Породы песчаники – редкие материалы высокой крепости – уникальные фрикционные материалы

Розглядаються питання при підготовці до відпрацювання пологих вугільних пластів на великих глибинах в умовах шахти «Довжанська Капітальна» ТОВ "ДТЕК Свердловантрацит". Проведено дослідження вміщуючих підготовчу виробку порід. Запропоновано можливості проектування комплексного видобутку супутніх корисних компонентів при підготовці Антрацитівського пластів до видобутку.The questions in preparation for mining of shallow coal seams at great depths in the mine "Dolzhanskaya Capital" LLC "DTEK Sverdlovantratsit." Investigations of host rocks of underground working. Suggested the possibility of designing an integrated co-production of useful components in preparation Antratsitovskogo of flat seam to production

Medication screening using Beers and STOPP/START criteria for elderly patients: Association between potentially inappropriate medication and medication-related hospital admissions

OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of medication-related hospital admissions associated with inappropriate medication use applying the Beers and the STOPP/START criteria. There are multiple screening methods to detect and reduce potentially inappropriate medication [PIM] and prescribing omissions (PPOs). Whether this will result in less medication-related hospitalisations is unknown. DESIGN A nested case-control study was conducted with a subset of patients of the Hospital Admissions Related to Medication (HARM) study. METHODS Cases were defined as patients ≥65 years with a potentially preventable medication-related hospital admission. For each case one control was selected, matched on age and sex. The primary determinant was defined as the presence of one or more PlMs and/or PPOs according to the Beers 2012 and the STOPP/START criteria. The strength of the association between a PIM/PPO and a medication-related hospital admission was evaluated with multivariate logistic regression and expressed as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (Cl95). RESULTS PlMs and PPOs detected with the STOPP/START criteria are associated with medication-related hospital admissions [OR 3.47; CI95 1.70-7.09], while for the presence of PIMs according to the Beers 2012 criteria a non-significant trend was visible (ORadj 1.49; CI95 0.90-2.47). CONCLUSION Both the STOPP/START criteria and the Beers 2012 criteria can be used to identify older people at risk for medication-related problems. The choice which set of criteria should be used is more dependent on other factors (e.g. national guidelines, practical considerations) than on the association of each set with ADR-related hospital admission

Systematic Review of Medicine-Related Problems in Adult Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Direct Oral Anticoagulants

New oral anticoagulant agents continue to emerge on the market and their safety requires assessment to provide evidence of their suitability for clinical use. There-fore, we searched standard databases to summarize the English language literature on medicine-related problems (MRPs) of direct oral anticoagulants DOACs (dabigtran, rivaroxban, apixban, and edoxban) in the treatment of adults with atri-al fibrillation. Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstract (IPA), Scopus, CINAHL, the Web of Science and Cochrane were searched from 2008 through 2016 for original articles. Studies pub-lished in English reporting MRPs of DOACs in adult patients with AF were in-cluded. Seventeen studies were identified using standardized protocols, and two reviewers serially abstracted data from each article. Most articles were inconclusive on major safety end points including major bleeding. Data on major safety end points were combined with efficacy. Most studies inconsistently reported adverse drug reactions and not adverse events or medication error, and no definitions were consistent across studies. Some harmful drug effects were not assessed in studies and may have been overlooked. Little evidence is provided on MRPs of DOACs in patients with AF and, therefore, further studies are needed to establish the safety of DOACs in real-life clinical practice

Effect of gastric banding on pharmacotherapy:not much known

Following placement of gastric banding, the time that medication remains in the proximal part of the stomach may increase variably. This can lead to problems with oral administration of enteric coated or controlled-release preparations. Problems can be avoided by changing over to another form ofa dministration or sometimes by changing to another active compound. The placement of a gastric band changes the size of the stomach opening and the volume of the functional part of the stomach. Other than oral tablets, alternative formulations of medication, such as liquid or rectal forms are not always available, sometimes the only solution for giving some medication is to ground the tablet finely into powder for oral administration. For tablets with enteric coating or controlled release changing to normal tablets is not always perceivable. Patients should receive adequate instructions for intake and information on their therapy so that they do not fail to comply with treatment if tablets have a nasty taste after being ground into powder. The fat and water balance of both obese patients and patients who are losing weight is not usually known. Patients who have gastric banding should have medication dosages especially for medication with a narrow therapeutic index followed under strict supervision and have regular blood tests so that any necessary dosage adjustments can be made. At present little data are available to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of gastric banding on pharmacotherapy. The potential consequences ofgastric banding on pharmacotherapy, together with the increasing frequency of gastric banding surgery, emphasize the need for further research in this field.</p

Invloed van een maagband op farmacotherapie: nog weinig bekend

Following placement of gastric banding, the time that medication remains in the proximal part of the stomach may increase variably. This can lead to problems with oral administration of enteric coated or controlled-release preparations. Problems can be avoided by changing over to another form ofa dministration or sometimes by changing to another active compound. The placement of a gastric band changes the size of the stomach opening and the volume of the functional part of the stomach. Other than oral tablets, alternative formulations of medication, such as liquid or rectal forms are not always available, sometimes the only solution for giving some medication is to ground the tablet finely into powder for oral administration. For tablets with enteric coating or controlled release changing to normal tablets is not always perceivable. Patients should receive adequate instructions for intake and information on their therapy so that they do not fail to comply with treatment if tablets have a nasty taste after being ground into powder. The fat and water balance of both obese patients and patients who are losing weight is not usually known. Patients who have gastric banding should have medication dosages especially for medication with a narrow therapeutic index followed under strict supervision and have regular blood tests so that any necessary dosage adjustments can be made. At present little data are available to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of gastric banding on pharmacotherapy. The potential consequences ofgastric banding on pharmacotherapy, together with the increasing frequency of gastric banding surgery, emphasize the need for further research in this field

The Association Between Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing and Medication-Related Hospital Admissions in Older Patients : A Nested Case Control Study

Introduction: Medication-related problems can cause serious adverse drug events (ADEs) that may lead to hospitalization of the patient. There are multiple screening methods to detect and reduce potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs). Whether this will result in less medication-related hospitalizations is unknown. The study objective was to assess the risk of preventable medication-related hospital admissions associated with potentially inappropriate prescribing, using the Beers 2012 and the Screening Tool of Older Person’s Prescriptions and the Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (STOPP & START) 2008 criteria. Design, setting and participants: A nested case–control study was conducted with a subset of Dutch participants from the Hospital Admissions Related to Medication (HARM) study. Cases were defined as patients aged ≥65 years with a potentially preventable medication-related hospital admission. For each case, one control was selected, matched for age and sex. The primary determinant was the presence of one or more PIMs according to the Beers 2012 and STOPP 2008 criteria. The secondary determinant was the presence of one or more PIMs and PPOs according to the STOPP & START 2008 criteria. The strength of the association between inappropriate prescribing and medication-related hospital admission was evaluated with multivariate logistic regression and expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The prevalence of Beers 2012 criteria PIMs in the total cohort was 44.4 %. The prevalence of STOPP & START 2008 criteria PIMs and PPOs were, respectively, 34.1 and 57.7 %. STOPP 2008 criteria PIMs were associated with preventable medication-related hospital admissions [OR adjusted for number of drugs and comorbidities (ORadj) 2.30, 95 % CI 1.30–4.07], whereas there was no association with Beers 2012 criteria PIMs (ORadj 1.49, 95 % CI 0.90–2.47). STOPP PIMs and START PPOs together were also associated with preventable medication-related hospital admissions (ORadj 3.47, 95 % CI 1.70–7.09). Conclusion: Our study shows that patients with potentially inappropriate prescribing detected with the STOPP & START 2008 criteria are at risk of preventable medication-related hospital admissions. The STOPP & START 2008 criteria can be used to identify older people at risk of medication-related problems