Pregnancy in HIV-Positive Patients: Effects on Vaginal Flora

A high proportion of HIV-infected pregnant women present pathogenic organisms in their lower genital tract. This has been associated with the development of postpartum morbility, HIV transmission to the partner and offspring, and other gynaecological conditions, such as cervical dysplasia or cancer. Vaginal flora alterations can range from 47% in Western countries to 89% in Africa in pregnant HIV-positive patients, much higher than about 20% of the general population. Pathogen organism retrieval is high. As peripartum complications due to vaginal infections seem higher in HIV-positive patients, accurate investigation and treatment of such infections are strongly mandatory

Importância das Células Tronco Mesenquimais no desenvolvimento do câncer de mama

La mayoría de las pacientes con cáncer de mama (PCM) avanzado desarrollan metástasis óseas, de tipo osteolíticas, como resultado de un desbalance entre los procesos de os-teogénesis, osteoclastogénesis y resorción ósea. Nosotros encontramos en la médula ósea (MO) de las PCM avanzado (carcinoma mamario ductal infiltrante, estadío clínico III y IV, sin metástasis en MO y hueso) una disminución de la eficiencia de clonado de las células madre mesenquimales (MSC), medida como el número de unidades formadoras de colonias fibroblásticas (CFU-F), así como una disminución en su capacidad de diferenciación osteogénica en comparación con las voluntarias sanas (VS). Además, observamos osteoclastogénesis espontánea en MO y sangre periférica de las PCM, mientras que no lo hicimos en las VS. Por último, consideramos importante la evaluación de la diferenciación osteogénica de las MSC de MO y del potencial osteoclasto-génico de los progenitores hematopoyéticos de MO y de los monocitos de sangre periférica, como posibles factores pronósticos de futuros desórdenes óseos que pueden favorecer la invasión de las células del CM en el hueso.Most advanced breast cancer patients (BCP) develop oste-olytic bone metastasis as a result of the imbalance between osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption processes.In bone marrow (BM) aspirates of untreated BCP (infiltrative ductal breast carcinoma, clinical stage III and IV, without bone and BM metastasis), a decrease in cloning efficiency of BM-mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), measured as number of colony forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-F), and a decrease in its osteogenic differentiation capacity compared to healthy volunteers (HV) were found . Moreover, spontaneous osteoclastogenesis (SpOC) in BM and peripheral blood of BCP were observed, while SpOC was not observed in BM of HV. Finally, evaluation of the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSC and osteoclastogenic potential of BM-hematopoi-etic progenitors as well as peripheral blood-monocytes are considered important as possible prognostic factors for future bone disorders that may favor the invasion of BC cells into bone.A maior parte das pacientes com câncer de mama (PCM) avançado desenvolve metástases ósseas, de tipo osteolíticas, como resultado de um desequilíbrio entre os processos de os-teogênese, osteoclastogênese e ressorção óssea. Nós encontramos na medula óssea (MO) das PCM avançado (carcinoma mamário ductal infiltrante, estágío clínico III e IV, sem metástase em MO e osso) uma diminuição da eficiên-cia de clonagem das células tronco mesenquimais (MSC), medida como o número de unidades formadoras de colônias fibroblásticas (CFU-F), bem como uma diminuição em sua capacidade de diferenciação osteogênica em comparação com as voluntárias saudáveis (VS). Além disso, observamos osteoclastogênese espontânea em MO e sangue periférica das PCM, enquanto que não o fizemos nas VS. Por último, consideramos importante a avaliação da diferenciação os-teogênica das MSC de MO e do potencial osteoclastogênico dos progenitores hematopoiéticos de MO e dos monócitos de sangue periférico, como possíveis fatores prognósticos de futuras desordens ósseas que possam favorecer a invasão das células do CM no osso.Fil: Fernández Vallone, Valeria Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Labovsky, Vivian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Leandro Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Chasseing, Norma Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentin

Biomarkers of proliferation, survival, and migration of human breast tumor cells: future perspectives

Despite recent major advance in the understanding of the mechanisms of breast cancer (BC) progression and in the development of novel therapeutic modalities, BC remains the second leading cause of mortality among women. Mortality is almost invariably due to metastasis. The different histological subtypes of BC and molecular maker expression (ER, PR and HER2) have strong prognostic and predictive values but are not enough to prevent that BC patients (BCP) develop a relapse and metastasis. So the aim of this work was the simultaneous evaluation of the expression of biomarkers related to BC progression and metastasis (OPG, TRAIL, TRAIL receptores (R) [R1, R2, R3 y R4], RANKL, RANK (RANKL-R), SDF-1, CXCR-4 (SDF-1-R), IL-6, IL-6-R, MCSF and M-CSF-R in BC cells together with the study of classic prognostic parameters (age, ER, PR, HER2, tumor size and histological grade) in BCP. Regarding the expression of these biomarkers in BC cells, the results are contradictory.Fil: Labovsky, Vivian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Leandro Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Calcagno, María. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Davies, Kevin. Hospital Italiano de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wenicke, Alejandra. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Rivello, Hernan. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Fernández Vallone, Valeria Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Chasseing, Norma Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaProceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and MetastasisPhiladelphiaEstados UnidosAmerican Association for Cancer Researc

Dataset for: Modeling chemotherapy induced neurotoxicity with human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived sensory neurons

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent and potentially irreversible adverse event of cytotoxic chemotherapy. We evaluate whether sensory neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-DSN) can serve as human disease model system for chemotherapy induced neurotoxicity. Sensory neurons differentiated from two established induced pluripotent stem cell lines were used (s.c. BIHi005-A https://hpscreg.eu/cell- line/BIHi005-A and BIHi004-B https://hpscreg.eu/cell-line/BIHi004-B, Berlin Institute of Health Stem Cell Core Facility). Cell viability and cytotoxicity assays were performed, comparing susceptibility to four neurotoxic and two non-neurotoxic drugs. RNA sequencing analyses in paclitaxel vs. vehicle (DMSO)treated sensory neurons were performed. Treatment of iPSC-DSN for 24 h with the neurotoxic drugs paclitaxel, bortezomib, vincristine and cisplatin led to a dose dependent decline of cell viability in clinically relevant IC50 ranges, which was not the case for the non-neurotoxic compounds doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil. RNA sequencing analyses at 24 h, i.e. before paclitaxel-induced cell death occurred, revealed the differential expression of genes of neuronal injury, cellular stress response, and sterol pathways in response to 1 mu M paclitaxel. Neuroprotective effects of lithium chloride co-incubation, which were previously shown in rodent dorsal root ganglia, could be replicated in human iPSC-DSN. Cell lines from the two different donors BIHi005-A and BIHi004-B showed different responses to the neurotoxic treatment in cell viability and cytotoxicity assays

Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients

Introduction: Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient ' s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results: We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion: The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients

Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients

Introduction: Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient´s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results: We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion: The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.Fil: Fernández Vallone, Valeria Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Borzone, Francisco Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Leandro Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Giorello, Maria Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Choi, Hosoon. No especifíca;Fil: Dimase, Federico. Ministerio de Defensa. Ejército Argentino. Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor "Dr. Cosme Argerich"; ArgentinaFil: Feldman, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Bordenave, Raúl Horacio. Hospital Iriarte; ArgentinaFil: Chudzinski Tavassi, Ana Marisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Batagelj, Emilio. Ministerio de Defensa. Ejército Argentino. Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor "Dr. Cosme Argerich"; ArgentinaFil: Chasseing, Norma Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentin

A Randomized Trial of Convalescent Plasma in Covid-19 Severe Pneumonia

BACKGROUND:Convalescent plasma is frequently administered to patients with Covid-19 and hasbeen reported, largely on the basis of observational data, to improve clinical outcomes.Minimal data are available from adequately powered randomized, controlled trials. METHODS:We randomly assigned hospitalized adult patients with severe Covid-19 pneumoniain a 2:1 ratio to receive convalescent plasma or placebo. The primary outcome wasthe patient?s clinical status 30 days after the intervention, as measured on a six-pointordinal scale ranging from total recovery to death. RESULTS:A total of 228 patients were assigned to receive convalescent plasma and 105 toreceive placebo. The median time from the onset of symptoms to enrollment inthe trial was 8 days (interquartile range, 5 to 10), and hypoxemia was the mostfrequent severity criterion for enrollment. The infused convalescent plasma had amedian titer of 1:3200 of total SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (interquartile range, 1:800 to1:3200]. No patients were lost to follow-up. At day 30 day, no significant differencewas noted between the convalescent plasma group and the placebo group in thedistribution of clinical outcomes according to the ordinal scale (odds ratio, 0.83(95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 1.35; P=0.46). Overall mortality was 10.96%in the convalescent plasma group and 11.43% in the placebo group, for a risk difference of −0.46 percentage points (95% CI, −7.8 to 6.8). Total SARS-CoV-2 antibodytiters tended to be higher in the convalescent plasma group at day 2 after the intervention. Adverse events and serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS:no significant differences were observed in clinical status or overall mortality between patients treated with convalescent plasma and those who received placebo.(PlasmAr ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04383535.)Fil: Simonovich, Ventura A.. Hospital Italiano. Departamento de Medicina. Servicio de Clinica Medica.; ArgentinaFil: Burgos Pratx, Leandro D.. Hospital Italiano. Departamento de Medicina. Servicio de Clinica Medica.; ArgentinaFil: Scibona, Paula. Hospital Italiano. Departamento de Medicina. Servicio de Clinica Medica.; ArgentinaFil: Beruto, Maria Valeria. No especifíca;Fil: Vallone, Miguel Gabriel. No especifíca;Fil: Vázquez, C.. No especifíca;Fil: Savoy, N.. No especifíca;Fil: Giunta, Diego Hernan. No especifíca;Fil: Pérez, L.G.. No especifíca;Fil: Sánchez, M.L.. No especifíca;Fil: Gamarnik, Andrea Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Ojeda, D.S.. No especifíca;Fil: Santoro, D.M.. No especifíca;Fil: Camino, P. J.. No especifíca;Fil: Antelo, S.. No especifíca;Fil: Rainero, K.. No especifíca;Fil: Vidiella, G. P.. No especifíca;Fil: Miyazaki, E. A.. No especifíca;Fil: Cornistein, W.. No especifíca;Fil: Trabadelo, O. A.. No especifíca;Fil: Ross, F. M.. No especifíca;Fil: Spotti, M.. No especifíca;Fil: Funtowicz, G.. No especifíca;Fil: Scordo, W. E.. No especifíca;Fil: Losso, M. H.. No especifíca;Fil: Ferniot, I.. No especifíca;Fil: Pardo, P. E.. No especifíca;Fil: Rodriguez, E.. No especifíca;Fil: Rucci, P.. No especifíca;Fil: Pasquali, J.. No especifíca;Fil: Fuentes, N. A.. No especifíca;Fil: Esperatti, M.. No especifíca;Fil: Speroni, G. A.. No especifíca;Fil: Nannini, Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Inmunología Clinica y Experimental de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Inmunología Clinica y Experimental de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Matteaccio, A.. No especifíca;Fil: Michelangelo, H.G.. No especifíca;Fil: Follmann, D.. No especifíca;Fil: Lane, H. Clifford. No especifíca;Fil: Belloso, Waldo Horacio. Hospital Italiano. Departamento de Medicina. Servicio de Clinica Medica.; Argentin

Clinical Features, Cardiovascular Risk Profile, and Therapeutic Trajectories of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Candidate for Oral Semaglutide Therapy in the Italian Specialist Care

Introduction: This study aimed to address therapeutic inertia in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by investigating the potential of early treatment with oral semaglutide. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022 among specialists treating individuals with T2D. A scientific committee designed a data collection form covering demographics, cardiovascular risk, glucose control metrics, ongoing therapies, and physician judgments on treatment appropriateness. Participants completed anonymous patient questionnaires reflecting routine clinical encounters. The preferred therapeutic regimen for each patient was also identified. Results: The analysis was conducted on 4449 patients initiating oral semaglutide. The population had a relatively short disease duration (42%  60% of patients, and more often than sitagliptin or empagliflozin. Conclusion: The study supports the potential of early implementation of oral semaglutide as a strategy to overcome therapeutic inertia and enhance T2D management

Building and rebuilding gastric epithelium: Trop2 as a common denominator

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Stem Cells in Adult Homeostasis, Regeneration and Tissue Development of the Digestive Tract Epithelium

The gastrointestinal epithelium is one of the tissues with highest self-renewing rates under steady-state conditions, and it thereby constitutes an excellent model to better understand how tissues maintain homeostasis. In the past decade, intense research in this field has allowed identifying stem cells responsible for this task and has contributed to uncover the main molecular mechanisms associated with self-renewal and differentiation properties of these cells.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe