Biophysical Investigation of Prolactin

This thesis investigates the biophysical properties of the pituitary hormone prolactin. The prolactin receptor is overexpressed in many types of cancer tissues, making prolactin a molecule of pharmacological interest. The nature of the interaction between prolactin and the prolactin receptor has been the subject of several studies, but results have been ambiguous. In an effort to clarify the lingering questions the formation of prolactin-prolactin receptor complexes in solution was studied using NMR and the wild type of prolactin and the extracellular domain of the prolactin receptor. It was shown that wild type prolactin is capable of forming both the binary and ternary complex with the extracellular domain of the prolactin receptor in solution, and it was determined which of the proposed binding affinities apply to wild type prolactin. It was demonstrated that the properties observed for the truncated and altered prolactin variants are shared by wild type prolactin. Lastly conformational entropy was ruled out as the driving force of the proposed allosteric effect. Furthermore, metal binding by members of the growth hormone family has been suggested to play a role in facilitating reversible packing in secretory granules. Paramagnetic metal titration and chelation experiments on recombinant prolactin monitored by NMR relaxation were performed and unambiguously determined two metal binding sites on prolactin. The relative orientation of the two distinct metal binding sites, together with aggregation studies of hPRL mutants at biologically relevant pH values, enabled the proposal of a mechanism for metal-induced aggregation entailing intermolecular bridging between the metal binding sites

A cost-minimisation analysis of performing point-of-care ultrasonography on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy in general practice:a decision analytical model

BACKGROUND: Spotting and light vaginal bleeding are common and usually harmless symptoms in early pregnancy. Still, vaginal bleeding may be the first sign of an abortion and often causes distress to pregnant women and leads to an expectation of an ultrasonography examination of the uterus. As point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly being integrated into general practice, these patients may be clinically evaluated and managed by general practitioners (GPs). This can potentially reduce referrals of patients from the primary to the secondary healthcare sector resulting in societal cost-savings. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether the accessibility of POCUS in general practice for patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is cost-saving compared to usual practice where GPs do not have access to POCUS. A secondary purpose of this study was to estimate a remuneration for GPs performing POCUS on these patients in general practice. METHODS: A cost-minimisation analysis was based on a decision tree model reflecting the two alternatives: general practice with and without GPs having access to POCUS. The robustness of the model results was investigated using probabilistic sensitivity analysis and the following deterministic sensitivity analyses: one-way analyses for the model input parameters and a scenario analysis with a change from a societal to a healthcare sector perspective. An expected remuneration reflecting the add-on cost of Danish GPs performing POCUS was estimated based on the related costs: cost of an ultrasonography scanner, GP’s time consumption, ultrasonography training, and utensils per scanning. RESULTS: The difference in average cost between the two alternatives from a societal perspective was estimated to be €110, in favour of general practice with GPs using POCUS. The deterministic sensitivity analyses demonstrated robustness of the results to plausible changes in the input parameters. The expected remuneration for performing POCUS in this specific setting was estimated to be €32 per examination. CONCLUSION: Having GPs perform POCUS on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is cost-saving compared to usual practice. The results should be taken with caution as this study was based on early modelling with uncertainties associated with the input parameters in the model. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-07463-y

Використання event-маркетингу в плануванні діяльності ТОВ «Микулинецький Бровар»

Акцентується увага на необхідності створення маркетингового плану для будь-якого підприємства, незалежно від форми власності та розмірів. Розглянуто сутність event - маркетингу та запропоновано event - заходи для реалізації маркетингового плану ТОВ«Мукулинецький Бровар»Accentuates the need to create a marketing plan for any enterprise, regardless of firm size. The essence of event - and proposed marketing event - measures to implement a marketing plan Ltd. Mukulynetskyy Brova

West Nordic Fisheries : Utilization of rest raw material

Marine bio resources, especially fish, are the most important resources and of common interest to the West Nordic countries. The overall aim of this project was to give an overview over the extent and availability of biological RRMs from marine resources in the West Nordic countries Iceland, Greenland and Faroe Islands, discuss promising innovation projects and list suggested actions for their implementation in the regions. The focus should be on increasing the value of main and side products, utilising multiple value streams, reducing waste and minimizing negative environmental impact. The project was financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers and initiated and steered by the Nordic Small Communities Working Group under the Nordic SCP Working group (HKP). It was conducted by Matis, Iceland

Structural and functional characterization of human and murine C5a anaphylatoxins

International audienc

Development of the Nordic Bioeconomy

In 2014 NCM initiated a new project: “Test centers for green energy solutions – Biorefineries and Business needs” to strengthen Nordic bioeconomy by identifying potentials, obstacles, needs and opportunities. The Nordic bioeconomy has a unique profile: Upgrade of many types of residues also to higher value products; good collaboration between private and public sector; R&D efforts in all Nordic countries. However, shortcomings were also identified: few activities across Nordic countries beyond designated Nordic programs; too few upscaling facilities; need for improved framework conditions (within regulatory and market stimulus) for biobased products. This report is part of the Nordic Prime Ministers' green growth initiative: “The Nordic Region – leading in green growth” - read more in the web magazine “Green Growth the Nordic Way” at www.nordicway.org or at www.norden.org/greengrowt

A cost-minimisation analysis of performing point-of-care ultrasonography on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy in general practice: a decision analytical model

Abstract Background Spotting and light vaginal bleeding are common and usually harmless symptoms in early pregnancy. Still, vaginal bleeding may be the first sign of an abortion and often causes distress to pregnant women and leads to an expectation of an ultrasonography examination of the uterus. As point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly being integrated into general practice, these patients may be clinically evaluated and managed by general practitioners (GPs). This can potentially reduce referrals of patients from the primary to the secondary healthcare sector resulting in societal cost-savings. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether the accessibility of POCUS in general practice for patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is cost-saving compared to usual practice where GPs do not have access to POCUS. A secondary purpose of this study was to estimate a remuneration for GPs performing POCUS on these patients in general practice. Methods A cost-minimisation analysis was based on a decision tree model reflecting the two alternatives: general practice with and without GPs having access to POCUS. The robustness of the model results was investigated using probabilistic sensitivity analysis and the following deterministic sensitivity analyses: one-way analyses for the model input parameters and a scenario analysis with a change from a societal to a healthcare sector perspective. An expected remuneration reflecting the add-on cost of Danish GPs performing POCUS was estimated based on the related costs: cost of an ultrasonography scanner, GP’s time consumption, ultrasonography training, and utensils per scanning. Results The difference in average cost between the two alternatives from a societal perspective was estimated to be €110, in favour of general practice with GPs using POCUS. The deterministic sensitivity analyses demonstrated robustness of the results to plausible changes in the input parameters. The expected remuneration for performing POCUS in this specific setting was estimated to be €32 per examination. Conclusion Having GPs perform POCUS on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is cost-saving compared to usual practice. The results should be taken with caution as this study was based on early modelling with uncertainties associated with the input parameters in the model

Additional file 1 of A cost-minimisation analysis of performing point-of-care ultrasonography on patients with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy in general practice: a decision analytical model

Additional file 1. Template for questionnair