20 research outputs found
ENHANCEMENT OF ORAL UPTAKE OF AMIKACIN USING COPOLYMERS
Amikacinis a semisynthetic derivative of Kanamycin; it was approved for clinical use in the U.S. in 1976. Amikacin is broad-spectrum and potent aminoglycoside with limited clinical use owing high dose requirement.Many gram-negative bacteria, including many strains of Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and serratiaare inhibited by 1-20 mcg/ml amikacin in vitro. After injection of 500mg of amikacin every 12hours (15mg/kg/d) intramuscularly, peak levels in serum are 10-30 mcg/ml. Amikacinis valuable because it was more active to aminoglycoside inactivating bacterial enzymes than is gentamicin. Since it was more inflated, amikacin was reserved for treatment of infections with gentamicin-resistant organisms. Peak plasma concentration should be kept between 20-30 mg/ml and trough concentration below 10mg/ml.There is no oral form of Amikacinis available as it is not absorbed orally. Various research on oral formulation of amikacinare going onsuch assignificantly improved oral uptake of amikacin in fvb mice in the presence of crl-1605 copolymer, liposomal amikacin dry powder inhaler effect of fines on in vitro performance, thiolated chitosan nanoparticles as an oral delivery system for amikacin. Key Word: Gram-negative bacteria, aminoglycoside,chitosan nanoparticles
OPTIMIZATION OF ANN-BASED MODELS AND ITS EM CO-SIMULATION FOR PRINTED RF DEVICES
Printed VO2 RF switch founds immense potential in RF reconfigurable applications.
However, their generic electrical equivalent model is still intangible
that can be further integrated in CAD tools and utilize for simulation, analysis
and design of RF/microwave circuits and systems. The artificial neural network
(ANN) has been gaining popularity in modeling various types of RF components.
However, most of these works merely demonstrate the establishment
of the ANN-based RF model in the MATLAB environment without involving
significant optimization. Furthermore, the integration of such ANN-based RF
models in the EM and circuit simulator as well as the co-simulation between
the ANN-based model and conventional models have not been demonstrated
or validated. Therefore, the earlier reported models are still one step removed
from its real RF applications. In this work, by using the fully printed vanadium
dioxide (VO2) RF switch as the modeling example, a systematic hyperparameter
optimization process has been conducted. Compared to the nonoptimized
ANN model, a dramatic improvement in the model's accuracy has
been observed for the ANN model with fully optimized hyperparameters.
A correlation coefficient of more than 99.2% for broad frequency range demonstrates
the accuracy of the modeling technique. In addition, we have also
integrated the Python-backed ANN-based model into Advanced Design System
(ADS), where a reconfigurable T-resonator band stop filter is used as an
example to demonstrate the co-simulation between the ANN-based model and
the conventional lumped-based model
Robust Design of a Particle-Free Silver-Organo-Complex Ink with High Conductivity and Inkjet Stability for Flexible Electronics
Currently, silver-nanoparticle-based
inkjet ink is commercially
available. This type of ink has several serious problems such as a
complex synthesis protocol, high cost, high sintering temperatures
(∼200 °C), particle aggregation, nozzle clogging, poor
shelf life, and jetting instability. For the emerging field of printed
electronics, these shortcomings in conductive inks are barriers for
their widespread use in practical applications. Formulating particle-free
silver inks has potential to solve these issues and requires careful
design of the silver complexation. The ink complex must meet various
requirements, such as in situ reduction, optimum viscosity, storage
and jetting stability, smooth uniform sintered films, excellent adhesion,
and high conductivity. This study presents a robust formulation of
silver–organo-complex (SOC) ink, where complexing molecules
act as reducing agents. The 17 wt % silver loaded ink was printed
and sintered on a wide range of substrates with uniform surface morphology
and excellent adhesion. The jetting stability was monitored for 5
months to confirm that the ink was robust and highly stable with consistent
jetting performance. Radio frequency inductors, which are highly sensitive
to metal quality, were demonstrated as a proof of concept on flexible
PEN substrate. This is a major step toward producing high-quality
electronic components with a robust inkjet printing process
Robust Design of a Particle-Free Silver-Organo-Complex Ink with High Conductivity and Inkjet Stability for Flexible Electronics
Currently, silver-nanoparticle-based
inkjet ink is commercially
available. This type of ink has several serious problems such as a
complex synthesis protocol, high cost, high sintering temperatures
(∼200 °C), particle aggregation, nozzle clogging, poor
shelf life, and jetting instability. For the emerging field of printed
electronics, these shortcomings in conductive inks are barriers for
their widespread use in practical applications. Formulating particle-free
silver inks has potential to solve these issues and requires careful
design of the silver complexation. The ink complex must meet various
requirements, such as in situ reduction, optimum viscosity, storage
and jetting stability, smooth uniform sintered films, excellent adhesion,
and high conductivity. This study presents a robust formulation of
silver–organo-complex (SOC) ink, where complexing molecules
act as reducing agents. The 17 wt % silver loaded ink was printed
and sintered on a wide range of substrates with uniform surface morphology
and excellent adhesion. The jetting stability was monitored for 5
months to confirm that the ink was robust and highly stable with consistent
jetting performance. Radio frequency inductors, which are highly sensitive
to metal quality, were demonstrated as a proof of concept on flexible
PEN substrate. This is a major step toward producing high-quality
electronic components with a robust inkjet printing process
High-resolution far-infrared spectroscopy and analysis of the ν3 and ν6 bands of chloromethane
International audienceRo-vibrational spectra of the and bands of chloromethane () were recorded in the 650--1130 range using a Fourier transform spectrometer at the AILES beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron facility. Two isotopologues ( and ) have been analyzed with the tensorial formalism developed in Dijon and a total of 6753 lines were assigned. We derived 23 tensorial parameters for the lines positions (4 for the ground state, 6 for , and 13 for ), and 7 for the lines intensities (4 for , 3 for ). From those parameters and self-broadening coefficients found in the literature, we simulated spectra of both isotopologues. The derived parameters were converted in the Watson formalism to be compared with a previous study. Using these results, we set up a new database of calculated chloromethane spectral lines (ChMeCaSDa)
Printed Electrodes Based on Vanadium Dioxide and Gold Nanoparticles for Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Printed energy storage components attracted attention for being incorporated into bendable electronics. In this research, a homogeneous and stable ink based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) is hydrothermally synthesized with a non-toxic solvent. The structural and morphological properties of the synthesized material are determined to be well-crystalline monoclinic-phase nanoparticles. The charge storage mechanisms and evaluations are specified for VO2 electrodes, gold (Au) electrodes, and VO2/Au electrodes using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The VO2 electrode shows an electrical double layer and a redox reaction in the positive and negative voltage ranges with a slightly higher areal capacitance of 9 mF cm−2. The VO2/Au electrode exhibits an areal capacitance of 16 mF cm−2, which is double that of the VO2 electrode. Due to the excellent electrical conductivity of gold, the areal capacitance 18 mF cm−2 of the Au electrode is the highest among them. Based on that, Au positive electrodes and VO2 negative electrodes are used to build an asymmetric supercapacitor. The device delivers an areal energy density of 0.45 μWh cm−2 at an areal power density of 70 μW cm−2 at 1.4 V in the aqueous electrolyte of potassium hydroxide. We provide a promising electrode candidate for cost-effective, lightweight, environmentally friendly printed supercapacitors
Empirical study of gum ghatti as an alternative thickening agent in hydraulic fracturing
Gum ghatti (anogeissus latifolia) is being widely used as an emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer in food, pharmaceutical, and allied industries due to its shelf life, tolerance of heat, and pH stability. Considering the oil & gas industry application, it is ideal for a hydraulic fracturing fluid additive as a direct replacement for guar gum. Basically, unlike guar gum, it contains less residual hull and it is suitable for low permeability unconventional reservoir; mainly shale gas reservoir, where permeability counts trivial in amount. The polymer of ghatti aid exceptional rheological properties and help to produce higher molecular weight polymer; which has excellent proppant carrying capacity and fracture propagation. In this paper, the experimental study has been carried out in two different phases. This was achieved through optimization and characterization of hydraulic fracturing fluid which was embedded with gum matrices. In Phase-I, the study was carried out by using response surface methodology (RSM). Wherein, the relation between several explanatory and response variables have been measured. In Phase-II, the characterization was done by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and also, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). This experimental study will potentially benefit for development of a new hydraulic fracturing fluid. Where gum ghatti observed as a satisfactory alternative agent for guar gum