptake) increased the gene expression of oxygen metabolism and decreased the gene expression of inflammation pathways in lymphomonocytes. The MIAST program, including interval-type aerobic and strength training, was safe, did not cause any adverse effects, and led to significant improvements in physical fitness in patients with stable CAD.peerReviewe

Unobtrusive, low‐cost out‐of‐hospital, and in‐hospital measurement and monitoring system

Abstract Continuous monitoring of vital signs can be a life‐saving matter for different patient groups. The development is going toward more intelligent and unobtrusive systems to improve the usability of body‐worn monitoring devices. Body‐worn devices can be skin‐conformable, patch‐type monitoring systems that are comfortable to use even for prolonged periods of time. Herein, an intelligent and wearable, out‐of‐hospital, and in‐hospital four‐electrode electrocardiography (ECG) and respiration measurement and monitoring system is proposed. The system consists of a conformable screen‐printed disposable patch, a measurement unit, gateway unit, and cloud‐based analysis tools with reconfigurable signal processing pipelines. The performance of the ECG patch and the measurement unit was tested with cardiac patients and compared with a Holter monitoring device and discrete, single‐site electrodes