New species of the genus Trigonospila Pokorny (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) parasitises adult Compsus sp. schoenherr (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) in Colombia

Trigonospila unicaldasi nueva especie, es registrada por primera vez para la ciencia con el propósito de diferenciarla de otras especies que son de escasa ocurrencia en las Américas. Para lograr este objetivo se consideraron las estructuras clave del adulto utilizando la técnica de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (MEB) para su completa descripción. La especie se encontró parasitando adultos de Compsus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) asociados a cultivos de cítricos en la zona cafetera central de Colombia. El interesante fenómeno simbiótico de control mencionado en este documento se considera un caso poco usual en la biología de los Tachinidae debido a que solo del 5% al 10% de estos parasitan especies en estado adulto.Trigonospila unicaldasi new specie, is described for the first time for science. In order to differentiate it from other rarely occurring species in the Americas, key characteristics of the adult were identified through scanning electron microscopy. The species was found parasitising adult weevils of the genus Compsus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) associated with citrus crops in the central coffee-growing region of Colombia. The interesting symbiotic phenomenon of control described in this paper is considered unusual in the biology of Tachinidae given that only 5-10% of the family parasitise their hosts at the adults stage

Implementación de buenas prácticas de almacenamiento, distribución, eliminación y uso de dispositivos médicos en la farmacia de la Fundación FIBUSPAM en la ciudad de Riobamba.

El presente trabajo de titulación tiene la finalidad de implementar y estandarizar procedimientos operacionales respecto a los dispositivos médicos que se maneja en la Fundación Buen Samaritano Paúl Martel de la ciudad de Riobamba, para garantizar las condiciones óptimas de uso. Al carecer de una normativa exclusiva en el país para el manejo adecuado de insumos médicos, se realiza un estudio en base a la guía para la recepción y almacenamiento de medicamentos emitida por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP) en diciembre del 2009, referenciándonos en el modelo que presentan países vecinos respecto al manejo de la temática como INVIMA en Colombia, o el Instituto de Salud Pública en Chile, que adaptan un sistema de codificación informática estándar completamente accesible para el manejo de dispositivos médicos que es avalada a nivel mundial por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), como lo es el código ECRI. Se ha implementado un programa kárdex virtual utilitario y de fácil manejo en la farmacia de FIBUSPAM, que permite el control del stock en base al sistema FIFO, y que codifica de acuerdo al código ECRI todas las existencias de los dispositivos médicos. Los procedimientos operacionales estandarizados (POES), se los ha desarrollado en base a la estructura del modelo de gestión por procesos que impulsa el MSP en la guía para la recepción, almacenamiento y suministro de productos médicos, abarcando procesos estratégicos que contempla la planificación y evaluación del modelo, los procesos productivos que permiten operativizar el sistema de gestión, y los procesos habilitantes o de apoyo que son los requeridos para garantizar la sostenibilidad del modelo. Se complementa el trabajo de investigación con la elaboración de una guía/vademécum en beneficio del personal de salud que labora en FIBUSPAM, con los dispositivos médicos existentes en farmacia, así como dispositivos de uso recurrente en las especialidades médicas que oferta la fundación.The current degree work has like objective to implement and standardize operational procedures with respect to medical devices handled on Buen Samaritano Paul Martel Foundation from Riobamba city, to guarantee the optimum conditions of usage. Lacking an exclusive regulation in the country for an appropriate handling of medical supplies, it is carried out a study based on the reception and storage of guide of medicines, issued by the Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP) in December 2009, making reference in the model presented by neighbour countries respect to the thematic handling like INVIMA in Colombia, or the Instituto de Salud Pública from Chile, that adapted a standard informatics codification system completely accessible for the medical devices handling endorsed to worldwide level for the OMS (World Health Organization) like is the ECRI code, it has implemented an utilitarian virtual kárdex programme of easy handling in FIBUSPAM ( Fundación Buen Samaritano Paul Martel) pharmacy, that allows the stock control based on FIFO system that codifies according the ECRI code all of medical devices existences. The operational standardized procedures (POES), have been developed based on the model structure of Processes Management promoted by MSP (Ministerio de Salud Pública) in reception guide, storage, and supply of medical products, with strategical processes contemplating the planning and evaluation of the model, the productive processes that let operating the Management System and the enabling or supporting processes requested to guarantee the model sustainability. The research work is complemented with the elaboration of a vade-mecum guide benefit of health personnel of FIBUSPAM, with the medical devices existent in pharmacy, as well as devices of recurring usage in the medical specialities that offer the Foundation

Diseño e implementación de un sistema centralizado de monitoreo, supervisión y control automático de servidores y servicios en entornos virtuales de la empresa Message Plus basado en herramientas de código abierto

La empresa MessagePlus requiere una plataforma de manejo, control y notificación de incidentes en las terminales que usa para la gestión de sus servicios, estás se alojan en servidores propios bajo el sistema de hosting. La plataforma debe verificar el estado de los servicios que maneja la empresa, mediante el monitoreo de los procesos que los ejecutan, y automatizando algunas de las acciones recurrentes que no necesiten la verificación del personal de soporte. El uso de Zabbix y Monit, herramientas de código abierto, facilitan el control y monitores de terminales virtuales y estado de procesos respectivamente. Con la implementación de estas herramientas se cubre las necesidades de la empresa desde la gestión de los entornos virtuales, hasta el monitoreo de los servicios principales, junto con el manejo eficiente de notificaciones. Esta plataforma se levanta en la infraestructura propia de la empresa, en una terminal en funcionamiento ininterrumpido. Cuyas métricas se establecen en conjunto con el personal de TI de la organización, quienes tendrán el control total de la plataforma el finalizar el presente proyecto. También se resuelve una solución de monitoreo móvil eficiente y sencilla para el uso del personal. Ya finalizada la implementación de la plataforma, se tiene acceso completo a la web que engloba Zabbix y Monit, accesible desde cualquier lugar gracias al uso de una IP pública que es proporcionada por el hosting. La web incluye la visualización de paneles detallados del estado, incidentes, y estadísticas de las terminales, así como estado de los procesos monitoreados.The MessagePlus company requires an incident management, control and notification platform in the terminals that it uses to manage its services. They are hosted on their own servers under the hosting system. The platform must verify the status of the services that the company manages, by monitoring the processes that execute them, and automating some of the recurring actions that do not require verification by support personnel. The use of Zabbix and Monit, open source tools, facilitate the control and monitors of virtual terminals and process status respectively. With the implementation of these tools, the needs of the company are covered from the management of virtual environments to the monitoring of the main services, along with the efficient handling of notifications. This platform is built on the company's own infrastructure, in a terminal in uninterrupted operation. Whose metrics are established in conjunction with the organization's IT staff, who will have full control of the platform at the end of this project. An efficient and simple mobile monitoring solution for staff use is also resolved. Once the implementation of the platform is finished, you have full access to the web that includes Zabbix and Monit, accessible from anywhere thanks to the use of a public IP that is provided by the hosting. The website includes the display of detailed panels of the status, incidents, and statistics of the terminals, as well as the status of the monitored processes

Valoración productiva de un biodigestor compacto y su efecto en la fertilización de kykuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum).

Esta investigación se realizó con el propósito de cuantificar y valorar el potencial productivo de un bio digestor compacto, mediante la caracterización microbiológica y composición química del biofertilizante y su efecto sobre la fertilización de Kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum). La metodología incluyó la investigación de carácter cuantitativo que estuvo constituida por 12 unidades experimentales (parcelas), cuyas dimensiones fueron de 30 m2 (6x5 m) dando una superficie total de 360 m2, Se trabajó en función al peso, para lo cual se cortó una muestra representativa de cada parcela, mediante la utilización de un cuadrante de 1 m², el peso obtenido se relacionó con el 100% de la parcela, y posteriormente se estimó la producción en toneladas por hectárea por corte, de cada tratamiento, el estudio de la composición química y microbiológica del bio fertilizante producido en un bio digestor compacto, al igual que el efecto de la fertilización de este producto sobre la producción del Kikuyo, en cuatro tratamientos a los 0 días (testigo), 20 días (T1), 30 días (T2) y 40 días (T3), con 3 repeticiones cada uno. Los resultados mostraron que estadísticamente, la variable altura fue superior en el T3 con 32,40 cm, frente a los 16,60 cm del testigo. No así en cuanto a la producción de forraje, en donde los tratamientos no difirieron estadísticamente entre sí, sin embargo, el tratamiento T3 registró una producción de 66,91 t/ha mientras que el testigo alcanzó apenas 26,03 t/ha. Con respecto al contenido bromatológico del kikuyo, estadisticamente fueron iguales en la mayoría de variables. El contenido químico y microbiológico del biofertilizante, reune las características de un abono que aporta nutrientes beneficos tanto para el suelo y planta. El análisis beneficio/costo registró el mayor rédito económico, con el tratamiento T3. Se recomienda aplicar el biofertilizante en una parcela de kikuyo cada corte a los 40 días.This research was carried out with the pourse of quantifying and valuing the productive potential of a compact biodigester, through the microbiological characterization and chemical composition of the biofertilizer and its effect on Kikuyo fertilization (Pennisetum clandestinum). The methodology included quantitative research consisting of 12 experimental units (plots), whose dimensions were 30 m2 (6x5m) giving a total área of 360 m2. A weight function was worked , for which a representative sample of each plot was cut, using a quadrant of 1m2 , the weigth obtained was related to 100% of the plot, and the production in tons per hectare per cut was subsequently estimated, of each treatment, the study of the chemical and microbiological composition of the bio fertilizer produced in a compact bio digester. As well as the effect of fertilization of this producto on the production of Kikuyo, in four treatment at 0 days (control), 20 days (T1), 30 days (T2), and 40 days (T3), with 3 repetitions each. The results showed that statistically, the height variable was higher in T3 with 32.40 cm, compared to 16.60 cm for the control. Not so with regard to forage production, where treatments did not differ statistically from each other, however, treatment T3 recorded a production of 66.91 t/ha while the control reached only 26.03 t/ha. With respect to the bromatological content of the biofertilizer, meets the characteristics of a fertilizer that provides beneficial nutrients for both the soil and plant. The benefit/cost análisis recorded the greatest economic return, with the T3 treatment. It is recommended to apply the biofertilizer on a plot of kikuyo each cut after 40 days

FM2 path planner for UAV applications with curvature constraints: a comparative analysis with other planning approaches

This paper studies the Fast Marching Square (FM2) method as a competitive path planner for UAV applications. The approach fulfills trajectory curvature constraints together with a significantly reduced computation time, which makes it overperform with respect to other planning methods of the literature based on optimization. A comparative analysis is presented to demonstrate how the FM2 approach can easily adapt its performance thanks to the introduction of two parameters, saturation a and exponent b, that allow a flexible configuration of the paths in terms of curvature restrictions, among others. The main contributions of the method are twofold: first, a feasible path is directly obtained without the need of a later optimization process to accomplish curvature restrictions; second, the computation speed is significantly increased, up to 220 times faster than other optimization-based methods such as, for instance, Dubins, Euler–Mumford Elastica and Reeds–Shepp. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the superiority of the method when used for UAV applications in comparison with the three previously mentioned methods.This research was funded by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION: Innovation and Networks Executive Agency (INEA), grant number 861696-LABYRINTH

Coverage strategy for target location in marine environments using fixed-wing UAVs

In this paper, we propose a coverage method for the search of lost targets or debris on the ocean surface. The OSCAR data set is used to determine the marine currents and the differential evolution genetic filter is used to optimize the sweep direction of the lawnmower coverage and get the sweep angle for the maximum probability of containment. The position of the target is determined by a particle filter, where the particles are moved by the ocean currents and the final probabilistic distribution is obtained by fitting the particle positions to a Gaussian probability distribution. The differential evolution algorithm is then used to optimize the sweep direction that covers the highest probability of containment cells before the less probable ones. The algorithm is tested with a variety of parameters of the differential evolution algorithm and compared to other popular optimization algorithms.This research was funded by the European Commission: Innovation and Networks Executive Agency (INEA), through the European H2020 LABYRINTH project. Grant agreement H2020-MG-2019-TwoStages-861696

Path planning and collision risk management strategy for multi-UAV systems in 3D environments

This article belongs to the Special Issue Smooth Motion Planning for Autonomous VehiclesMulti-UAV systems are attracting, especially in the last decade, the attention of researchers and companies of very different fields due to the great interest in developing systems capable of operating in a coordinated manner in complex scenarios and to cover and speed up applications that can be dangerous or tedious for people: search and rescue tasks, inspection of facilities, delivery of goods, surveillance, etc. Inspired by these needs, this work aims to design, implement and analyze a trajectory planning and collision avoidance strategy for multi-UAV systems in 3D environments. For this purpose, a study of the existing techniques for both problems is carried out and an innovative strategy based on Fast Marching Square¿for the planning phase¿and a simple priority-based speed control¿as the method for conflict resolution¿is proposed, together with prevention measures designed to try to limit and reduce the greatest number of conflicting situations that may occur between vehicles while they carry out their missions in a simulated 3D urban environment. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated successfully on the basis of certain conveniently chosen statistical measures that are collected throughout the simulation runs.This research was funded by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION: Innovation and Networks Executive Agency (INEA), through the European H2020 LABYRINTH project. Grant agreement H2020-MG-2019-TwoStages-861696

Multi UAV coverage path planning in urban environments

This article belongs to the Special Issue Efficient Planning and Mapping for Multi-Robot Systems.Coverage path planning (CPP) is a field of study which objective is to find a path that covers every point of a certain area of interest. Recently, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has become more proficient in various applications such as surveillance, terrain coverage, mapping, natural disaster tracking, transport, and others. The aim of this paper is to design efficient coverage path planning collision-avoidance capable algorithms for single or multi UAV systems in cluttered urban environments. Two algorithms are developed and explored: one of them plans paths to cover a target zone delimited by a given perimeter with predefined coverage height and bandwidth, using a boustrophedon flight pattern, while the other proposed algorithm follows a set of predefined viewpoints, calculating a smooth path that ensures that the UAVs pass over the objectives. Both algorithms have been developed for a scalable number of UAVs, which fly in a triangular deformable leader-follower formation with the leader at its front. In the case of an even number of UAVs, there is no leader at the front of the formation and a virtual leader is used to plan the paths of the followers. The presented algorithms also have collision avoidance capabilities, powered by the Fast Marching Square algorithm. These algorithms are tested in various simulated urban and cluttered environments, and they prove capable of providing safe and smooth paths for the UAV formation in urban environments.This research was funded by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION: Innovation and Networks Executive Agency (INEA), through the European H2020 LABYRINTH project. Grant agreement H2020-MG-2019-TwoStages-861696

A GRASP-Tabu Heuristic Approach to Territory Design for Pickup and Delivery Operations for Large-Scale Instances

Weaddressalogisticsdistrictingproblemfacedbyaparcelcompanywhoseoperationsconsistofpickingupanddeliveringpackages overaserviceregion.Thedistrictingprocessaimstofindapartitionoftheserviceregionintodeliveryandcollectionzonesthat may be served by a single vehicle that departs from a central depot. Criteria to be optimized are to balance workload content among the districts and to create districts of compact shape. A solution approach based on a hybrid procedure that combines elements of GRASP and Tabu Search (TS) is proposed to solve large-scale instances. Numerical experimentation is performed consideringdifferentinstancesizesandtypes.Resultsshowthattheproposedsolutionapproachisabletosolvelarge-scaleinstances inreasonablecomputationaltimeswithgoodqualityofthesolutionsobtained.Todeterminethequalityofthesolutions,resultsare comparedwithCPLEXsolutionsandwiththecurrentrealsolutiontohighlightthebenefitsoftheproposedapproach.Conclusions andrecommendationsforfurtherresearchareprovided

Caracterización molecular del complejo picudo de plátano (coleóptera: curculionidae), géneros cosmopolites y metamasius, en tres localidades de colombia

El plátano es un cultivo importante en el mundo y es considerado alimento básico en países tropicales y fuente de ingresos para mercados locales e internacionales. En la zona central cafetera de Colombia se concentra el 60% de la producción. Entre los insectos-plaga más severos asociados con este cultivo se encuentran los picudos Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), Metamasius hemipterus (Linnaeus) y Metamasius hebetatus (Gyllenhal), y el C. sordidus es el de mayor importancia en estos cultivos. La identificación precisa de las diferentes especies que conforman el complejo es esencial para la adopción de monitoreos apropiados y desarrollo de estrategias eficientes de manejo. No obstante, no existen estudios de caracterización molecular de especies del complejo y sólo se cuenta con claves taxonómicas basadas en caracteres morfológicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue discriminar las principales especies del complejo picudo del plátano con el análisis molecular de un fragmento del gen citocromo oxidasa I y contrastar los resultados moleculares con la diferenciación morfológica