Italia, Europa, Mondo. Liber amicorum di Franco Praussello

Questo volume vuole testimoniare la figura di Franco Praussello, economista dell'Universit\ue0 di Genova, per il suo contributo di studioso e anche per la sua amicizia, avvalorata dalla costante disponibilit\ue0 a collaborare con i colleghi, alcuni dei quali, in questo volume, si sono proposti quali testimoni, attraverso il liber amicorum, del suo infaticabile lavoro di ricerca. Franco Praussello ha maturato una vasta esperienza in gruppi di ricerca italiani ed esteri affrontando temi di politica economica, economia internazionale, economia dello sviluppo ed economia dell'integrazione europea; a ci\uf2 si aggiunge la lunga militanza europeista e federalista di Franco, sin da giovane impegnato in maniera diretta per la costruzione europea, a partire dalla sua partecipazione alla Giovent\uf9 federalista europea

IL-8 and its role as a potential biomarker of resistance to anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

The therapeutic armamentarium of metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) has consistently expanded in recent years, with the introduction of VEGF/VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitors, mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint (IC) inhibitors. Currently, for the first-tline treatment of mRCC it is possible to choose between a VEGFR-TKI (VEGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor) monotherapy, an ICI-ICI (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor) combination and an ICI-VEGFRTKI combination. However, a consistent part of patients does not derive benefit from first-line therapy with ICIs; moreover, the use of combination regimens exposes patients to significant toxicities. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop prognostic and predictive biomarkers of response to VEGFR-TKIs and ICIs, and measurement of serum IL-8 is emerging as a potential candidate in this field. Recent retrospective analyses of large phase II and phase III trials found that elevated baseline serum IL-8 correlated with higher levels of tumor and circulating immunosuppressive myeloid cells, decreased T cell activation and poor response to treatment. These findings must be confirmed in prospective clinical trials; however, they provide evidence for a potential use of serum IL-8 as biomarker of resistance to VEGFR-TKIs and ICIs. Considering the amount of new agents and treatment regimens which are transforming the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, serum IL-8 could become a precious resource in tailoring the best therapy for each individual patient with the disease

Unsung Hero Robert C. Gallo

Awarding the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine to Francoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier for the discovery of HIV-1, the causative agent of AIDS, is timely given the harm that the virus continues to inflict on the people of the world. While these awardees fully deserve the award, it is equally important to recognize the contributions of Robert C. Gallo. Gallo definitively proved HIV-1 as the cause of AIDS through the successful isolation and long-term cultivation of HIV-1 and developed a diagnostic kit that prevented new infections and saved thousands of lives. These contributions, together with Gallo's earlier discovery of interleukin-2 (fundamental for growing HIV-1 in vitro) and of HTLV-1, the first human pathogenic retrovirus, warrant equal recognition

Proceedings Of The 23Rd Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Congress: Part Two

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