541 research outputs found
Supply Chain Management Application in Functional Food Industry
Abstract— As follows from the analysis, the producers of functional food production do not increase their production and its supply in the domestic market intensively enough and have a quite low export capacity. During production of functional foods, producers do not pay sufficient attention to patenting of the developed intellectual property objects. It was revealed that Russia, that shows a considerable potential of agricultural land and positive experience of agricultural sector development, needs to ensure the development of domestic supply chain management in businesses and industries to provide promising new-generation functional foods competitive in the internal and external markets. Competitiveness of such products can be improved by development of supply chain management – specialized functional foods. This paper explores ways of improving supply chain management within the food processing industry looking into characteristics on justification and development of advanced functional food, its formulations and production technologies. This work presents a supply chai nstrategy in terms of food industry subsectors and producers, food effects obtained from functional foods, and in terms of consumers of functional food products depending on product purpose
Reconstructive surgery for oral cavity cancer
Treatment of patients with advanced oral cavity cancer remains challenging
The structure of Green functions in quantum field theory with a general state
In quantum field theory, the Green function is usually calculated as the
expectation value of the time-ordered product of fields over the vacuum. In
some cases, especially in degenerate systems, expectation values over general
states are required. The corresponding Green functions are essentially more
complex than in the vacuum, because they cannot be written in terms of standard
Feynman diagrams. Here, a method is proposed to determine the structure of
these Green functions and to derive nonperturbative equations for them. The
main idea is to transform the cumulants describing correlations into
interaction terms.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Exchange of property rights and control as a condition of the innovation process effectiveness at collaboration between university and enterprise
INTRODUCTION Currently, the innovative development of the enterprise is considered to be an urgent task. Implementation of innovation in the economic activity of the enterprise is a complex process. Thus, effective innovation process conditions and factors, as well as mechanisms of its control need further investigation. METHODS The study is based on general research methods such as the analysis and synthesis, the deduction and induction, the interrelation between historical and logical, laws of dialectics, and the analysis of cause and effect relationship. Special methods include the institutional approach, methods of the theory of property rights and the theory of innovation. The study is based on the works of scholars such as J.A. Schumpeter, N.D. Kondratieff, D.C. North, R.H. Coase, D. Hahn, S.Y. Glaz'ev, D.S. Lvov, J.L. Abalkin, K.S. Mullakhmetov, S.P. Robbins, M. Coulter, R.L. Daft, V. Horvath, and others. RESULTS Conducted study revels beneficial effect of property rights exchange in the innovation process. Property rights act as a vital institution of increasing confidence and values in the innovation process. The identified main stages of the innovation process are considered in a following sequence: idea → intellectual property asset → intangible assets → shares. The exchange of proprietary rights allows determining the required ratio of economic resources and create behavior scenario of the innovation process participants. DISCUSSION Special attention is paid to the transitions from stage to stage in the innovation process, as well as improvement of control procedures at each stage. It is found that the main risks occur during the transition of the innovation process from one stage to another. These stages should be taken into account when exchanging and control of property rights. The authors distinguish between sales of knowledge and intellectual property management since property rights transformation in these two cases is different. FINAL REPORT The application of the institutional approach and the property rights theory to improve the effectiveness of the innovation process is a promising and relevant tool of economic activity of university and enterprise
Optical precursors in transparent media
We theoretically study the linear propagation of a stepwise pulse through a
dilute dispersive medium when the frequency of the optical carrier coincides
with the center of a natural or electromagnetically induced transparency window
of the medium (slow-light systems). We obtain fully analytical expressions of
the entirety of the step response and show that, for parameters representative
of real experiments, Sommerfeld-Brillouin precursors, main field and second
precursors "postcursors" can be distinctly observed, all with amplitudes
comparable to that of the incident step. This behavior strongly contrasts with
that of the systems generally considered up to now
Degenerate Landau-Zener model: Exact analytical solution
The exact analytical solution of the degenerate Landau-Zener model, wherein
two bands of degenerate energies cross in time, is presented. The solution is
derived by using the Morris-Shore transformation, which reduces the fully
coupled system to a set of independent nondegenerate two-state systems and a
set of decoupled states. Due to the divergence of the phase of the off-diagonal
element of the propagator in the original Landau-Zener model, not all
transition probabilities exist for infinite time duration. In general, apart
from some special cases, only the transition probabilities between states
within the same degenerate set exist, but not between states of different sets.
An illustration is presented for the transition between the magnetic sublevels
of two atomic levels with total angular momenta J=2 and 1
Return-sweep saccades in oral reading
Recent research on return-sweep saccades has improved our understanding of eye movements when reading paragraphs.
However, these saccades, which take our gaze from the end of one line to the start of the next line, have been studied only
within the context of silent reading. Articulatory demands and the coordination of the eye–voice span (EVS) at line boundaries suggest that the execution of this saccade may be diferent in oral reading. We compared launch and landing positions of
return-sweeps, corrective saccade probability and fxations adjacent to return-sweeps in skilled adult readers while reading
paragraphs aloud and silently. Compared to silent reading, return-sweeps were launched from closer to the end of the line
and landed closer to the start of the next line when reading aloud. The probability of making a corrective saccade was higher
for oral reading than silent reading. These indicate that oral reading may compel readers to rely more on foveal processing
at the expense of parafoveal processing. We found an interaction between reading modality and fxation type on fxation
durations. The reading modality efect (i.e., increased fxation durations in oral compared to silent reading) was greater for
accurate line-initial fxations and marginally greater for line-fnal fxations compared to intra-line fxations. This suggests
that readers may use the fxations adjacent to return-sweeps as natural pause locations to modulate the EVS
Possible prospects for using modern magnesium preparations for increasing stress resistance during COVID-19 pandemic
The relevance of the issue of increasing stress resistance is due to a significant deterioration in the mental health of the population caused by the special conditions of the disease control and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, the decisive role in the severity of clinico-physiological manifestations of maladjustment to stress is assigned to magnesium ion
On Nonperturbative Calculations in Quantum Electrodynamics
A new approach to nonperturbative calculations in quantum electrodynamics is
proposed. The approach is based on a regular iteration scheme for solution of
Schwinger-Dyson equations for generating functional of Green functions. The
approach allows one to take into account the gauge invariance conditions (Ward
identities) and to perform the renormalization program. The iteration scheme
can be realized in two versions. The first one ("perturbative vacuum")
corresponds to chain summation in the diagram language. In this version in
four-dimensional theory the non-physical singularity (Landau pole) arises which
leads to the triviality of the renormalized theory. The second version
("nonperturbative vacuum") corresponds to ladder summation and permits one to
make non-perturbative calculations of physical quantities in spite of the
triviality problem. For chiral-symmetrical leading approximation two terms of
the expansion of the first-step vertex function over photon momentum are
calculated. A formula for anomalous magnetic moment is obtained. A problem of
dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) is considered, the calculations are
performed for renormalized theory in Minkowsky space. In the strong coupling
region DCSB-solutions arise. For the renormalized theory a DCSB-solution is
also possible in the weak coupling region but with a subsidiary condition on
the value of .Comment: 31 pages, Plain LaTex, no figures. Journal version: some discussion
and refs. are adde
Do readers use character information when programming return-sweep saccades?
Reading saccades that occur within a single line of text are guided by the size of letters. However, readers occasionally need to make longer saccades (known as return-sweeps) that take their eyes from the end of one line of text to the beginning of the next. In this study, we tested whether return-sweep saccades are also guided by font size information and whether this guidance depends on visual acuity constraints. To do this, we manipulated the font size of letters (0.29 vs 0.39 deg. per character) and the length of the first line of text (16 vs 26 deg.). The larger font resulted in return-sweeps that landed further to the right of the line start and in a reduction of corrective saccades compared to the smaller font. This suggests that font size information is used when programming return-sweeps and corrective saccades. Return-sweeps in the longer line condition landed further to the right of the line start and the proportion of corrective saccades increased compared to the short line condition. This likely reflects an increase in saccadic range error with the increase in saccade size. Critically, however, there was no interaction between font size and line length. This suggests that when programming return-sweeps, the use of font size information does not depend on visual acuity at the saccade target. Instead, it appears that readers rely on global typographic properties of the text in order to maintain an optimal number of characters to the left of their first fixation on a new line
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