USPOREDBA DREVNIH ZAKONA O ABORTUSU PERZIJE, GRČKE I RIMA

Since the dawn of medicine, medical rights and ethics have always been one of mankind’s concerns. In any civilisation, attention paid to medical laws and ethics depends on the progress of human values and the advancement of medical science. The history of various civilisations teaches that each had its own views on medical ethics, but most had something in common. Ancient civilisations such as Greece, Rome, or Assyria did not consider the foetus to be alive and therefore to have human rights. In contrast, ancient Persians valued the foetus as a living person equal to others. Accordingly, they brought laws against abortion, even in cases of sexual abuse. Furthermore, abortion was considered to be a murder and punishments were meted out to the mother, father, and the person performing it.Od samih početaka medicine, čovječanstvo se bavilo medicinskim pravima i etikom. Svaka je civilizacija posvećivala onoliko pažnje medicinskim zakonima i etici koliko je bila napredna u poštivanju ljudskih vrijednosti i medicinskoj znanosti. Povijest civilizacija uči nas da je svaka imala vlastite poglede, ali su u mnogočemu oni bili zajednički. Antičke civilizacije poput grčke, rimske ili asirske, fetus nisu smatrale živim bićem pa mu stoga nisu davale ni ljudska prava. Za razliku od njih, Perzijanci su fetus smatrali živom osobom s jednakim pravima kao i drugih ljudi. Stoga su zabranjivali abortus, čak i u slučajevima spolnog zlostavljanja. Štoviše, abortus se smatrao umorstvom, a kažnjavali su se i majka i otac i osoba koja bi obavila postupak

The Healing Power of Music and Chants amongst The Ahl-E Haqq People

This thesis examines current practices of music and prayers in the context of Jam ritual among the Ahl-e Haqq, a vernacular religion group in Iranian Kurdistan. I examine the construction and sacralization of the sacred instrument of the Ahl-e Haqq, tanbūr. I also explore the sacred prayer, kalām, and the association of prayer and music. Through the ethnographic method, participant observations, and interviewing religious figures and master musicians during the fieldwork in Sahneh, Iran, I investigate the relation of the Ahl-e Haqq prayers and music, and their effect on healing during their sacred ritual performance. Drawing primarily on scholarship from David Hufford and Bonnie Blair O’Connor, I theorize to show the distinction between healing and cure. Also using Leonard Primiano’s concept of vernacular religion, my aim is to show how the Ahl-e Haqq define their vernacular health belief system. This thesis examines the effect of music and prayers on healing in particular contexts and how it influences the daily wellbeing

ArticleFTIR Determination of MiconazoleEffects on Mice Fetus Brain Tissue: FTIR determination of Miconazole effects on Mice fetus brain tissue

Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, commonly applied topically to the skin or mucous membranes. The aim of this study was to examine the alternative method for gaining mechanism or the bimolecular changes caused by the possible teratogenic effects of Miconazole on mice fetus brain tissueusing FTIR-Microspectroscopy.The mice were injected with Miconazole(60 mg/Kg) on gestation day 9. Fetuses were dissected on day 15 of gestation and morphological and histological studies on thefetus were carried out. Sections (10 μm) of controland Miconazoletreated fetus brain tissue were used for FTIR measurement in the mid-infraredregion. The results were shown by spectra2ndderivativeand also subtracting from control spectra.A lower intensity in the lipid (2800–3000 cm-1) and amid I (1600–1800 cm-1) regions of Miconazole treated mice fetus brain tissue was observed compared to the control mice fetus brain tissue. No major spectral shifting was observed at amide I band, amide II band and nucleic acid regions.As a conclusion, FTIR-Microspectroscopycan be a useful tool forteratogenic measurement with a unique ability to identify the modified bimolecular structuresin mice fetus tissues