189 research outputs found
Data on the knowledge of Peridinium palatinum Lauterborn (Dinophyta) in Körös area (SE Hungary)
Peridinium palatinum belongs to the group of algal species of which we have only a few taxonomical and ecological data, although on some running and standing waters of Hungary it can be found in large numbers.
The aim of our study, accomplished from 1990 to 1996, was revealing the occurrence of this species. Our results suggest that the occurence of P. palatinum has been influenced by two factors: water temperature and the organic matter concentration of water. Comparing eleven types of waters in which it either appeared or not, it could be established that P. palatinum occurs in waters that exceed a relatively high level of organic matter concentration. Concerning water temperature P. palatinum is a typically winter early spring organism, because the temperature are important in the excystment and the developing of vegetative cells. Consequently, its occurence can well indicate relatively high concentrations of organic nutrients during the winter season in Hungarian freshwaters
Mikroalgák mint természetes hatóanyagforrások = Microalgae as the source of natural products
Absztrakt:
A gyĂłgyászatban felhasznált, valamint táplálĂ©kkiegĂ©szĂtĹ‘kĂ©nt alkalmazott növĂ©nyi
eredetű kĂ©szĂtmĂ©nyeknek, gyĂłgyszereknek manapság mĂ©g több mint a 90%-a a
magasabb rendű hajtásos növényekből származik, ugyanakkor egymástól független
körülmények miatt is egyre nagyobb figyelem irányul a különböző alacsonyabb
szerveződésű, fotoszintetizáló algaszervezetek ilyen irányú alkalmazására. Az
elmĂşlt 50 Ă©vben a szerkezetazonosĂtĂł mĂłdszerek fejlĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©vel, az
alga-tömegprodukciók, valamint a mesterséges alga termesztését (tenyésztését)
lehetővé tévő technológiák előretörésével számos szénhidrát, peptid, terpenoid,
alkaloid Ă©s fenoloid tĂpusĂş komponens kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ biolĂłgiai aktivitással kerĂĽlt
leĂrásra algákbĂłl. Ezzel egyidejűleg rĂ©szben tradicionális okokbĂłl, rĂ©szben
napjaink klinikai, preklinikai vizsgálataira alapozva nĂ©hány algafaj szárĂtott
termĂ©ke közvetlen felhasználásra kerĂĽl táplálĂ©kkiegĂ©szĂtĹ‘kĂ©nt, gyĂłgyhatásĂş
kĂ©szĂtmĂ©nykĂ©nt. A továbbiakban áttekintjĂĽk az algák felhasználásának,
alkalmazásának történeti hátterét, gazdasági jelentőségét, anyagcseréjük
sajátosságait. A változatos metabolittermelést egyes algafajok néhány különleges
hatással rendelkező molekuláinak jellemzésén keresztül mutatjuk be. A közvetlen
felhasználással is bĂrĂł mikroalgák (Spirulina sp.,
Chlorella sp., Haematococcus sp.,
Dunaliella sp.) kapcsán hatóanyag-mintázatukat, ismert
preklinikai és klinikai vizsgálatok eredményeit áttekintve ismertetjük azok
alkalmazási területeit. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(18): 703–708.
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Abstract:
More than 90% of herbal products and herbal medicines have been derived from
higher plants recently, but due to independent circumstances, several
photosynthetic microalgal species are in focus in this point of view. In the
last 50 years, many carbohydrate-, peptide-, terpenoid-, alkaloid- and
phenol-type components were described from algae because of the developing
structural determination and analytical methods, algae mass production and also
artificial algae technologies. At the same time, based partly on traditional
causes and partly on the clinical and preclinical data of today, some dried
products of algae are directly used as food supplements. Hereinafter, the
historical background, economic significance and metabolic background of the
mostly used microalgal species will be reviewed. The diverse metabolite
production of these organisms will be demonstrated by some molecules with
special bioactivity. Several preclinical and clinical studies will be described
relating to the microalgal species Spirulina sp.,
Chlorella sp., Haematococcus sp. and
Dunaliella sp. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(18): 703–708
Microcystin-LR and Cylindrospermopsin Induced Alterations in Chromatin Organization of Plant Cells
Cianobakteriális tömegprodukciĂłk toxintartalmának vizsgálata magyarországi vĂzterekben Ă©s a környezeti faktorok cianotoxintermelĂ©s-szabályozĂł hatásának fiziolĂłgiai Ă©s bioanalitikai vizsgálata izolált cianobaktĂ©rium törzseken. = The investigation of the toxin content of cyanobacterial mass production in Hungarian water bodies. Physiological and bioanalytical measurement of the effect of environmental factors on toxin production in isolated cyanobacterial strains.
A magyarországi vĂzvirágzások, algák Ă©s cianobaktĂ©riumok okozta tömegprodukciĂłk toxicitásának feltĂ©rkĂ©pezĂ©se során megvizsgáltuk milyen planktonikus fajok okoznak tömegprodukciĂłt Ă©s milyen toxinok megjelenĂ©se jellemzĹ‘ a magyarországi vĂzterekre. A magyarországi vĂzterekben elsĹ‘sorban a cianobaktĂ©riumok idĂ©znek elĹ‘ vĂzvirágzást Ă©s a toxikus tömegprodukciĂłk során a mikrocisztin variánsok megjelenĂ©sĂ©re lehet a legnagyobb valĂłszĂnűsĂ©ggel számĂtani. CĂ©lunk volt továbbá olyan mĂłdszerek kidolgozása, amelyek a leggyakoribb cianobakteriális toxinok nyomonkövetĂ©sĂ©t, termelĂ©sĂ©nek tanulmányozását lehetĹ‘vĂ© teszik valĂłs biolĂłgiai mátrixokbĂłl. A tĂ©ma kapcsán a legnagyobb kihĂvást jelentette, hogy a leggyakoribb cianotoxinok analĂzisĂ©re egy adott mĂłdszer nem lĂ©tezett, amivel egyidĹ‘ben (szimultán) lehet kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ kĂ©miai karakterű cianotoxinokat detektálni. Az általunk elsĹ‘kĂ©nt kidolgozott kapilláris elektroforĂ©zises mĂłdszer a fent emlĂtett problĂ©mát oldotta meg. A cianobakteriális toxintermelĂ©s laboratĂłriumi vizsgálata során, a cilindrospermopszin-termelĂ©st vizsgáltuk kĂ©n-, foszfor-, illetve nitrogĂ©nĂ©hezĂ©s körĂĽlmĂ©nyei között, az intracelluláris toxinkoncentráciĂłk tanulmányozásával a vegetatĂvsejtekben Ă©s a heterocisztában. A tápelem-Ă©hezĂ©ses kĂsĂ©rleteink során a növekedĂ©si rátátĂłl fĂĽggetlen toxintartalmat mĂ©rtĂĽnk a cilindrospermopszin-termelĹ‘ Aphanizomenon ovalisporum szervezetben. | Mass developments of algae and cyanobacteria mainly caused by eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems both in fresh water and in marine environments are a worldwide problem. Besides the ecologically important suppression of other cyanobacterial blooms hold a high risk for human and animal health due to the ability of several species to produce potent toxins. The cyanobacterial and algal toxins are a diverse group of natural toxins, both from the chemical and the toxicological points of view. The present research project focuses on occurrences and importance of mass production of toxic algae and cyanobacteria and their toxins in domestic waters using our developed analytical methods. In addition, we focus mainly on the alteration of cyanotoxin-production under different environmental conditions
Possible anticyanobacterial effects of Cryptomonas ovata (Cryptophyta) on Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria)
Quantification of main bioactive metabolites from saffron (Crocus sativus) stigmas by a micellar electrokinetic chromatographic (MEKC) method
Efficient biotransformation of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs by endophytic and epiphytic fungi from dried leaves of a medicinal plant, Plantago lanceolata L.
Filamentous fungi from Plantago lanceolata L. leaves: Contribution to the pattern and stability of bioactive metabolites
Efficient biotransformation of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs by endophytic and epiphytic fungi from dried leaves of a medicinal plant, Plantago lanceolata L.
In the current study, decomposition of diclofenac, diflunisal, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid and piroxicam was tested using nine identified strains of endophytic and epiphytic fungi (from Ascomycota) adapted to natural products resembling the pharmaceuticals. The strains were isolated from a medicinal plant, Plantago lanceolata leaves. Metabolites were tentatively identified by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS3). Eighteen of the 45 combinations resulted in significant decrease of the concentration of the NSAIDs in model solutions. The most active strains were Aspergillus nidulans and Bipolaris tetramera, while Epicoccum nigrum and Aspergillus niger showed somewhat less potency. Piroxicam and diclofenac were most resistant to biotransformation, while ibuprofen and mefenamic acid were efficiently metabolized by most strains. Ten metabolites could be tentatively identified, including hydroxy-metabolites of all tested NSAIDs, and a dihydroxy-metabolite of piroxicam. This biotransformation is likely to modify the toxicity and bioaccumulation potential of these pharmaceuticals. The results highlight the applicability of polyphenol-rich dried medicinal plant materials as an excellent source of fungi with high biotransforming potential. The results also suggest more in-depth testing of these fungi for biodegradation processes
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