Gauge theory approach to glass transitions

This theory combines a thermodynamic approach with a dynamic one in order to describe glass transition. Glass transition is regarded as an inaccessible second order phase transition, which is interrupted because of premature critical slowing down, caused by the system's frustration. The frustration-induced vortices are present in the structure besides thermoactivated vortices, and prevent the development of the order parameter fluctuations, that leads to the critical slowing down the system kinetics at some temperature above the phase transition point

Gauge theory description of glass transition

An analytical approach, which develops the gauge model of the glass transition phenomenon, is suggested. It is based on the quantum field theory and critical dynamics methods. The suggested mechanism of glass transition is based on the interaction of the local magnetization field with the massive gauge field, which describes frustration-induced plastic deformation. The example of the three-dimensional Heisenberg model with trapped disorder is considered. It is shown that the glass transition appears when the fluctuations scale reaches the frustrations scale, and the mass of the gauge field becomes equal to zero. The Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann relation for the glass transition kinetics and critical exponent for non-linear susceptibility, $1.7\lesssim \gamma < 3$, are derived in the framework of the suggested approach.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; Added references; correction

Mechanisms for Corruption Suppression

Government agencies and large corporations meet similar problems related to control of agents dealing with outsiders: citizens under audit of the agency or clients of the company. In such interaction there typically exists a possibility of collusion. In order to prevent it, agencies and corporations usually organize hierarchical controlling structures. The present paper considers game-theoretic models of such structures and examines a problem of their optimal organization.corruption, hierarchical structures, game-theoretic model

Methyl c-1-cyano-t-2-methyl­sulfonyl-3-phenyl­cyclo­propane­carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C13H13NO4S, is a racemic mixture of enanti­omers. Short intra­molecular contacts between sulfonyl O and ester carbonyl C atoms are observed [C⋯O = 2.881 (1), 2.882 (1) and 2.686 (1) Å], indicating the possibility of donor—acceptor inter­actions between these groups. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and cyclopropyl rings is 79.3 (1)°

Transformations of Spatial Distributions of Bio-Polymers and Nanoparticles in Water Suspensions Induced by Resonance-Like Low Frequency Electrical Fields

Water suspensions of in-organic (metals and oxides) and organic nano-objects (chitozan and collagen) were subjected to the treatment of direct and alternative electrical fields. In addition to quasi-periodical spatial patterning resonance-like performance of spatial distributions of these suspensions has been found at low frequencies of alternating electrical field. These resonances are explained as the result of creation of equilibrium states of groups of charged nano-objects with opposite signs of charges at the interparticle distances where the forces of Coulomb attraction are compensated by the repulsion forces induced by relatively negative polarization of hydrated regions surrounding the nanoparticles with respect to pure water. The low frequencies of these resonances are explained by comparatively big distances between the particles and their big masses with t\respect to masses of atoms constituting molecules with high resonance frequencies. These new resonances open a new approach to detailed modeling and understanding of mechanisms of the influence of electrical fields on the functioning of internal organs of living organisms at the level of cells and neurons

Transformations of Spatial Distributions of Bio-Polymers and Nanoparticles in Water Suspensions Induced by Resonance-Like Low Frequency Electrical Fields

Water suspensions of in-organic (metals and oxides) and organic nano-objects (chitozan and collagen) were subjected to the treatment of direct and alternative electrical fields. In addition to quasi-periodical spatial patterning resonance-like performance of spatial distributions of these suspensions has been found at low frequencies of alternating electrical field. These resonances are explained as the result of creation of equilibrium states of groups of charged nano-objects with opposite signs of charges at the interparticle distances where the forces of Coulomb attraction are compensated by the repulsion forces induced by relatively negative polarization of hydrated regions surrounding the nanoparticles with respect to pure water. The low frequencies of these resonances are explained by comparatively big distances between the particles and their big masses with t\respect to masses of atoms constituting molecules with high resonance frequencies. These new resonances open a new approach to detailed modeling and understanding of mechanisms of the influence of electrical fields on the functioning of internal organs of living organisms at the level of cells and neurons

Transformations of Spatial Distributions of Bio-Polymers and Nanoparticles in Water Suspensions Induced by Resonance-Like Low Frequency Electrical Fields

Water suspensions of in-organic (metals and oxides) and organic nano-objects (chitozan and collagen) were subjected to the treatment of direct and alternative electrical fields. In addition to quasi-periodical spatial patterning resonance-like performance of spatial distributions of these suspensions has been found at low frequencies of alternating electrical field. These resonances are explained as the result of creation of equilibrium states of groups of charged nano-objects with opposite signs of charges at the interparticle distances where the forces of Coulomb attraction are compensated by the repulsion forces induced by relatively negative polarization of hydrated regions surrounding the nanoparticles with respect to pure water. The low frequencies of these resonances are explained by comparatively big distances between the particles and their big masses with t\respect to masses of atoms constituting molecules with high resonance frequencies. These new resonances open a new approach to detailed modeling and understanding of mechanisms of the influence of electrical fields on the functioning of internal organs of living organisms at the level of cells and neurons