[behavior Of Full Term Infants Small For Gestational Age In The First Three Months Of Life].

The objective was to compare the behavior of full-term infants small-for-gestational age (SGA) with full-term appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA). The sample considered 20 infants in the 1st, 2nd and in the 3rd months of life. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II were used, with attention to items related to Behavior Rate Scale (BRS). It was found that SGA infants showed lower average values in the BRS in the 2nd month. The Motor Quality Factor displayed significantly lower average values in SGA group, in the items Gross-motor Movement Required by Tasks, Control of Movements and Hypertonicity. The Attention/Arousal Factor in the items Exploration of Objects/Surroundings and Orientation to Examiner displayed significantly lower average values in the SGA group.621046-5

Behavior of full term infants small for gestational age in the first three months of life

The objective was to compare the behavior of full-term infants small-for-gestational age (SGA) with full-term appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA). The sample considered 20 infants in the 1st, 2nd and in the 3rd months of life. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II were used, with attention to items related to Behavior Rate Scale (BRS). It was found that SGA infants showed lower average values in the BRS in the 2nd month. The Motor Quality Factor displayed significantly lower average values in SGA group, in the items Gross-motor Movement Required by Tasks, Control of Movements and Hypertonicity. The Attention/Arousal Factor in the items Exploration of Objects/Surroundings and Orientation to Examiner displayed significantly lower average values in the SGA group.O objetivo foi comparar o comportamento de lactentes nascidos a termo com peso adequado (AIG) a lactantes pequenos para a idade gestacional (PIG), no primeiro trimestre de vida. A amostra foi de 20 lactentes, avaliados no 1º, 2º e 3º meses. Foram utilizadas as Escalas Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil - II, com ênfase na Escala de Classificação do Comportamento (ECC). Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos no 2º mês, com maior número de lactentes PIG classificados como alterados na ECC. O Fator Qualidade Motora demonstrou valores da mediana significativamente menores no grupo PIG, nos itens Motricidade Axial, Controle de Movimentos e Hipertonia Muscular. O Fator Atenção/Vigília não mostrou diferença entre os grupos. Entretanto, quando analisados os itens Exploração de Objetos e de Ambiente e Interação com o Examinador, houve diferença significativa no 2º mês, com valores da mediana menores no grupo PIG.1046105

[a Method To Evaluate Visual Ability In Infants].

The purpose of this study is to introduce a method to evaluate visual functions in infants in the first three months of life. An adaptation of the Guide for the Assessment of Visual Ability in Infants (Gagliardo, 1997) was used. The instrument was a ring with string. It was implemented a pilot study with 33 infants, selected according to the following criteria: neonates well enough to go home within two days of birth; 1 to 3 months of chronological age; monthly evaluation with no absence; subjects living in Campinas/SP metropolitan area. In the first month we observed: visual fixation (93,9%); eye contact (90,9%); horizontal tracking (72,7%); inspects surroundings (97,0%). In the third month, we observed: inspects own hands (42,4%) and increased movements of arms (36,4%). This method allowed the evaluation of visual functions in infants, according to the chronological age. Alterations in this function will facilitate immediate referral to medical services for diagnoses.62300-

Neurologic semiology in a sample of hearing impaired children

A random sample of 42 sensorioneural hearing impaired children (severe and bilateral) was studied, from special classes in Campinas, with chronological ages varying between 4 and 7 years old. The children of this sample were compared with two control groups of 42 children of the same chronological age, from regular classes of private and public schools. All of them were submitted to the traditional neurological examination. Hearing impaired children showed differences as to head circumference and muscle tonus. In the other examined items we found motor hyperactivity, cerebellar and ocular syndromes although there were no significant differences between the groups.Foi constituída uma amostra aleatória de 42 crianças deficientes auditivas neuros-sensoriaís congênitas, profundas e bilaterais, com idade cronológica variando entre 4 e 7 anos, que frequentavam classes de habilitação da cidade de Campinas. As crianças propostas foram comparadas com dois grupos controles de 42 crianças, da mesma faixa etária, de classe comum. Todas foram submetidas ao exame neurológico tradicional. Verificou-se que os aspectos que demonstraram diferenças foram o perímetro craniano e o tono muscular. Nos demais itens avaliados, mostrou-se hiperatividade motora, síndrome cerebelar e síndrome ocular, porém não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos.34134

Evaluation of the static equilibrium in a sample of hearing impaired children

A random sample was organized with 42 children with congenital sensorineural auditory deficit (severe and bilateral) from special education schools in Campinas. Chronological ages ranged from 4 to 7 years of age. This sample was compared with two control groups of 42 children of the same chronological age but attending normal classes. All were submitted to 9 tests of the set of static equilibrium of the Evolutive Neurologic Examination. It was observed that in the position of equilibrium with opened eyes (test 8) there were no differences between the groups. In the Romberg position, the hearing impaired children of 4, 5 and 6 years of age showed a significant decrease in the ability to do the test (test 9); those of 7 years of age had equal ability whether of the control or the deficient groups. Hearing impaired children were less able to do other static equilibrium tests (heel-toe or one foot or tip-toe standing tests, with opened or closed eyes: tests 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 25 and 26). The use of detailed neurological semiology allowed us to support the alteration of the static equilibrium in this group of hearing impaired children.Foi constituída amostra aleatória de 42 crianças deficientes auditivas neurossen-soriais congênitas, profundas e bilaterais, com idade cronológica variando entre 4 e 7 anos, que frequentavam classes de habilitação da cidade de Campinas. As crianças propostas foram comparadas) às de dois grupos controles de 42 crianças, da mesma faixa etária, que apresentavam bom rendimento escolar em classe comum. Todas foram submetidas a 9 provas do setor de equilíbrio estático do Exame Neurológico Evolutivo. Verificou-se que, na posição de equilíbrio com olhos abertos, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Na posição de Romberg, foi significativamente menor o número de deficientes auditivos que a realizaram aos 4, 5 e 6 anos; aos 7 anos foi executada por igual número de controles e deficientes auditivos. As demais provas foram realizadas por número significativamente menor de deficientes auditivos nas seguintes posturas: artelho-calcâneo com olhos abertos ou fechados (provas 24 e 25), permanecer num pé só (provas 12 e 16) ou nas pontas dos pés (provas 10 e 16). O uso de semiologia neurológica detalhada permitiu documentar as alterações do equilíbrio estático nesse grupo de crianças deficientes auditivas.34635

Neurodevelopment of full-term small-for-gestacional age infants in the second month of life

The objective of the present study was to assess and to compare the neurodevelopment of full-term adequate (AGA) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants in the second month of life. Sixty-seven infants were evaluated: 43 AGA and 24 SGA, making use of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The SGA group Index Score (IS) was significantly lower in Mental and Motor Scales. Considering the body proportionality (Asymmetric, Symmetric-SGA and Control group) there was difference in Motor Scale (p=0.003) with lower scores in the Symmetric-SGA group. Comparing to the Control group IS percentiles, in Mental Scale there was difference between Asymmetric X Symmetric-SGA; in Motor Scale, there was difference between the Asymmetric X Control (p=0.039) and Symmetric-SGA X Control (p=0.007) groups; there was no difference between Asymmetric and Symmetric-SGA although both exhibited lower scores than the Control group.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo, com peso adequado (AIG) ou pequeno para a idade gestacional (PIG), no 2º mês de vida. Avaliaram-se 67 lactentes: 43 AIG e 24 PIG, utilizando as Bayley Scales of Infant Development. O Index Score (IS) nas Escalas Mental e Motora foi significativamente menor no grupo PIG. Considerando a proporcionalidade corporal (Grupos Controle, Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico), houve diferença significativa na Escala Motora (p=0,003), com menores pontuações no grupo PIG-Simétrico. Comparados aos percentis de IS do grupo Controle, na Escala Mental, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X PIG-Simétrico; na Escala Motora, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X Controle (p=0,039) e PIG-Simétrico X Controle (p=0,0007); não houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico, ambos apresentando menores pontuações que o grupo Controle.758

Neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo pequenos para a idade gestacional no segundo mês de vida Neurodevelopment of full-term small-for-gestacional age infants in the second month of life

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo, com peso adequado (AIG) ou pequeno para a idade gestacional (PIG), no 2º mês de vida. Avaliaram-se 67 lactentes: 43 AIG e 24 PIG, utilizando as Bayley Scales of Infant Development. O Index Score (IS) nas Escalas Mental e Motora foi significativamente menor no grupo PIG. Considerando a proporcionalidade corporal (Grupos Controle, Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico), houve diferença significativa na Escala Motora (p=0,003), com menores pontuações no grupo PIG-Simétrico. Comparados aos percentis de IS do grupo Controle, na Escala Mental, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X PIG-Simétrico; na Escala Motora, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X Controle (p=0,039) e PIG-Simétrico X Controle (p=0,0007); não houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico, ambos apresentando menores pontuações que o grupo Controle.The objective of the present study was to assess and to compare the neurodevelopment of full-term adequate (AGA) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants in the second month of life. Sixty-seven infants were evaluated: 43 AGA and 24 SGA, making use of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The SGA group Index Score (IS) was significantly lower in Mental and Motor Scales. Considering the body proportionality (Asymmetric, Symmetric-SGA and Control group) there was difference in Motor Scale (p=0.003) with lower scores in the Symmetric-SGA group. Comparing to the Control group IS percentiles, in Mental Scale there was difference between Asymmetric X Symmetric-SGA; in Motor Scale, there was difference between the Asymmetric X Control (p=0.039) and Symmetric-SGA X Control (p=0.007) groups; there was no difference between Asymmetric and Symmetric-SGA although both exhibited lower scores than the Control group