57 research outputs found
Π€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π° - ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° (ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ - ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π±Π°Π½ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° - ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ
Rasch analysis of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) in burn scars
The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) is a questionnaire that was developed to assess scar quality. It consists of two separate six-item scales (Observer Scale and Patient Scale), both of which are scored on a 10-point rating scale. After many years of experience with this scale in burn scar assessment, it is appropriate to examine its psychometric properties using Rasch analysis. Cross-sectional data collection from seven clinical trials resulted in a data set of 1,629 observer scores and 1,427 patient scores of burn scars. We examined the person-item map, item fit statistics, reliability, response category ordering, and dimensionality of the POSAS. The POSAS showed an adequate fit to the Rasch model, except for the item surface area. Person reliability of the Observer Scale and Patient Scale was 0.82 and 0.77, respectively. Dimensionality analysis revealed that the unexplained variance by the first contrast of both scales was 1.7 units. Spearman correlation between the Observer Scale Rasch measure and the overall opinion of the clinician was 0.75. The Rasch model demonstrated that the POSAS is a reliable and valid scale that measures the single-construct scar qualit
Lawson criterion for ignition exceeded in an inertial fusion experiment
For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37Β MJ of fusion for 1.92Β MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion
Psychological distress in ethnic minority parents of preschool children with burns
Background: Literature indicates that children from ethnic minorities are at increased risk of sustaining burns. Moreover, parents may experience more psychological distress but why this is the case is poorly investigated. Methods: A prospective study including 120 mothers and 106 fathers of preschool children, of which 23 mothers and 24 fathers had an ethnic minority background, investigated levels of parental feelings of guilt, depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms and compared Dutch parents with parents from different ethnic backgrounds on these outcomes. A qualitative study with 46 parents, 24 Dutch and 22 from different ethnic minority backgrounds, explored how they coped with the consequences of the burns. Results: Results revealed more symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression in ethnic minority parents. Ethnic minority fathers also had more guilt feelings. Lower social support, medical communication hampered by language barriers, lower health literacy and passive communication styles, (aspects of) religious coping and barriers to psychosocial care may partly explain the differences. Conclusions: Parents with an ethnic minority background are at risk to experience increased distress after their child's burn injury. By exploring the aforementioned factors, health care professionals may increase the family's wellbeing. It may provide a starting point to offer tailored help
Psychological distress in ethnic minority parents of preschool children with burns
Background: Literature indicates that children from ethnic minorities are at increased risk of sustaining burns. Moreover, parents may experience more psychological distress but why this is the case is poorly investigated. Methods: A prospective study including 120 mothers and 106 fathers of preschool children, of which 23 mothers and 24 fathers had an ethnic minority background, investigated levels of parental feelings of guilt, depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms and compared Dutch parents with parents from different ethnic backgrounds on these outcomes. A qualitative study with 46 parents, 24 Dutch and 22 from different ethnic minority backgrounds, explored how they coped with the consequences of the burns. Results: Results revealed more symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression in ethnic minority parents. Ethnic minority fathers also had more guilt feelings. Lower social support, medical communication hampered by language barriers, lower health literacy and passive communication styles, (aspects of) religious coping and barriers to psychosocial care may partly explain the differences. Conclusions: Parents with an ethnic minority background are at risk to experience increased distress after their child's burn injury. By exploring the aforementioned factors, health care professionals may increase the family's wellbeing. It may provide a starting point to offer tailored help
Itching following burns:epidemiology and predictors
Background: Itching (pruritus) following burns is a well-known clinical problem. However, there are no long-term prospective studies that document the course and the extent of the problem. Studies on risk factors are anecdotal. Objectives: To study self-reported itching in a multicentre cohort among adults with burns at 3, 12 and 24 months postburn. Further, to examine psychological and injury characteristics in relation to itching at these three points in time. Methods: Itching was assessed as part of a self-report scar complaint list in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Injury characteristics, demographics and self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms were examined as possible risk factors in three linear regression models. Results: A total of 510 persons participated. The reported prevalence rates of mild to severe itching were as high as 87%, 70% and 67% at the three respective points in time. Significant predictors of itching at all three points in time were deep dermal injury and early post-traumatic stress symptoms. Along with these, total burned surface area and female gender were predictors at 3 months postburn. Conclusions: Itching remains a significant problem over a 2-year period. Individuals having undergone surgical procedures and experiencing early post-traumatic distress are more likely to suffer from long-term and persistent itching. Implications regarding practice and research are discussed
Itching following burns: epidemiology and predictors
BACKGROUND: Itching (pruritus) following burns is a well-known clinical problem. However, there are no long-term prospective studies that document the course and the extent of the problem. Studies on risk factors are anecdotal. OBJECTIVES: To study self-reported itching in a multicentre cohort among adults with burns at 3, 12 and 24 months postburn. Further, to examine psychological and injury characteristics in relation to itching at these three points in time. METHODS: Itching was assessed as part of a self-report scar complaint list in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Injury characteristics, demographics and self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms were examined as possible risk factors in three linear regression models. RESULTS: A total of 510 persons participated. The reported prevalence rates of mild to severe itching were as high as 87%, 70% and 67% at the three respective points in time. Significant predictors of itching at all three points in time were deep dermal injury and early post-traumatic stress symptoms. Along with these, total burned surface area and female gender were predictors at 3 months postburn. CONCLUSIONS: Itching remains a significant problem over a 2-year period. Individuals having undergone surgical procedures and experiencing early post-traumatic distress are more likely to suffer from long-term and persistent itching. Implications regarding practice and research are discussed
Psychological distress in ethnic minority parents of preschool children with burns
Background: Literature indicates that children from ethnic minorities are at increased risk of sustaining burns. Moreover, parents may experience more psychological distress but why this is the case is poorly investigated. Methods: A prospective study including 120 mothers and 106 fathers of preschool children, of which 23 mothers and 24 fathers had an ethnic minority background, investigated levels of parental feelings of guilt, depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms and compared Dutch parents with parents from different ethnic backgrounds on these outcomes. A qualitative study with 46 parents, 24 Dutch and 22 from different ethnic minority backgrounds, explored how they coped with the consequences of the burns. Results: Results revealed more symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression in ethnic minority parents. Ethnic minority fathers also had more guilt feelings. Lower social support, medical communication hampered by language barriers, lower health literacy and passive communication styles, (aspects of) religious coping and barriers to psychosocial care may partly explain the differences. Conclusions: Parents with an ethnic minority background are at risk to experience increased distress after their child's burn injury. By exploring the aforementioned factors, health care professionals may increase the family's wellbeing. It may provide a starting point to offer tailored help
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