Meat consumption and availability for its reduction by health and environmental concerns: a pilot study

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).(1) Background: Excessive meat consumption has raised multiple health and environmental concerns; however, there are no data on the population's willingness to reduce its intake for these reasons. The current study aims to assess the frequency of meat intake and readiness to limit consumption due to concern about the impact on health and the environment in residents of the Lisbon metropolitan region. (2) Methods: This analytical cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 197 residents in the metropolitan region of Lisbon. The participants were divided into two groups by age (GI: 20-29 years; GII: 40-64 years). Meat consumption and willingness to reduce it were assessed through a questionnaire. (3) Results: Most participants (67%) reported not having knowledge about the ecological footprint of meat. Being a less frequent meat consumer (<1 time per day) is associated with a willingness 3.6 times higher (p < 0.001) to reduce meat consumption due to sensitivity to the impact on health and 4.0 times higher (p < 0.001) due to environmental reasons. (4) Conclusions: Lower meat consumption frequency was associated with reductions in this consumption for environmental and health reasons.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Enhancing UML expressivity towards automatic code generation

UML has turned out to be a great tool to exchange ideas among designers from abstraction to detailed design. When it comes to machine interpretation. UML description lacks fonnalism, coverage and detail to produce a fully fleshed informaúon system. Extensibility and genericity aIready built-in in the language can be exploited to cater for its deficiencies. UML diagrams can be refined and reengineered to cover unattended areas and rnissing information necessary for automatic system generation. GUI design, control logic and persistency can be tracked from robustness analysis diagrams down to generation of extended state, sequence, class and object diagrams. These diagrams are enhanced with new stereotypes and tags to enable machine generation of interchangeable UI paradigms, use case controllers and deployment of server entities. This enhanced UML concept is being tested in the development of a real large system using a custornized set of scripts in a CASE tool

Os conventos franciscanos da Real Província da Conceição : análise histórica, tipológica, artística e iconográfica

Tese de doutoramento, História (Arte, Património e Restauro), 2009, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de LetrasNão disponibilizado pelo auto

Natural attenuation processes in AMD context by mineralogical control: iron oxyhydroxides, oxyhydroxysulfates, and efflorescent sulfates

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a common problem associated with the weathering of metal sulfide wastes in abandoned mining areas, which can be rich in toxic metals and metalloids. Oxidative dissolution of these minerals may negatively affect the soils and water reservoirs nearby. The formation of secondary mineral phases such as iron oxyhydroxides, oxyhydroxysulfates, and efflorescent sulfates may be a natural attenuation process in these areas because these minerals can scavenge potentially toxic elements. Typically formed by the evaporation (efflorescent salts) or precipitation (ochreous iron-rich oxyhydroxides) these minerals are highly soluble and reactive. Therefore, their characterization and inventory are particularly important for predicting the cycles of retention/contamination or accumulation zones of potential toxic elements (PTE) and acidity in mining contaminated systems. The abandoned mines of Valdarcas and São Domingos were selected for the present study due to their AMD signature and occurrence of some of these secondary minerals. Valdarcas (north of Portugal) is a W-mine associated with a skarn deposit with sulfides that has already been rehabilitated. However, the AMD problems remain in the watercourse that receives leachates from the waste dumps. São Domingos is a Cu-mine composed of massive sulfide deposits that belong to the Iberian Pyrite Belt (south of Portugal). This mining area, which is presently under remediation process, is highly contaminated and AMD is a longlasting problem. The samples collected in these mining areas were characterized by their morphology, size, mineralogy, and chemical composition using different techniques: binocular microscopy, SEM-EDS, TEM, BET, DRX, FTIR, and XPS. In Valdarcas mine area, typical ochreous phases such as schwertmannite and goethite were identified as the dominant secondary phases. These brownish-yellow ferric amorphous and poorly crystalline minerals with high surface area (125 mg2 /m) can remove PTE via adsorption processes, contributing to their retention in the mining environment. In contrast, at São Domingos, efflorescent sulfate salts are more abundant. Melanterite and copiapite were the prevailing salts identified. With different morphologies, these minerals are highly soluble and therefore play a relevant key in the retention/mobilization cycles of hazardous contaminants, such as arsenic (As). This integrative methodologic approach, based on the use of several techniques, allowed a complete characterization of these minerals. In addition to composition, the surface properties that are relevant for the adsorption ability, were also obtained. Therefore, the study revealed a diversity of behaviors for the identified phases, suggesting various roles in increasing the resilience of the contaminated systems

A distributed object-oriented design rule checker

VLSI algorithms are complex, dynamic, specialized demanding CPU and memory. To support such dynamic computing demands, it is necessary to employ a scalable system. which can be easily adapted and extended to run newer VLSI algorithms. This paper describes the design of a distributed object-oriented Design Rule Checker (DRC). focusing on its implementation methodology. It also proposes the use of XML to describe technology design rues. These rules were executed on a distributed 00 structure. The paper also shows that by using programmable scripts that carry out a modular encapsulated structure, a robust and adaptable system can be obtained

Developing a distributed architecture for design rule checking

This paper describes the design and implementation of a distributed object-oriented Design Rule Checker (DRC). The majn focus is on the methodology employed to implement this distributed application. Code reusability is achieved using an 00 approach, making objects available for other tools, such as circuit extractor. The paper also addresses the application of design pattems, which produce loosely coupled elements, facilitating the jntegration of system modules

Estudantes chineses em Portugal : valores, família e escolaridade

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências da Educação (Educação Intercultural), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2014A China tem sido palco de profundas transformações económicas e sociais. O sector da educação encontra-se no epicentro dessa transição. O presente estudo leva-nos a tentar compreender o significado da educação para o desenvolvimento da China, os valores em jogo e o tipo de investimento que as famílias realizam na educação dos filhos. Pretendemos ainda saber até que ponto o rápido desenvolvimento económico e a política demográfica (do filho único) implicaram uma nova abordagem aos desafios do sector do ensino na China – o maior do mundo. Paralelamente analisamos a sobrevivência dos valores tradicionais associados ao confucionismo, paradigma ético e moral que impregna todos os ciclos de ensino na China. A migração de estudantes tem vindo a crescer todos os anos. No âmbito do nosso trabalho, realizámos trabalho de campo (entrevistas semidiretivas) junto dos estudantes chineses a frequentarem, na Universidade de Lisboa (Faculdade de Letras), cursos superiores na área da língua e literatura portuguesas. As questões que se pretendem compreender neste estudo são: Como encaram os alunos chineses a sua escolarização? Em que medida essa perceção é influenciada pela família e pelo Estado? Quais os valores de referência da família e dos estudantes? Deste modo, pretendemos identificar os valores sociais e morais considerados relevantes pelos estudantes chineses e suas famílias; compreender o investimento familiar, social e político na educação; analisar o papel da família na escolarização dos filhos, na China e no estrangeiro, nomeadamente em Portugal. Os estudantes auscultados nas entrevistas atribuem grande importância ao investimento das famílias na sua educação. No entanto as novas gerações, os filhos da globalização, assimilaram referências culturais baseadas na competição individualista, o mesmo é dizer que têm uma educação “ocidentalizada”. A amostra revelou-se importante para compreendermos as dinâmicas da sociedade chinesa e as motivações dos estudantes.China has undergone profound economic and social changes. The education sector is at the epicentre of this transition. Our study attempts to understand the significance of education for the development of China, the values at stake and the type of investment that families place in education. We also tried to find out to what extent the rapid economic development and population policy (the only child policy) required a new approach to the challenges of the education sector in China – the world's largest. Simultaneously, we analyzed the survival of traditional values associated with Confucianism, moral and ethical paradigm that permeates all levels of education in China. Academic migration has been growing every year. As part of our work, we conducted fieldwork (semi directive interviews) with the Chinese students who were attending, in Lisbon University, courses in Portuguese language and literature at Literature Faculty. The questions we want to understand this study are: How do Chinese students see their education? To what extent their perception is influenced by the family and by the Government? What are the reference values of family and students? Thus, we intend to identify the social and moral values deemed relevant by Chinese students and their families; understand the social and political investment in education; analyse the role of the Chinese family in the education of their children, locally and abroad, namely in Portugal. Our sample was important to understand the dynamics of Chinese society and the motivations of students

A responsive client architecture with local object behavior deployment

Information Systems with a large user base require thin client technology due to deployment issues. Configuration and version management, added to maintenance cost are major players on this decision. However, heavy traffic loads and network latency impose severe penalties on users. A candidate solution to this problem must optimize users ergonomics whilst keeping maintenance costs low. In a straightforward approach, client architectures should provide web deployable local processing facilities. This paper describes an architecture based on the MVC paradigm capable of porting portions of the system to client executable scripts. Required entities are encapsulated in XML carriers and exchanged on demand between client and server side systems. Numerous user interactions are executed on the client side, relieving the network and improving responsivity. This solution not only enhances ergonomics but is also highly scalabled, delegating tasks to the greater number of client machines, whereas focusing server activity on more relevant operations

Inteligência emocional na gestão da disciplina em sala de aula

A ocorrência de comportamentos disruptivos em sala de aula integra um dos piores problemas vivenciados pelos professores atualmente.Este estudo investigou-se a relação entre a inteligência emocional (IE) e a gestão da disciplina na sala de aula. Participaram na investigação 559 professores do Ensino Básico e Secundário. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o Questionário de Competência Emocional, a Escala de Eficácia dos Professores na Gestão da Sala de Aula e uma ficha de dados pessoais e profissionais. Os resultados mostram que os docentes que apresentam mais capacidade para lidar com a emoção demonstram maior gestão da disciplina na sala de aula