On Bivariate Pseudo-Logistic Distribution: Its Properties, Estimation and Applications

The literature has covered the features and uses of the traditional univariate and bivariate logistic distributions in great detail. It is reasonable to wonder, though, if logistic marginals and conditionals could exhibit a similar behavior. A phenomenon that is comparable to both bivariate exponential and bivariate normal distributions. In this study, we will concentrate on bivariate distributions where one family of conditionals is marginal and the other family is of logistic type. Pseudo-logistic distributions are the name for such distributions. Research on conditionally specified models has revealed, however, that only in cases where the variables are independent will logistic marginals and both conditionals be of the logistic form occur. We talk about the features of distributional aspects and how they are built using the original. Both the original and the new conditioning regimes are used in two different ways. Possible generalizations are also considered. We also provide an example of a Pseudo-logistic model application

Physiological and Behavioral Evidence of Auditory Processing Deficit in Children Suspected of Auditory Processing Disorder

A series of studies were carried out to examine the neural and behavioral processing of acoustic stimuli in children with suspected auditory processing disorder (sAPD). The click-evoked auditory brainstem responses recorded from children with sAPD and adults were analyzed using traditional clinical measures and detailed analysis seeking to explore the separate contributions of axonal conduction and synaptic transmission. Clinical measures revealed significant prolongation of absolute latencies and interwave intervals in children with sAPD compared to adults. Examination of responses delineating axonal vs. synaptic transmission showed frequent delays in synaptic factors and fewer instances of delays related to axonal conduction in children with sAPD compared to adults. Inefficient neural transmission in the auditory brainstem may lead to difficulty in coding of dynamic acoustic cues (envelope, fine structure or spectral shape) that are necessary for recognizing speech in quiet and in noise. The ability to use envelope and fine structure cues to recognize speech in noise was therefore examined in children with sAPD, typically developing children and adults. Typically developing children showed developmental trend in use of envelope cues. Whereas children with sAPD were less efficient in using envelope and fine structure cues to recognize speech in noise compared to age-matched children and adults. Perception of speech based on fine structure alone was difficult for both TD children and children with sAPD compared to adults. This could be due to developmental difficulty in integrating frequency information from different bands. Difficulty in integrating auditory filter outputs may lead to the inadequate representation of spectral shape, which is necessary for recognizing speech sounds. Spectral shape perception was assessed using a spectral ripple discrimination task in typically developing children, children with sAPD, and adults. Young children could resolve fewer of ripples per octave when compared older children and adults. The performance of children with sAPD was poor compared to age-matched controls and young adults. Spectral-ripple discrimination showed a strong trend for improvement in thresholds as a function of age in both typically developing children and children with sAPD. This suggests that spectral shape is a learned cue and may take a longer time to mature

Hybrid bypass technique to mitigate leakage current in the grid-tied inverter

The extensive use of fossil fuel is destroying the balance of nature that could lead to many problems in the forthcoming era. Renewable energy resources are a ray of hope to avoid possible destruction. Smart grid and distributed power generation systems are now mainly built with the help of renewable energy resources. The integration of renewable energy production system with the smart grid and distributed power generation is facing many challenges that include addressing the issue of isolation and power quality. This paper presents a new approach to address the aforementioned issues by proposing a hybrid bypass technique concept to improve the overall performance of the grid-tied inverter in solar power generation. The topology with the proposed technique is presented using traditional H5, oH5 and H6 inverter. Comparison of topologies with literature is carried out to check the feasibility of the method proposed. It is found that the leakage current of all the proposed inverters is 9 mA and total harmonic distortion is almost about 2%. The proposed topology has good efficiency, common mode and differential mode characteristics

CIDPro: Custom Instructions for Dynamic Program Diversification

Timing side-channel attacks pose a major threat to embedded systems due to their ease of accessibility. We propose CIDPro, a framework that relies on dynamic program diversification to mitigate timing side-channel leakage. The proposed framework integrates the widely used LLVM compiler infrastructure and the increasingly popular RISC-V FPGA soft-processor. The compiler automatically generates custom instructions in the security critical segments of the program, and the instructions execute on the RISC-V custom co-processor to produce diversified timing characteristics on each execution instance. CIDPro has been implemented on the Zynq7000 XC7Z020 FPGA device to study the performance overhead and security tradeoffs. Experimental results show that our solution can achieve 80% and 86% timing side-channel capacity reduction for two benchmarks with an acceptable performance overhead compared to existing solutions. In addition, the proposed method incurs only a negligible hardware area overhead of 1% slices of the entire RISC-V system

Image reconstruction through compressive sampling matching pursuit and curvelet transform

An interesting area of research is image reconstruction, which uses algorithms and techniques to transform a degraded image into a good one. The quality of the reconstructed image plays a vital role in the field of image processing. Compressive Sampling is an innovative and rapidly growing method for reconstructing signals. It is extensively used in image reconstruction. The literature uses a variety of matching pursuits for image reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a modified method named compressive sampling matching pursuit (CoSaMP) for image reconstruction that promises to sample sparse signals from far fewer observations than the signal’s dimension. The main advantage of CoSaMP is that it has an excellent theoretical guarantee for convergence. The proposed technique combines CoSaMP with curvelet transform for better reconstruction of image. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed technique on different test images. The results indicate that qualitative and quantitative performance is better compared to existing methods

A comparative study of proximal femoral fracture fixation with proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw and plating

Background: Trochanteric fractures are one of the commonest injuries sustained predominantly in patients over sixty years of age. They are three to four times more common in women. These usually occur through bone affected by osteoporosis; trivial fall being most common mechanism of injury Approximately 10-30% of patients die within one year of an intertrochanteric fracture.Methods: A prospective study comprising of patients identified for surgical treatment of fracture in the intertrochanteric region of femur admitted to Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur from 2016 to 2017 where 30 patients with 30 intertrochanteric fractures of femur were selected with equal distribution of 15 dynamic hip screw devices and 15 intramedullary devices.Results: The purpose of the present study is to verify theoretical advantages of intramedullary device over the dynamic hip screw devices and also whether it actually alters the eventual functional outcome of the patient. Excellent results were seen in 2 patients (13.3%) in the DHS group and in 6 patients (40%) in the PFN group. The overall functional outcome of patients treated with the PFN was significantly better than those treated with DHS (p=0.037). However when we compared the stable and unstable fractures separately, we found that there was no significant difference in the outcomes of the stable fractures in the two groups (p=0.198).Conclusions: We conclude that in stable intertrochanteric fractures, both the PFN and DHS have similar outcomes. However, in unstable intertrochanteric fractures the PFN has significantly better outcomes in terms of earlier restoration of walking ability as it is an intramedullary implant which can tolerate higher cylindrical loading when compared to DHS type of implants. In addition, as the PFN requires shorter operative time and smaller incision, it has distinct advantages over DHS even in stable intertrochanteric fractures. Hence, in our opinion, PFN may be the better fixation device for most intertrochanteric fractures

Auditory brainstem responses in children with auditory processing disorder

Background: The ASHA recommends including electrophysiological measures in an auditory processing disorder (APD) assessment battery, but few audiologists do so, potentially because of limited published evidence for its utility. Purpose: This study compared the auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) of children with APD with age-matched children and adults. Study Sample: This study retrospectively examined the records of 108 children suspected of APD (sAPD) who had click-evoked ABRs recorded as part of their clinical assessment. Twenty adults and 22 typically developing (TD) children were recruited as controls. Data collection and Analysis: Click-evoked ABRs were recorded at slow (13.3 clicks/sec) and faster (57.7 clicks/sec) stimulation rates. ABRs were analyzed using typical clinical measures (latencies and interpeak intervals for waves I, III, and V) and using a model proposed by Ponton et al that offered a more detailed analysis of axonal conduction time and synaptic transmission delay. Results: Both clinical measures and the Ponton model analysis showed no significant differences between TD children and adults. Children sAPD showed absolute latencies that were significantly prolonged when compared with adults but not when compared with TD children. But individual children sAPD showed clinically significant delays (.2 standard deviations of TD children’s data). Examination of responses delineating axonal versus synaptic transmission showed significant delays in synaptic transmission in the group of children sAPD in comparison to TD children and adults. These results suggest that a significant portion of children with listening difficulties showed evidence of reduced or atypical brainstem functioning. Examining the responses for axonal and synaptic delays revealed evidence of a synaptic pattern of abnormalities in a significant portion (37.03%) of children sAPD. Such observations could provide objective evidence of factors potentially contributing to listening difficulties that are frequently reported in children identified with APD. Conclusions: Children sAPD often showed abnormalities in the ABR, suggesting a neurophysiologic origin of their reported difficulties, frequently originating at or before the first synapse. This study provides supportive evidence for the value of click-evoked ABRs in comprehensive auditory processing assessment batteries

Surgical management of intracapsular fracture neck femur by hemiarthroplasty between uncemented bipolar prosthesis and Austin Moore’s prosthesis: a comparative study in elderly population

Background: Intracapsular femoral neck fractures are common in elderly population after a simple fall. To avoid the drawbacks of internal fixation and for the early mobilization, hemiarthroplasty is performed in elderly. The aim of this study is to compare the outcome AMP with uncemented bipolar prosthesis in geriatric patients.Methods: 51 patients above 60 years and an acute displaced fracture of the femoral neck were randomly allocated to treatment by either AMP (Austin Moore prosthesis) or bipolar hemiarthroplasty, in the Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Siddhartha medical college, Tumkur between April 2014 and May 2017. The patients were summoned at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. Functional outcome was assessed and compared with modified Harris hip score and radiological parameters.Results: The mean Harris hip score in bipolar and AMP group was 86.31±12.1 and 79.86±15.42, respectively (p=0.182). The range of motion was 204.52±28.2 and 183.62±36 (p=0.014) respectively. Functional activities like use of public transport and ability to wear shoe or socks was better with bipolar group. Incidence of complications like painful hip, posterior dislocation, periprosthetic fracture and acetabular erosion was encountered in AMP group.Conclusions: The use of uncemented bipolar endoprosthesis in the management of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly was associated with better mean Harris hip score and incidence of complications was limited. Hence, bipolar would be a better option in elderly patients with fracture neck of femur.

A CASE REPORT OF ZIDOVUDINE-INDUCED THUMBNAILS HYPERPIGMENTATION IN AN HIV POSITIVE PATIENT WITH SECONDARY HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS INFECTION

Zidovudine is one of the first-line antiretroviral therapy regimen drug used to treat human immunodeficiency virus infected patients. Nail pigmentation associated with zidovudine therapy is seen in adults and children’s, mainly dark-skinned patients. This case attempts to draw attention among healthcare professionals concerning the non-serious adverse effect of nail pigmentation with zidovudine. In our case, the patient was counseled about this adverse effect without any change in zidovudine therapy. Even though this side effect is harmless and reversible, the psychological aspects of this visible side effect may reduce medication adherence and can also result in inessential investigations and management for misdiagnoses such as cyanosis and melanoma