The Welfare and Public Health of the Population of Russia: Adaptation To Economic Volatility

In the article, the results of the research of correlation of welfare and public health of the population of Russia in the conditions of economic instability are presented. The review of performance indicators of development of public sentiments of society applied both in Russian and foreign practice is submitted. The concept content of the “social and psychological potential of a region” as an indicator of public health of the population is opened. On the basis of this concept, the potential pattern is created. The evaluation method of social and psychological potential of a region is developed, its main idea is an integrated assessment of both the potential of a region in general and its separate components. The assessment of the condition of potential in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation is given. Character and power of correlation between indicators of welfare and level of social and psychological potential of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation on the basis of development of correlation matrixes are revealed, also, the regional consistent patterns and tendencies are determined.The study was funded by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 14-18-00574, “Anti-crisis”, an Information Analysis System “: Diagnostics of the Regions, Estimation of Threats and Scenario Forecasting in Order to Maintain and Reinforce Economic Security and Enhance the Well-Being of Russia)

Economic tomography: the possibility to anticipate and respond to socio-economic crises

The article discusses an approach based on an original hypothesis related to the peculiarities of Russia’s development (on the one hand, its scale, the Russian mentality and a certain closeness of the economy; on the other hand, a significant dominant resource and human potential, and, as a consequence, a genuine role in the global economic community), the diagnosis of which (at the level of the well-being of individuals and inhabited areas) can be used to identify crises, provide an early assessment of threats to socio-economic development of regions as well as help to evaluate the state of the region over a 3 to 5 year period. In other words, in order to ensure that executives have enough time to mount a sufficiently rapid response to the crises and administrative errors and to reduce the impact of emerging threats. The aim of this paper is to present theoretical and methodological tools for the recognition of the early stages of emerging threats, allowing fewer losses to be experienced during the crisis period. Simulation experiments were carried out for the purpose of classifying previously occurring social and economic crises (9 possible variants were reviewed) and mathematically processed trajectories of change in the main indicators for the well-being of individuals and inhabited areas, taking the influence of various factors into account. On the basis of the authors’ proposed approach (referred to as economic tomography) an attempt is made to comprehensively assess the state of sample representative regions of Russia.The research has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14–18–00574 'Information-analytical system "Anticrisis:" diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and strengthening of economic security and well-being of Russia')

Derivational Potential, or Word-Formation Possibilities of a Word: Problem of Defining the Term

The article is devoted to the understanding of the term derivational potential of a word or word-formation possibilities of a lexical unit . The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the authors of modern works on derivatology do not always draw the reader’s attention to the difference between such concepts as derivational potential and implemented derivational potential , especially in the cases of description of constraints on the implementation of derivational potential. With the aim of identifying variants of interpretation of the term in the article a review of the research is made, the authors of which pay attention to the derivational features of words and problems of realization of these possibilities. The results of the analysis of scientific works indicate that there can be several interpretations of the term word-formation possibilities . Some researchers understand derivational potential as possibility of a specific word to form lexical units, others - as a set of word-formation possibilities that characterize a particular class of words. It is assumed that the reason for different understanding of derivational potential is that there are two ways to interpret the composition of the derivational paradigms of the lexical units in determining word-formation possibilities of producing word. The author, basing on the previous experience of researchers, formulates an elaborated definition of the term derivational potential

Interrelation between Supply and Demand Factors in Regional Labor Markets

Annotation. The article presents the author's approach to the analysis of matching the demand for labor and its supply. The essence of the approach lies in the dynamic assessment the closeness of the relationship between two sets of indicators describing each of the factors. The proposed model for calculating the coefficient characterizing the closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously the factors of the formation of demand for labor and its supply, as well as to make quantitative estimates. The approach was tested using the data from the subjects of the Russian Federation situated in the Ural Federal District. The results of the assessment showed that during the period from 2000 to 2019 the closeness of relationship between the indicators of supply and demand factors in the labor market increased. The most significant contribution to the coordination between supply and demand in the regional labor markets is made by the demographic factor, i.e. the share of the population of working age. In addition, in some subjects of the Russian Federation, the functioning of the labor market is quite significantly affected by the retail turnover, the amount of investment in fixed assets and the graduation of specialists. The use of the coefficient of closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously all the indicators of the factors of supply and demand in the labor market and make quantitative estimates. Such a unique approach makes it possible to avoid the objectively existing restrictions in the statistical accounting of employment and unemployment. © 2022 Economic Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, РФФИ: 20-41-660008Acknowledgements. This work has been carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant, project No. 20-41-660008

Sustainable Development Indicators in Benchmarks of Russia's Regional Policy

We have considered the problem concerning the substantiation of sustainable development indicators and the improvement of the standard of living of the population in Russian regions. To quantify the standard of living of the population, we have used a common indicator such as the Human Development Index. The authors present an approach to managing the region in the form of optimization problems aimed at improving the standard of living of the region's population by increasing the probability of its classification as a region with a higher standard of living. The optimization problem is solved based on the identified relationship between the standard of living of the region's population and its socioeconomic indicators. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work has been performed with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant No. 18-010-00493

Innovative technology of hip-potherapy in complex treatment of manifestations of dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome in children

The article presents pathomechanical grounding of application of designed method of hippotherapy in treatment of manifestations of dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome with evaluation of remote outcomes of complex treatment in 5 years in 120 children. The basics of therapeutic impact of horse riding lie in natural movements of a horse, helping a rider to organize and systematize his or her movements. Hippotherapy (with performing special correcting exercises) as a method of complex treatment of children with dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome forms the skill of space orienting, improves coordination of movements, strengthens and trains muscles. Together with all that it improves psychoemo-tional state of a patient. This method of treatment of combined pelvis and spine deformity in children in comparison with other known techniques provides expressed therapeutic effect due to simultaneous correction of pelvic and spinal muscles, development of muscular-articular perception and muscular-sensor coordination, and also due to reconstruction and formation of a new movement stereotype

Center-to-limb variation of the continuum intensity and linear polarization of stars with transiting exoplanets

The limb darkening and center-to-limb variation of the continuum polarization is calculated for a grid of one-dimensional stellar model atmospheres and for a wavelength range between 300 and 950 nm. Model parameters match those of the transiting stars taken from the NASA exoplanet archive. The limb darkening of the continuum radiation for these stars is shown to decrease with the rise in their effective temperature. For the lambda = 370 nm wavelength, which corresponds to the maximum of the Johnson-Cousins UX filter, the limb darkening values of the planet transiting stars lie in a range between 0.03 and 0.3. The continuum linear polarization depends not only on the effective temperature of the star but also on its gravity and metallicity. Its value decreases for increasing values of these parameters. In the UX band, the maximum linear polarization of stars with transiting planets amounts to 4%, while the minimum value is approximately 0.3%. The continuum limb darkening and the linear polarization decrease rapidly with wavelength. At the R band maximum (lambda = 700 nm), the linear polarization close to the limb is in fact two orders of magnitude smaller than in the UX band. The center- to-limb variation of the continuum intensity and the linear polarization of the stars with transiting planets can be approximated, respectively, by polynomials of the fourth and the sixth degree. The coefficients of the polynomials, as well as the IDL procedures for reading them, are available in electronic form. It is shown that there are two classes of stars with high linear polarization at the limb. The first one consists of cold dwarfs. Their typical representatives are HATS-6, Kepler-45, as well as all the stars with similar parameters. The second class of stars includes hotter giants and subgiants. Among them we have CoRoT-28, Kepler-91, and the group of stars with effective temperatures and gravities of approximately 5000 K and 3.5, respectively

Resistance of seedlings of native and alien species of the genus Bidens (Asteraceae) from different geographic populations to the action of heavy metals

One approach to assessing the competitiveness of invasive species is a comparative analysis of the morphological, physiological, and reproductive traits of this species with native species of the same genus. The invasive species Bidens frondosa L. from the Asteraceae family, included in the list of the 50 most common and most aggressive invasive species in Europe, occupies the same ecological niche as the native species B. tripartita L., and displaces it from natural habitats. There is an obvious and growing interest in the sustainability of B. tripartita and B. frondosa in extreme conditions of existence, one of which is the action of heavy metals. Our research was performed in laboratory conditions with seedlings that developed from seeds collected from populations of the Upper and Middle Volga region. The seeds were germinated in Ni2+ and Cu2+ solutions at various concentrations. At the end of the experiment, morphometric parameters were measured and the index of tolerance was determined. Seedlings from different populations under the influence of nickel ions developed at concentrations of 1–50 mg/l, under the influence of copper ions – at 1–100 mg/l. The nickel and copper ions had the greatest toxic effect on the growth and development of the root system – at 25 mg/l and above, the main root was completely necrotic, while the action of copper ions simultaneously increased the number of adventitious roots. The tolerance index (“root test”) under the action of nickel ions was higher among the seedlings from the population of the Middle Volga region, while under the action of copper ions there were no significant differences among the seedlings from different populations. However, it decreased with the action of both heavy metals at a concentration of 10 mg/l. High concentrations of both metals significantly reduced the length of the hypocotyl, cotyledon, and the true leaf. It was also found that copper ions are more toxic for the root system (main root and adventitious roots), nickel ions – for above-ground organs (hypocotyl, cotyledons, and true leaves). We noted differences between the populations to the action of nickel and copper. From the population of the Upper Volga region, the seedlings of B. frondosa were more stable. For seedlings from the population of the Middle Volga, a smaller toxic effect was confirmed for B. tripartita. It can be assumed that the resistance of B. frondosa to the action of heavy metals as a stress factor in the Upper Volga region is one of the reasons for the suppression of B. tripartita by the invasive species

Economy regional features and specialist training structure

In recent years, special attention is paid to increasing the regional role in training personnel for the economy and social sphere, to implementing the “Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”, and to balanced development of the entire territory of Russia. The purpose of the article is to study the regional economic features of the Russian Federation members in relation with a personnel training structure with higher education. The sectoral specialisation of the Russian Federation members is assessed in the article on the example of the Siberian Federal District. The assessment is based on a comprehensive analysis of the sectoral structures of the Russian Federation members, economic activities localisation, population employment. It is emphasised that a degree of sector production concentration, which characterise the sectors importance in a national scale, must be taken into account. This will make it possible to optimise the personnel training structure with higher education. A comparison of specialists graduation in terms of specialties and areas enlarged groups with the population employment structure has shown that the regions specifics are not sufficiently taken into account by the training areas of higher education institutions. The results of the study can be useful to the top management of higher education institutions in the Russian regions