Quantification of Self-Healing Effect of Bacillus Subtilis on Cementitious Material

In this paper, the self-healing ability of the bacterial concrete is tested and compared numerically with the conventional concrete. Micro-cracks cause degradation of strength which leads to deterioration of structures. To improve the life span of structures, self-healing techniques are used. One such technique is bacterial concrete which remediates cracks in concrete by using microbes as the self-healing agent. The self-healing agent is embedded into the cement mortar and its behaviour is studied. Control and bacterial specimens are cast and the tests like compressive strength, porosity, UPV test, ESEM, EDAX are done. ESEM and EDAX results show that the calcium precipitates formed in the micro-cracks at micron levels, to initiate the self-healing of mortar. UPV results show 3.90% of healing at the end of 45 days

Fabric Defect Identification Using Back Propagation Neural Networks

Fabric defect identification plays a very important role for the automatic detection in fabrics. Fabric defect identification mainly includes three parts: The first, preprocessing with Frequency domain Butterworth Low pass Filter and Histogram Equalization. The second, extraction of texture features from fabric using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM).The Co-occurrence matrix characterizes the distribution of co-occurring pixel values in an image to be at a given offset, and then the statistical features are extracted from this matrix. The Third, the extracted GLCM features are used for the classification of the texture using Back Propagation Neural Network with different learning rules for their effectiveness comparison

Indications and outcome of repeat penetrating keratoplasty in India

BACKGROUND: Repeat penetrating keratoplasty is quite often required as there is high chance of failure of the primary graft particularly in the developing world. We planned a study to analyze the indications and outcome of repeat penetrating keratoplasty in a tertiary care centre in India. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all the patients who underwent repeat penetrating keratoplasty, between January 1999 and December 2001 was performed. The parameters evaluated were indication for the primary penetrating keratoplasty, causes of failure of the previous graft, and final visual outcome and clarity of the repeat corneal grafts. RESULTS: Of fifty-three eyes of 50 patients with repeat penetrating keratoplasty (three patients underwent bilateral corneal regrafts), 37 eyes had undergone one regraft each, 14 eyes two regrafts and two eyes had three regrafts. The follow-up of the patients ranged from one to three years. The most common primary etiologic diagnosis was vascularized corneal scars (66%), of which the scars related to infection were most common (68.5%). Twenty-eight regrafts (52.8%) remained clear at a mean follow-up of 1.54 ± 0.68 years, of which 25 were single regrafts (89.3%). The commonest cause of failure of regraft was infection to the corneal graft (recurrence of herpetic infection in 9 eyes and perforated graft ulcers in 3 eyes). Three (18.6%) of the 16 eyes with multiple corneal regrafts achieved a BCVA of 6/60. Overall, only five eyes (all with single regraft) achieved a BCVA of 6/18 or better at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Graft infection is the leading cause of failure of repeat keratoplasty in this part of the world. Prognosis for visual recovery and graft survival is worse in eyes undergoing multiple regrafts

A comparative study on Light Gauge Member and Castellated Beam

Abstract: This research paper examines the comparative study on strength characteristics of a Cold rolled steel with castellated beam under the lateral distortional and torsional buckling modes.  For studying a beam element, a STADD model is built. In the examination of cold-formed steel sections, material nonlinearity and geometric imperfection were taken into account. Variations in length and cross-section of a finite element model were investigated. For cold-formed steel sections and castellated beams, the load-deflection curve is plotted and examined. To investigate the strength and behavior of castellated steel beams, finite element modeling was used to modify the cross-section. The study shows that the web distortional buckling has been greatly influenced by the failure load in a castellated steel beams. The failure load of the beam is influenced by the steel strength; the higher the steel strength, the higher the failure load. The high-strength castellated steel beam fails due to local flange buckling, whereas the regular castellated steel beam fails due to lateral-torsional buckling in the web

Acoustical Studies on the Ternary Mixture of 1, 4- Dioxane + Chloroform + Cyclohexane liquid Mixtures At 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K

Ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity of the ternary mixture of 1, 4- dioxane + chloroform + cyclohexane, were measured at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. The thermodynamical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi), acoustic impedance (Z), molar sound velocity (R) and molar compressibility (W) have been obtained from the experimental data for all the mixtures, with a view to investigate the exact nature of molecular interaction. Adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length decrease with increase in concentration and temperature. The other parameters show almost increasing concentration of solutes. These parameters have been further used to interpret the molecular interaction part of the solute and solvent in the mixtures