Toward a Meta Understanding of Reality: The Problem of Reference in Russian Metarealist Poetry

Through an in-depth analysis of Russian metarealist poetry, the paper seeks to undermine the increasingly popular belief in the self-referential nature of postmodern literature and deconstructive writing. To challenge the conviction that postmodern texts have cut off literary discourse from reality, the author focuses on the writing of Olga Sedakova and Elena Shvarts. Her analysis of Sedakova\u27s Vrata, Okna, Arki attempts to draw a parallel between the schools of Russian symbolism and metarealism, and demonstrate the increased referential potential of metarealist writing. While symbolism juxtaposes the mundane reality here to the eternal spiritual world beyond, she argues in the paper, metarealism practices an optimistic monism, interconnecting perceptual realities to levels of existence in a metaphysical beyond. Introducing Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari\u27s concept of the rhizome, the author analyzes the ways in which the poetry of Sedakova establishes connections with the multi-layered corpus of reality and thus expands the notion of referentiality. The paper proceeds with an examination of Shvarts\u27s Lotsiia Nochi. The author advances a provocative reading of Shvarts\u27s work from the point of view of Deleuze and Guattari\u27s theory of de- and reterritorialization and Mikhail Epstein\u27s notion of the metabole. By way of examining the metamorphic quality of metarealist poetry and the multifaceted modes of reality\u27s manifestation within it, the essay discards as unwarranted the mourning over the postmodern eclipse of reality and the subject\u27s incapacity to represent it. Metarealism, the author concludes, restores the pristine polyphony of our multidimensional universe and vindicates the prestige formerly allotted to referentiality

Toward a Meta Understanding of Reality: The Problem of Reference in Russian Metarealist Poetry

Through an in-depth analysis of Russian metarealist poetry, the paper seeks to undermine the increasingly popular belief in the self-referential nature of postmodern literature and deconstructive writing. To challenge the conviction that postmodern texts have cut off literary discourse from reality, the author focuses on the writing of Olga Sedakova and Elena Shvarts. Her analysis of Sedakova's Vrata, Okna, Arki attempts to draw a parallel between the schools of Russian symbolism and metarealism, and demonstrate the increased referential potential of metarealist writing. While symbolism juxtaposes the mundane reality here to the eternal spiritual world beyond , she argues in the paper, metarealism practices an optimistic monism , interconnecting perceptual realities to levels of existence in a metaphysical beyond. Introducing Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's concept of the rhizome , the author analyzes the ways in which the poetry of Sedakova establishes connections with the multi-layered corpus of reality and thus expands the notion of referentiality. The paper proceeds with an examination of Shvarts's Lotsiia Nochi . The author advances a provocative reading of Shvarts's work from the point of view of Deleuze and Guattari's theory of de- and reterritorialization and Mikhail Epstein's notion of the metabole . By way of examining the metamorphic quality of metarealist poetry and the multifaceted modes of reality's manifestation within it, the essay discards as unwarranted the mourning over the postmodern eclipse of reality and the subject's incapacity to represent it. Metarealism, the author concludes, restores the pristine polyphony of our multidimensional universe and vindicates the prestige formerly allotted to referentiality

Testimonial Poetry in East European Post-Totalitarian Literature

In her article, Testimonial Poetry in East European Post-Totalitarian Literature, Albena Lutzkanova-Vassileva reexamines the belief that postmodern literature and deconstructive writing have parted literary and theoretical discourse from reality, thereby obstructing and annihilating our access to history. Lutzkanova-Vassileva exemplifies her prognosis in an inquiry into post-totalitarian and postmodern Bulgarian literature and its texts of poetry. Born in the turmoil of communism\u27s debacle, the analysis is an attempt to illustrate that, contrary to denying reference, postmodernism solely rejects the reduction of reference to a world that is perceptible and cognitively masterable. Rethinking what many have seen as a self-referential literature, with the break between language and reality -- its leading stylistic principle, Lutzkanova-Vassileva seeks to establish that in the very decomposition of artistic language, in the demise of its capacity to refer to phenomenal reality and endow it with meaning, the truth of another, so far suppressed reality emerges. This, she claims, is the reality of crisis and catastrophe, the reality of minds on the brink of disintegration, the reality of both historical and personal invalidation. Recording the stories of failing minds and chronicling breakdown after breakdown, the often incoherent, almost clinical discourse of the postmodern text in Bulgarian literature, Lutzkanova-Vassileva argues, provides powerful testimony to a climactic moment in contemporary history

Adsorption of Some Transition Metal Ions [Cu(II), Fe(III), Cr(III) and Au(III)] onto Lignite-Based Activated Carbons Modified by Oxidation

The main purpose of the present work was to study the adsorption of some transition metal ions from aqueous solution via a novel porous material obtained from Bulgarian lignite (Chukurovo deposit) and its oxidized modifications. The adsorption of Cu(II), Fe(III), Cr(III) and Au(III) ions was investigated using batch methods to study solutions with different concentrations and acidities. It was found that the adsorption process was affected significantly by the pH value of the aqueous solution. Treatment of the equilibrium data using the linear Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models allowed the maximum adsorption capacities to be calculated. The uptake of Au(III) ions was almost 100% for the three adsorbents investigated, being greater than 300 mg/ℓ and independent of the pH over the pH range studied. The initial activated carbon proved to be the most suitable for the selective adsorption of Au(III) ions from aqueous solutions in the presence of other transition metal ions, while its oxidized modification Ch-P exhibited an enhanced adsorption efficiency towards transition metals

LaTroncation lexicale en français contemporain (aspects linguistiques)

STRASBOURG-B.N.U.S. (674821001) / SudocSudocFranceF

Neocortical electrical stimulation for epilepsy: Closed-loop versus open-loop

The aim of this review is to evaluate whether open-loop or closed-loop neocortical electrical stimulation should be the preferred approach to manage seizures in intractable epilepsy.Twenty cases of open-loop neocortical stimulation with an implanted device have been reported, in 5 case studies. Closed-loop stimulation with an implanted device has been investigated in a larger number of patients in the RNS System clinical trials. With 230 patients enrolled at the start of the Long-term Treatment Trial, 115 remained at the last reported follow-up. Open-loop stimulation reduced seizure frequency in patients on average with over 90% compared to baseline. Closed-loop stimulation reduces seizure frequency with 60%–65%.Even though open-loop neocortical electrical stimulation has only been reported in 20 patients, and closed-loop in much a larger sample, evidence suggests that both approaches are effective in reducing seizures. It remains an open question which should be clinically preferred. Therefore, a head-to-head adaptive clinical study comparing both approaches is propose

Neocortical electrical stimulation for epilepsy : Closed-loop versus open-loop

The aim of this review is to evaluate whether open-loop or closed-loop neocortical electrical stimulation should be the preferred approach to manage seizures in intractable epilepsy. Twenty cases of open-loop neocortical stimulation with an implanted device have been reported, in 5 case studies. Closed-loop stimulation with an implanted device has been investigated in a larger number of patients in the RNS System clinical trials. With 230 patients enrolled at the start of the Long-term Treatment Trial, 115 remained at the last reported follow-up. Open-loop stimulation reduced seizure frequency in patients on average with over 90% compared to baseline. Closed-loop stimulation reduces seizure frequency with 60%–65%. Even though open-loop neocortical electrical stimulation has only been reported in 20 patients, and closed-loop in much a larger sample, evidence suggests that both approaches are effective in reducing seizures. It remains an open question which should be clinically preferred. Therefore, a head-to-head adaptive clinical study comparing both approaches is proposed

Aging, partial reprogramming and bioelectric fields: unveiling the path to cellular rejuvenation

The studies of rejuvenation are important for promoting health and longevity, preventing age-related diseases, reducing economic burdens, improving quality of life and addressing the challenges posed by an aging global population. This review explores the intersection of aging, regeneration and bioelectric fields examining the emerging role of membrane potential in processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, limb regeneration and potentially aging. Manipulation of membrane potential opens a novel dimension to the rejuvenation landscape offering an alternative or complementary approach to partial reprograming method presenting exciting possibilities for therapeutic interventions targeting age-related cellular changes