Employee workplace effectiveness : implications for performance management practices and research

This article discusses the implications for senior managers and human resource management (HRM) specialists of operating a performance management system that takes into account employee workplace effectiveness. Performance management systems need to be compatible with, and complemented by, other HRM systems. If sub-par employee performance is diagnosed to reflect shortcomings of organizational culture, this is a call to top management to indicate, through acts of leadership, their commitment to building a culture that expects and values citizenship, emotional labor and intelligence, and ethics. At the level of organization, collective capabilities, such as gaining the trust of customers, or arriving at tailored solutions through cross-functional collaboration, may reflect core competencies that draw upon the non-task performance domains to provide sustained competitive advantage. A major contemporary challenge for strategic HRM is to realize the full gamut of capabilities and core competencies of organizations and their members. It is suggested that in order to achieve this, employee performance management systems should not focus narrowly on task performance, should emphasize employee development rather than control, and should consider judgments from all sides about employees\u27 actual and potential contributions in the supporting performance domains of citizenship, emotions, and ethics