Evaluatie van de mini-FLOTAC-methode voor de detectie van gastro-intestinale parasieten bij grote huisdieren

A new technique, mini-FLOTAC, has recently been developed for the microscopic diagnosis of infections with gastro-intestinal nematodes in domestic animals. In this comparative study of diagnostic techniques, the mini-FLOTAC technique was compared to the commonly used McMaster technique for the detection and quantification of gastro-intestinal parasites in livestock as well as for the evaluation of the time needed to perform the assays. One hundred fecal samples (78 horses, 11 bovines, 6 sheep and 5 goats) were examined with both the mini-FLOTAC and McMaster technique. This revealed that more infections with gastro-intestinal parasites could be diagnosed with the mini-FLOTAC technique than with the McMaster technique, but the comparative study also showed a very high correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.90, p < 0.001) between both techniques regarding the number of eggs per gram feces (EPG) detected. The time needed to examine the samples with the mini-FLOTAC technique (13 minutes) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the time needed with the McMaster technique (6 minutes). This difference in time also depended on the observed EPG value, as with high EPG values, the difference in time between both techniques increased even more. In conclusion, the mini-FLOTAC technique can be preferred when an accurate diagnosis of a low infection level is necessary, e.g. to detect anthelmintic resistance. In other circumstances, the faster McMaster technique can be considered as the preferable technique

Indications and Outcomes for Deferred Cytoreductive Nephrectomy Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combination Therapy: Can Systemic Therapy be Withdrawn in Patients with No Evidence of Disease?

Background: Upfront cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) is no longer the standard of care for patients with metastastic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with intermediate or poor prognosis according to the International mRCC Database Consortium categories. Objective: To investigate indications for CN following first-line ipilimumab-nivolumab, and assess management and outcomes for patients achieving no evidence of disease (NED) after CN. Design, setting, and participants: This was a retrospective cohort study among 125 patients with synchronous mRCC who received ipilimumab-nivolumab treatment between March 2019 and June 2022 at four European centres. At one of the four centres, nivolumab was stopped following NED. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: We measured complete response of metastases (mCR) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1; near-complete response of mestastases (mnCR) was defined as a >80% reduction in cumulative metastatic volume. Treatment-free survival (TFS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were determined. Results and limitations: At median follow-up of 25 mo, 23/125 patients (18%) had undergone deferred CN. Of 26 patients (21%) with mCR or mnCR, 19 (73%) underwent CN to achieve NED, of whom 11 (58%) discontinued nivolumab, with median TFS of 21 mo. For patients who continued (n = 8, 42%) versus discontinued nivolumab following NED, 2-yr DFS was 83% versus 60% (p = 0.675) and 3-yr CSS was 100% versus 70% (p = 0.325). Four patients underwent CN because of a dissociated response of the primary tumour and were still alive at median follow-up of 5 mo. Conclusions: CN can result in NED, durable DFS, and substantial time off systemic therapy. More collaborative data are required to ascertain the benefits of treatment discontinuation versus oncologic safety. Patient summary: In our study using real-world data, 18% of patients treated with immunotherapy underwent deferred kidney surgery. The majority were free of disease after 3 years. Half of the patients who stopped immunotherapy after surgery have been off therapy for 21 months or longer. Larger studies are needed to investigate the effect of kidney surgery and discontinuation of immunotherapy on survival

First evidence for off-shell production of the Higgs boson and measurement of its width

The first evidence for off-shell Higgs production is reported in the final state with two Z bosons decaying into either four charged leptons (muons or electrons), or two charged leptons and two neutrinos, and a measurement of the Higgs boson width is performed. Results are based on data from the CMS experiment at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 140 fb$^{-1}$. The total rate of off-shell Higgs boson production beyond the Z boson pair production threshold, relative to its standard model expectation, is constrained to the interval [0.0061, 2.0] at 95% confidence level. The scenario with no off-shell production is excluded at 99.97% confidence level (3.6 standard deviations). The width of the Higgs boson is extracted as $\Gamma_{\mathrm{H}}$ = 3.2$_{-1.7}^{+2.4}$ MeV, in agreement with the standard model expectation of 4.1 MeV. The data are also used to set new constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to W and Z boson pairs

First evidence for off-shell production of the Higgs boson and measurement of its width

The first evidence for off-shell Higgs production is reported in the final state with two Z bosons decaying into either four charged leptons (muons or electrons), or two charged leptons and two neutrinos, and a measurement of the Higgs boson width is performed. Results are based on data from the CMS experiment at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 140 fb$^{-1}$. The total rate of off-shell Higgs boson production beyond the Z boson pair production threshold, relative to its standard model expectation, is constrained to the interval [0.0061, 2.0] at 95% confidence level. The scenario with no off-shell production is excluded at 99.97% confidence level (3.6 standard deviations). The width of the Higgs boson is extracted as $\Gamma_{\mathrm{H}}$ = 3.2$_{-1.7}^{+2.4}$ MeV, in agreement with the standard model expectation of 4.1 MeV. The data are also used to set new constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to W and Z boson pairs

Observation of electroweak W+W− pair production in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at <math altimg="si1.svg"><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo linebreak="goodbreak" linebreakstyle="after">=</mo><mn>13</mn><mspace width="0.2em"/><mtext>TeV</mtext></math>

International audienceAn observation is reported of the electroweak production of a W+W− pair in association with two jets, with both W bosons decaying leptonically. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV, collected by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly two opposite-sign leptons (electrons or muons) and two jets with large pseudorapidity separation and high dijet invariant mass. Events are categorized based on the flavor of the final-state leptons. A signal is observed with a significance of 5.6 standard deviations (5.2 expected) with respect to the background-only hypothesis. The measured fiducial cross section is 10.2±2.0fb and this value is consistent with the standard model prediction of 9.1±0.6fb

Constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to vector bosons and fermions from the production of Higgs bosons using the ττ\tau\tau final state

A study of anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons and fermions is presented. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of pp collisions at the LHC of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The study uses Higgs boson candidates produced mainly in gluon fusion or electroweak vector boson fusion at the LHC that subsequently decay to a pair of $\tau$ leptons. Matrix-element and machine-learning techniques were employed in a search for anomalous interactions. The results are combined with those from the four-lepton and two-photon decay channels to yield the most stringent constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to date. The pure CP-odd scenario of the Higgs boson coupling to gluons is excluded at 2.4 standard deviations. The results are consistent with the standard model predictions.A study of anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons and fermions is presented. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of pp collisions at the LHC of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb-1. The study uses Higgs boson candidates produced mainly in gluon fusion or electroweak vector boson fusion at the LHC that subsequently decay to a pair of τ leptons. Matrix-element and machine-learning techniques were employed in a search for anomalous interactions. The results are combined with those from the four-lepton and two-photon decay channels to yield the most stringent constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to date. The pure CP-odd scenario of the Higgs boson coupling to gluons is excluded at 2.4 standard deviations. The results are consistent with the standard model predictions.A study of anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons and fermions is presented. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of pp collisions at the LHC of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The study uses Higgs boson candidates produced mainly in gluon fusion or electroweak vector boson fusion at the LHC that subsequently decay to a pair of $\tau$ leptons. Matrix-element and machine-learning techniques were employed in a search for anomalous interactions. The results are combined with those from the four-lepton and two-photon decay channels to yield the most stringent constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to date. The pure $CP$-odd scenario of the Higgs boson coupling to gluons is excluded at 2.4 standard deviations. The results are consistent with the standard model predictions

Azimuthal correlations in Z +jets events in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}

The production of Z bosons associated with jets is measured in $\text {p}\text {p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$ with data recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3$\,\text {fb}^{-1}$. The multiplicity of jets with transverse momentum $p_{\textrm{T}} > 30\,\text {Ge}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$ is measured for different regions of the Z boson’s $p_{\textrm{T}} (\text {Z })$, from lower than 10$\,\text {Ge}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$ to higher than 100$\,\text {Ge}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$. The azimuthal correlation $\varDelta \phi$ between the Z boson and the leading jet, as well as the correlations between the two leading jets are measured in three regions of $p_{\textrm{T}} (\text {Z })$. The measurements are compared with several predictions at leading and next-to-leading orders, interfaced with parton showers. Predictions based on transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions and corresponding parton showers give a good description of the measurement in the regions where multiple parton interactions and higher jet multiplicities are not important. The effects of multiple parton interactions are shown to be important to correctly describe the measured spectra in the low $p_{\textrm{T}} (\text {Z })$ regions