Nurses’ strategies in prevention of nursing error recurrence in chronic critical care: A qualitative study

oai:ojs.cdjournal.muk.ac.ir:article/74BACKGROUND: Nursing errors are common in critical care units while most of them are preventable. Critical care nurses are uniquely positioned to prevent the recurrence of nursing errors. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies considered or used by nurses in order to prevent the recurrence of nursing errors in chronic critical care units. METHODS: A qualitative design using content analysis method was employed in the present study. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 17 participants, recruited through purposive sampling. This study was conducted in 2011-2012 in Iran. RESULTS: Results indicated that the strategies used by critical care nurses to prevent recurrence of nursing errors include personal strategies (paying more attention, updating information, reminding and hinting, experience sharing, prevention), and expectations from the organization (increasing intrinsic motivation and decreasing work pressure). CONCLUSION: Nursing administrators must be aware of the individual strategies used by the nurses to develop and promote their implementation and underlying these strategies. Identifying and understanding the strategies used by nurses can help them in their support provision. Explored strategies can be used to develop interventions for prevention of nursing errors. Further exploration of the question of how the nursing context will influence strategy selection and why is necessary. Regarding the strategies used by nurses, nurse managers must utilize them in planning in order to develop an error free care.

Experience of Workplace Violence Toward Nursing Students in Iran: A Qualitative Study

Background and Aims: This study explores the dimensions of violence experienced by student nurses in Iran, during their nurse education. The incidence of violence toward students has become a major concern and strategies are needed to reduce the incidence. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. Participants were 7 male and 9 female third-year undergraduates nursing student. Purposive sampling was used and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: From the qualitative data, five categories emerged including, instances of violence, causes of violence, feelings after the violence, reaction after violence and violence prevention strategies. Conclusion: Nursing students need to be taught preventive measures and to receive appropriate support from nurses, instructors, and educational managers, in order to reduce the incidence and provide safer learning environments. Forensic nurses should be active stakeholders in monitoring, supporting and referring nursing students who experience workplace violence. Keywords: Violence, Nursing, Students, Qualitative, Forensic

Clinical Instructors' Strategies for Preventing Nursing Student Incivility during their Preparatory Training: A Qualitative Exploration

Background: Incivility during the learning process has consequences for instructors and learners. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies clinical instructors use in the prevention of nursing students’ incivility during their preparatory nursing training.Method: This study was conducted using qualitative methods involving semi-structured interviews of clinical instructors who were selected by purposive sampling. 10 interviews were conducted and data saturation was achieved. The text of the interviews was transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis (Graneheim and Lundman 2004).Results: In order to prevent incivility, strategies included restating the rules and boundaries, culture shaping through group work, reenergizing the students, and coordinating instruction. Incivility requires a range of active management approaches and pre-planning to reduce incidence.Conclusion: Clinical instructors and educational managers should continually monitor incivility within their educational systems and seek innovative and effective approaches to address issues as they arise. Incidence of incivility is an increasing likelihood and planning is necessary to raise awareness for students and instructors of these behaviors, in order to establish a closer working relationship and become familiar with each others’ perspectives. This will help foster a culture conducive to learning rather than conflict

Parents’ experience of pediatric cancer: A qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Suffering from life-threatening diseases such as cancer, due to its impact on the patients and their next of kin causes myriads of changes in the structure and function of the family. The objective of this study was to clarify parents' experiences of childhood cancer.METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted through purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 parents whose children were diagnosed with cancer in the oncology department of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj City, Iran. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed through Benner’s thematic analysis.RESULTS: During data analysis, 4 main themes emerged including destroyer and terminator of life, horror and hope, disturbance of normal life, and gaining valuable experience.CONCLUSION: Parental roles, routine care of a child with cancer, and facing multiple treatments and childcare problems threatened parents' compliance with the condition of the disease or treatment, and thus, parents sought social support. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the parents’ probable reaction and different life dimensions. To make healthcare more effective, providing necessary psychological, mental, and emotional support and increasing parental hope is necessary. Parents of a child with cancer should be assisted in preventing some healthcare problems and coping with their child’s illness

Female Patients’ Experiences of Barriers to Communication with Male Nurses: A Qualitative Study

Background: Male nurses face various challenges in caring for female patients, such as the patients’ refusal of nursing care and sexual accusations. Communication, as a prominent element in providing high-quality health care services, can lead to or inhibit patient satisfaction and health. Professional nurse-patient communication is so important that some nursing theorists have based their theories on this type of communication and consider it an art in the nursing profession. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate female patients’ experiences of barriers to effective communication with opposite-gender nurses. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 female patients. These patients were hospitalized in different wards and received care from an opposite-gender nurse. Interviewing was the main method of data collection. Graneheim and Lundman’s method was used to perform content analysis. The general stages of data interpretation include initial encoding and the formation of subthemes and themes based on the similarities and differences. Results: The main theme extracted following data analysis was ignorance of the patient in communication. This theme comprised of three subthemes, including negligence in maintaining patient privacy, one-way communication, and biased behavior. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the experience of female patients receiving care from male nurses was accompanied by feelings of annoyance. Male nurses are suggested to respect patient privacy, obtain permission before doing private procedures, and provide care for female patients without prejudice and abuse

Nursing students’ errors and their causes: A qualitative exploration of clinical instructors’ perspectives

Introduction: Students may commit errors while learning and developing their clinical skills. This study was aimed to explore clinical instructors’ view about nursing students’ errors.Material and Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve clinical instructors and analyzed using inductive content analysis.Results: Two main categories emerged from the data as “Nature of nursing students’ errors” (Acting against the instruction set and Repeating the same mistake) and “Causes of nursing students’ errors” (Personal characters and Educational characters).Conclusion: There is a need for a precise definition of nursing students’ errors to promote patients' safety. It is necessary to concentrate attention on the causes of the student’s error and improve preventive measures from the perspective of education practitioners such as clinical instructors and especially students. The presence of clinical instructor with the standard ratio to nursing students and proper communication with the nurses could prevent the occurrence of mistakes. Improvement of the educational condition of clinical teaching and making a calm and motivational clinical learning environment is necessary

Nurses’ experiences of caring for COVID-19 patients: A systematic review of qualitative studies

Background & Aim: Nurses are considered one of the most important members of the healthcare system in facing pandemics, including COVID-19. This study was conducted to explain nurses' experiences in caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods & Materials: This study was a qualitative systematic review. A structured search was conducted using CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pub Med, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, MedNar, and ProQuest. All qualitative studies describing nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with Covid-19 were included. This review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews. Themes and narrative statements were extracted from included papers using the JBI SUMARI data extraction tool. Results: The findings of 46 qualitative studies were included in this systematic review. From the data analysis, four themes "Professional Development", "Psychological exhaustion", "Care Challenges" and "Work-family conflict" were extracted. Conclusion: Nurses have experienced conflicts between their work and family and challenges when caring for patients with COVID-19. Hence, they were psychologically under pressure but professionally developed. To ensure the survival of nurses in critical situations, all their needs must be carefully monitored and the necessary support provided to them

Nurses’ strategies in prevention of nursing error recurrence in chronic critical care: A qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Nursing errors are common in critical care units while most of them are preventable. Critical care nurses are uniquely positioned to prevent the recurrence of nursing errors. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies considered or used by nurses in order to prevent the recurrence of nursing errors in chronic critical care units. METHODS: A qualitative design using content analysis method was employed in the present study. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 17 participants, recruited through purposive sampling. This study was conducted in 2011-2012 in Iran. RESULTS: Results indicated that the strategies used by critical care nurses to prevent recurrence of nursing errors include personal strategies (paying more attention, updating information, reminding and hinting, experience sharing, prevention), and expectations from the organization (increasing intrinsic motivation and decreasing work pressure). CONCLUSION: Nursing administrators must be aware of the individual strategies used by the nurses to develop and promote their implementation and underlying these strategies. Identifying and understanding the strategies used by nurses can help them in their support provision. Explored strategies can be used to develop interventions for prevention of nursing errors. Further exploration of the question of how the nursing context will influence strategy selection and why is necessary. Regarding the strategies used by nurses, nurse managers must utilize them in planning in order to develop an error free care

Effect of Blended Education on Nursing Students’ Awareness and Attitude Towards Organ Donation: A Solomon Four-Group Study

Background: Organ donation requires management to promote awareness and create the proper culture in all societies. Awareness and attitude of students and nursing staff can affect the process of donating organs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of blended education on the awareness and attitude of nursing students towards organ donation. Methods: In this clinical trial study, which used a Solomon four-group design, 94 undergraduate nursing students from Azad University of Sanandaj in 2016 were selected by the census method and randomly assigned to four groups. The data collection tool included demographic data and the Organ Donation Awareness and Attitude Questionnaire blended education was provided to students through a one-day interactive workshop and social networks for 2 weeks. Before and after the intervention, students’ awareness and attitude were evaluated. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 16 using Fisher, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The comparison of the awareness level after the intervention in the four groups showed statistically significant differences (P = 0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the attitude level after the intervention between the four groups (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Blended education increases the awareness and attitude of nursing students. Thus, trainers and educators are suggested using blended education to train students regarding donation. Moreover, it is recommended to include the topic of donation in the nurse’s curriculum. Keywords Organ Donation Nurse Student Educatio

Parents’ experience of pediatric cancer: A qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Suffering from life-threatening diseases such as cancer, due to its impact on the patients and their next of kin causes myriads of changes in the structure and function of the family. The objective of this study was to clarify parents' experiences of childhood cancer. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted through purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 parents whose children were diagnosed with cancer in the oncology department of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj City, Iran. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed through Benner’s thematic analysis. RESULTS: During data analysis, 4 main themes emerged including destroyer and terminator of life, horror and hope, disturbance of normal life, and gaining valuable experience. CONCLUSION: Parental roles, routine care of a child with cancer, and facing multiple treatments and childcare problems threatened parents' compliance with the condition of the disease or treatment, and thus, parents sought social support. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the parents’ probable reaction and different life dimensions. To make healthcare more effective, providing necessary psychological, mental, and emotional support and increasing parental hope is necessary. Parents of a child with cancer should be assisted in preventing some healthcare problems and coping with their child’s illness