232 research outputs found
Anomalous Defects and Their Quantized Transverse Conductivities
Using a description of defects in solids in terms of three-dimensional
gravity, we study the propagation of electrons in the background of
disclinations and screw dislocations. We study the situations where there are
bound states that are effectively localized on the defect and hence can be
described in terms of an effective 1+1 dimensional field theory for the low
energy excitations. In the case of screw dislocations, we find that these
excitations are chiral and can be described by an effective field theory of
chiral fermions. Fermions of both chirality occur even for a given direction of
the magnetic field. The ``net'' chirality of the system however is not always
the same for a given direction of the magnetic field, but changes from one sign
of the chirality through zero to the other sign as the Fermi momentum or the
magnitude of the magnetic flux is varied. On coupling to an external
electromagnetic field, the latter becomes anomalous, and predicts novel
conduction properties for these materials.Comment: New material added. ReVTeX , 31 pgs., 4 figs.(uses epsf
Design and Prototyping of a Bio-inspired Kinematic Sensing Suit for the Shoulder Joint: Precursor to a Multi-DoF Shoulder Exosuit
Soft wearable robots are a promising new design paradigm for rehabilitation
and active assistance applications. Their compliant nature makes them ideal for
complex joints like the shoulder, but intuitive control of these robots require
robust and compliant sensing mechanisms. In this work, we introduce the sensing
framework for a multi-DoF shoulder exosuit capable of sensing the kinematics of
the shoulder joint. The proposed tendon-based sensing system is inspired by the
concept of muscle synergies, the body's sense of proprioception, and finds its
basis in the organization of the muscles responsible for shoulder movements. A
motion-capture-based evaluation of the developed sensing system showed
conformance to the behaviour exhibited by the muscles that inspired its routing
and validates the hypothesis of the tendon-routing to be extended to the
actuation framework of the exosuit in the future. The mapping from multi-sensor
space to joint space is a multivariate multiple regression problem and was
derived using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The sensing framework was
tested with a motion-tracking system and achieved performance with root mean
square error (RMSE) of approximately 5.43 degrees and 3.65 degrees for the
azimuth and elevation joint angles, respectively, measured over 29000 frames
(4+ minutes) of motion-capture data.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 tabl
Nonlinearity Compensation in a Multi-DoF Shoulder Sensing Exosuit for Real-Time Teleoperation
The compliant nature of soft wearable robots makes them ideal for complex
multiple degrees of freedom (DoF) joints, but also introduce additional
structural nonlinearities. Intuitive control of these wearable robots requires
robust sensing to overcome the inherent nonlinearities. This paper presents a
joint kinematics estimator for a bio-inspired multi-DoF shoulder exosuit
capable of compensating the encountered nonlinearities. To overcome the
nonlinearities and hysteresis inherent to the soft and compliant nature of the
suit, we developed a deep learning-based method to map the sensor data to the
joint space. The experimental results show that the new learning-based
framework outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods by a large margin while
achieving 12ms inference time using only a GPU-based edge-computing device. The
effectiveness of our combined exosuit and learning framework is demonstrated
through real-time teleoperation with a simulated NAO humanoid robot.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to be published in IEEE
RoboSoft 202
Guardrail end accident analysis (FHWA-OK-92-09) 2190
This study documented attributes associated with guardrail end accidents on Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) roadways. The database which the researchers studied included accidents at a variety of guardrail end types, but most ends were either exposed or turned-down. The s everity of exposed and of turned-down guardrail end accidents in relation to lateral location of the guardrail, to vehicle rolling and vaulting, and to vehicle weight was investigated. Each acc ident report was read carefully to obtain relevant information for analyses. The results showed that on divided roads, vehicles struck median guardrail ends as often as right-side ends. On undivided roadways, right-side ends were struck 60% of the time. Fatalities or incapacitating injuries occurred in 1/6 of the end accidents. The vehicle vaulted or rolled in about 1/4 of the guardrail end accidents. The research indicated that turned-down guardrail end accidents had more vehicle rolling and/or vaulting than did exposed end accidents. Driver inattention was a factor in 1/3 of all guardrail end accidents. The majority of guardrail end accidents on the state system occurred on a small portion of the system, namely the higher volume roadways. The researchers sugge sted that accident reporting methods be enhanced, and that rumble strips be tested as a means to reduce guardrail end strike accidents. If newer, more expensive end treatments were installed, locating the new guardrail ends on a small portion of the system could address a maj ority of the end accident sites.Final Report, November 1991-December 1992N
Genus Zero Correlation Functions in c<1 String Theory
We compute N-point correlation functions of pure vertex operator states(DK
states) for minimal models coupled to gravity. We obtain agreement with the
matrix model results on analytically continuing in the numbers of cosmological
constant operators and matter screening operators. We illustrate this for the
cases of the and models.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, IMSc--92/35. (revised) minor changes plus one
reference adde
Sediment blue carbon stock of Avicennia officinalis in Vembanad Lake ecosystem, Kerala, India
Stock assessment of the blue carbon pool of selected patches of
mangrove sediment in the Vembanad Lake was done using the
standard protocols on a per ha basis and multiplied with the
estimated area to derive the blue carbon stock of the particular
fragmented mangrove stands of the species Avicennia officinalis
(Indian Mangrove), twice (in the post and pre-monsoon) during
October 2017-March 2018. The treatments included ‘aged’,
‘recent’, ‘healthy’ and ‘degraded’ mangroves of the selected
species and ‘control’ without mangroves. The overall mean
carbon stock in the A. officinalis sediments in selected locations
of the Vembanad Lake area was 136.09 Mg C/ha (Mg=mega
gram=1 tonne). This value is far low compared to the mean
global soil organic carbon stock in the mangrove ecosystem
(386 Mg C/ha). This finding suggests ample opportunity for
more carbon sequestration in the selected mangrove ecosystems
in Vembanad Lake, toward climate change mitigation measures.
The treatments differed significantly in the cumulative stock of
blue carbon and layer-wise blue carbon density in sediment
(p<0.05), the highest seen in ‘healthy’ mangroves in both
seasons. The overall range of layer-wise blue carbon density in
sediment was found to be 0.003 to 0.56 Mg/m3. Spatial maps
prepared for layer-wise blue carbon density in the sediment
revealed its depth-wise increase. Layer wise blue carbon stock in
sediment had a significant correlation with total organic carbon
and organic matter (p<0.01) and with the C/N ratio of the
sediment (p < 0.05). Based on the results, this study suggests
total organic carbon and the C/N ratio of sediment as possible
predictive indicators of sediment blue carbon
Public Health Service Project Py 71-1, National Institutes of Health Projects HE 11829 and HE 12536
SUMMARY Entrance block of an atrial premature beat (APB) into the atrioventricular node is demonstrated by its lack of effect on the A-V nodal conduction of a subsequent beat which is introduced before the full recovery time of the A-V node. This phenomenon was demonstrated in five patients by using programmed atrial stimulation and His bundle recordings. Entrance block into the A-V node occurred in a narrow range (28-33%) of the basic cycle length and concealed conduction occurred at coupling intervals longer than this range. It appears that entrance block of these early APBs is due to a "functional block" between the atrium and the A-V node
The association between delusional-like experiences, and tobacco, alcohol or cannabis use: a nationwide population-based survey
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous population-based studies have found that delusional-like experiences (DLE) are prevalent in the community, and are associated with a wide range of mental health disorders including substance use. The aim of the study was to explore the association between DLE and three commonly used substances - tobacco, alcohol and cannabis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Subjects were drawn from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing 2007. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify DLE, common psychiatric disorders, and substance use. We examined the relationship between the variables of interest using logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounding factors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of 8 773 participants, 8.4% (n = 776) subjects endorsed one or more DLE. With respect to tobacco use, compared to nonusers, DLE were more common in those who (a) had daily use, (b) commenced usage aged 15 years or less, and (c) those who smoked heavily (23 or more cigarettes per day). Participants with cannabis use disorders were more likely to endorse DLE; this association was most prominent in those with an onset of 16 years or younger. In contrast, the pattern of association between DLE versus alcohol use or dependence was less consistent, however those with early onset alcohol use disorders were more likely to endorse DLE probe items.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>While cannabis use disorders have been previously linked with DLE, our findings linking alcohol and tobacco use and DLE suggest that the influence of these substances on psychosis-related outcomes warrants closer scrutiny in longitudinal prospective studies.</p
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