Dharma and the Indian Constitution

"Sarva Dharma Sambhavana" is a fundamental precept of Dharma. It is also the predominant thread that runs through several Supreme Court decisions. Was this merely coincidental, or does the Indian Constitution actually imbibe and mirror the principles of Dharma? The relation between Dharma and the Indian Constitution is examined keeping this very fundamental question in mind. The paper is an assertion that the Constitution is framed based on the principles of Dharma and not merely inspired by the western cultures, which the framers of the Constitution failed to realize. Dharma, as per popular notion, is not a singular construct of the Hindu way of life, but is common to all religions. Dharma and religion are two separate entities and are often confused to be one and the same. This paper clarifies these differences and through the descriptive and analytical method, traces the evolution of this concept and its subsequent connect with the laws that govern us. The crux of the paper lies in the fact that law and dharma are strongly interwoven and there is no way the two can be separated

Reduction of Stress and Jet Lag, Improvement of Well-Being, Sleep Quality and Body-Mind Regeneration by Vinci Power Nap® Neuroarchitecture System: Innovative Solution for Leaders, Employees, Travelers

The Vinci Power Nap® system is a cutting-edge tool for reducing stress and jet lag effects associated with air travel, allowing for quick body–mind regeneration and improving well-being and the quality of night’s sleep. Power naps in a specially designed environment based on interdisciplinary science, can restore homeostasis and work–life balance, release stress and tensions, strengthens focus and efficiency, and recover energy for life to many overtired leaders, employees, and people with sleep disorders. Helpful in the therapy for hypersensitive people, after trauma, in depression, with oncological experiences, and many other diseases. The research made in UN projects at COP24 on leaders, travelers, and UNICEF Ukraine’s refugees show extraordinary relaxing properties, harmonizing sleep patterns and internal vital parameters (breath, heartbeat, and brain waves) thanks to zero gravity position, pulsating touch, frequency swinging, calming all senses and neuroarchitectural external conditions. Sleep is the basis of our psychophysical and immune regeneration and preventing errors resulting from stress and fatigue. The Vinci Power Nap® system is crucial for hotels and airports due to its ability to reduce discomfort associated with jet lag, providing great help to travelers such as business leaders, pilots, doctors, drivers, athletes, workers, soldiers, astronauts, tourists, etc

Identification of prognostic and susceptibility markers in chronic myeloid leukemia using next generation sequencing

Background: Incidence of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is continuously increasing and expected to reach 100,000 patients every year by 2030. Though the discovery of Imatinib Mesylate (IM) has brought a paradigm shift in CML treatment, 20% patients show resistance to this tyrosine kinase inhibiter (TKI). Therefore, it is important to identify markers, which can predict the occurrence and prognosis of CML. Clinical Exome Sequencing, panel of more than 4800 genes, was performed in CML patients to identify prognostic and susceptibility markers in CML.Methods: Enrolled CML patients (n=18) were segregated as IM responders (n=10) and IM failures (n=8) as per European Leukemia Net (ELN), 2013 guidelines. Healthy controls (n=5) were also enrolled. DNA from blood of subjects was subjected to Next Generation Sequencing. Rare mutations present in one patient group and absent in another group were considered as prognostic markers, whereas mutations present in more than 50% patients were considered as susceptibility markers.Result: Mutations in genes associated with cancer related functions were found in different patient groups. Four variants: rs116201358, rs4014596, rs52897880 and rs2274329 in C8A, UNC93B1, APOH and CA6 genes, respectively, were present in IM responders; whereas rs4945 in MFGE8 was present in IM failures. Mutations in HLA-DRB1 (rs17878951), HLA-DRB5 (rs137863146), RPHN2 (rs193179333), CYP2F1 (rs116958555), KCNJ12 (rs76684759) and FUT3 (rs151218854) were present as susceptibility markers.Conclusion: The potential genetic markers discovered in this study can help in predicting response to IM as frontline therapy. Susceptibility markers may also be used as panel for individuals prone to have CML.Keywords: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Genetic Markers, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS

Noninvasive Ventilation in Medicine - Recent Updates

A vast amount has been written about NIV, including books and guidelines hence we thought to produce a book called ""Noninvasive Ventilation in Medicine - Recent Updates"" to cover the untouched components of such this machine. In this book, we tried to include advances in the NIV and the how NIV could be used in synchrony with the mechanical ventilator including a weaning stage. The clinical scope of NIV is changing day-to-day and its rapidly emerging and constantly changing field includes many more indications of utilization of NIV. The current book contains a rich extract from the masters in the NIV field who have vast experience of NIV in areas other than conventional indications and would like to share their experience with all of the readers. Various challenges in NIV patient care include noncompliance, confused, hypercapnic patient or small children coping with a mask, avoiding interface leaks, and balancing ventilatory needs with patient tolerance

Sleep Apnea - Recent Updates

Sleep medicine is developing rapidly with more than 100 sleep disorders discovered till now. Despite that, sleep specialty is in neonatal stage especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Sleep medicine is still evolving with ongoing worldwide clinical research, training programs, and changes in the insurance policy disseminating more awareness in physicians and patients. Sleep apnea is one of the most common sleep disorders, found in around 5-7 % of the general population with high prevalence in the obese, elderly individuals but largely unrecognized and hence undiagnosed with untreated and life-threatening consequences. In the last decade, new complex sleep disorders and their pathophysiology have been discovered, new treatment options (pharmacological and nonpharmacological) are available, and hence we planned a book on the recent developments on the most common sleep disorder, sleep apnea. We have incorporated chapters from the eminent clinicians and authors around the globe to produce a state-of-the-art book with the target audience from internal medicine, pulmonary, sleep medicine, neurology, ENT, and psychiatry discipline

Incidence and management of diaphragmatic palsy in patients after cardiac surgery

Background: Diaphragm is the most important part of the respiratory system. Diaphragmatic palsy following cardiac surgery is not uncommon and can cause deterioration of pulmonary functions and attendant pulmonary complications. Objectives: Aim of this study was to observe the incidence of diaphragmatic palsy after off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) as compared to conventional CABG and to assess the efficacy of chest physiotherapy on diaphragmatic palsy in post cardiac surgical patients. Design and Setting: An observational prospective interventional study done at a tertiary care cardiac centre. Patients: 2280 consecutive adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery from February 2005 to august 2005. Results: 30 patients out of 2280 (1.31%) developed diaphragmatic palsy. Patients were divided based on the presence or absence of symptoms viz. breathlessness at rest or exertion or with the change of posture along with hypoxemia and / or hypercapnia. Group I included 14 patients who were symptomatic (CABG n=13, post valve surgery n=1), While Group II included 16 asymptomatic patients (CABG n=12, post valve surgery n=4), 9 patients (64%) from Group I (n=14) and 4 patients (25%) from group II showed complete recovery from diaphragmatic palsy as demonstrated ultrasonographically. Conclusion: The incidence of diaphragmatic palsy was remarkably less in our adult cardiac surgical patients because most of the cardiac surgeries were performed off pump and intensive chest physiotherapy beginning shortly after extubation helped in complete or near complete recovery of diaphragmatic palsy. Chest Physiotherapy led to marked improvement in functional outcome following post cardiac surgery diaphragmatic palsy. We also conclude that ultrasonography is a simple valuable bed-side tool for rapid diagnosis of diaphragmatic pals

Obesity and Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Middle East and UAE

A pandemic of obesity is sweeping all across the globe and the Middle East region also does not remain untouched by this prevailing pandemic. In fact, as per WHO report, Kuwait has the second highest obesity prevalence followed closely by other Middle East (ME) countries, namely, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates (UAE). Apart from direct medical, psychological, and quality of life related adverse effects of obesity, many indirect medical comorbidities, namely, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and metabolic syndrome, imposes a significant health burden on the individual and community with consequent morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the very high prevalence of obesity, undiagnosed sleep apnea, and other obesity related disorders with discussion of the contributing factors specific to the region including the fair insight into the current status of sleep medicine services in Middle East and UAE despite huge number of patients having undiagnosed sleep disorders. We will also suggest to control this epidemic of obesity and OSA so that the corrective measure could be taken at health ministry level to help people of this region to fight against obesity and related disorders, primarily OSA

Anesthetic management of right atrial mass removal and pulmonary artery thrombectomy in a patient with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLAS) characterises a clinical condition of arterial and venous thrombosis associated with phospholipids directed antibodies. APLAS occurs in 2&#x0025; of the general population. However, one study demonstrated that 7.1&#x0025; of hospitalised patients were tested positive for at least one of the three anticardiolipin antibody idiotype. Antiphospholipid antibodies often inhibit phospholipids dependent coagulation <i>in vitro</i> and interfere with laboratory testing of hemostasis. Therefore, the management of anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass can be quite challenging in these patients. Here, we present a case of right atrial mass removal and pulmonary thrombectomy in a patient of APLAS