Interrelationship between facial pattern, malocclusion, TMDs, head and neck posture and type of breathing in young people

Objectives: To compare occlusal, facial, and craniocervical postural characteristics according to the breathing pattern, study the association between temporomandibular disorders’ (TMDs) class and severity, gauge the influence of the breathing pattern, head and neck posture, occlusal class, and facial pattern on TMDs severity and the lower cervicofacial ratio, and identify any prevalent differences in TMDs severity by gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 139 individuals, 81 females (58.3%) and 58 males (41.7%), with a mean age of 13.0±0.72 years old. Data were collected from observations, medical forms and photographic records. We classified TMDs severity according to Fonseca Anamnestic Index and used Software for Postural Assessment. Results: Compared to nasal breathers, oral breathers exhibited a predominance of Class II occlusion (p<0.01), a convex profile (p<0.05), increased cervicofacial ratio (p<0.01), and a tendency for head anteriorization (p<0.05). An association between TMDs and individuals with Class II occlusion was also found (p<0.01). Oral breathers showed a greater risk of increased lower cervicofacial ratio and mild TMDs (OR: 9.64 and 4.01, respectively). Signs and symptoms of TMDs appeared in 60% of young females, though the difference between genders was not significant (p=0.290). Conclusions: We detected associations between oral breathing and head anteriorization, TMDs, Class II malocclusion, convex facial profile, and increased lower cervicofacial ratio. TMDs were associated with occlusal Class II, and oral breathing increased the risk of developing mild TMDs and increased lower cervicofacial ratio

Label-free detection of hypoxia-induced extracellular vesicle secretion from MCF-7 cells

Nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes (50–150 nm membrane particles) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers due to the carried genetic information about the parental cells. However the sensitive detection of these vesicles remains a challenge. Here we present a label-free electrochemical sensor to measure the EVs secretion levels of hypoxic and normoxic MCF-7 cells. The sensor design includes two consecutive steps; i) Au electrode surface functionalization for anti-CD81 Antibody and ii) EVs capture. The label-free detection of EVs was done via Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The working linear range for the sensor was 102–109 EVs/ml with an LOD 77 EVs/mL and 379 EVs/ml for EIS and DPV based detection. A blood-abundant protein, RhD was used for the selectivity test. In order to assess the performance of the biosensor, the level of EVs secretion by the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line was compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). Designed label-free electrochemical sensors utilized for quantification of EVs secretion enhancement due to CoCl2-induced hypoxia and 1.23 fold increase with respect to normoxic conditions was found

Transformação transiente de embriões imaturos de milho L3 como método de seleção de RNA-guias para a técnica de CRISPR/Cas9.

Com objetivo de diminuir o número de gRNA(s) a serem utilizados na transformação genética, foi testada a viabilidade da utilização da transformação genética transiente a de embriões imaturos de milho para identificar os gRNA capazes de gerar mutação.Evento híbrido

Edição dos genes ZmBahd01 e ZmBahd05 em milho via CRISPR/Cas9

O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar funcionalmente os genes ZmBahd01 e ZmBahd05 e obter plantas de milho silenciadas para estes genes, além de estabelecer a tecnologia de edição via CRISPR na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo.Evento híbrido

Expressão dos genes Bahd1 e Bahd5, relacionados com a digestibilidade da biomassa, em milho.

Evento híbrido

Generation of c-MycERTAM-transduced human late-adherent olfactory mucosa cells for potential regenerative applications

Human olfactory mucosa cells (hOMCs) have been transplanted to the damaged spinal cord both pre-clinically and clinically. To date mainly autologous cells have been tested. However, inter-patient variability in cell recovery and quality, and the fact that the neuroprotective olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) subset is difficult to isolate, means an allogeneic hOMC therapy would be an attractive “off-the-shelf” alternative. The aim of this study was to generate a candidate cell line from late-adherent hOMCs, thought to contain the OEC subset. Primary late-adherent hOMCs were transduced with a c-MycERTAM gene that enables cell proliferation in the presence of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT). Two c-MycERTAM-derived polyclonal populations, PA5 and PA7, were generated and expanded. PA5 cells had a normal human karyotype (46, XY) and exhibited faster growth kinetics than PA7, and were therefore selected for further characterisation. PA5 hOMCs express glial markers (p75NTR, S100ß, GFAP and oligodendrocyte marker O4), neuronal markers (nestin and ß-III-tubulin) and fibroblast-associated markers (CD90/Thy1 and fibronectin). Co-culture of PA5 cells with a neuronal cell line (NG108-15) and with primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons resulted in significant neurite outgrowth after 5 days. Therefore, c-MycERTAM-derived PA5 hOMCs have potential as a regenerative therapy for neural cells

Interrelationship between facial pattern, malocclusion, TMDs, head and neck posture and type of breathing in young people

Objectives: To compare occlusal, facial, and craniocervical postural characteristics according to the breathing pattern, study the association between temporomandibular disorders’ (TMDs) class and severity, gauge the influence of the breathing pattern, head and neck posture, occlusal class, and facial pattern on TMDs severity and the lower cervicofacial ratio, and identify any prevalent differences in TMDs severity by gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 139 individuals, 81 females (58.3%) and 58 males (41.7%), with a mean age of 13.0±0.72 years old. Data were collected from observations, medical forms and photographic records. We classified TMDs severity according to Fonseca Anamnestic Index and used Software for Postural Assessment. Results: Compared to nasal breathers, oral breathers exhibited a predominance of Class II occlusion (p<0.01), a convex profile (p<0.05), increased cervicofacial ratio (p<0.01), and a tendency for head anteriorization (p<0.05). An association between TMDs and individuals with Class II occlusion was also found (p<0.01). Oral breathers showed a greater risk of increased lower cervicofacial ratio and mild TMDs (OR: 9.64 and 4.01, respectively). Signs and symptoms of TMDs appeared in 60% of young females, though the difference between genders was not significant (p=0.290). Conclusions: We detected associations between oral breathing and head anteriorization, TMDs, Class II malocclusion, convex facial profile, and increased lower cervicofacial ratio. TMDs were associated with occlusal Class II, and oral breathing increased the risk of developing mild TMDs and increased lower cervicofacial ratio

Xylose fermentation to ethanol by new Galactomyces geotrichum and Candida akabanensis strains

The conversion of pentoses into ethanol remains a challenge and could increase the supply of second-generation biofuels. This study sought to isolate naturally occurring yeasts from plant biomass and determine their capabilities for transforming xylose into ethanol. Three yeast strains with the ability to ferment xylose were isolated from pepper, tomato and sugarcane bagasse. The strains selected were characterized by morphological and auxanographic assays, and they were identified by homology analysis of 5.8 S and 26 S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The identities of two lineages of microrganism were associated with Galactomyces geotrichum, and the other was associated with Candida akabanensis. Fermentative processes were conducted with liquid media containing only xylose as the carbon source. YP/S values for the production of ethanol ranging between 0.29 and 0.35 g g−1 were observed under non-optimized conditions