Formulation and evaluation of raloxifene hydrochloride tabletswith improved dissolution profile

The objective of this research activity was to formulate and evaluate Raloxifene Hydrochloride (RLX HCl) tablets (BCS class II drug) with enhanced aqueous solubility thereby achieving a formulation with improved dissolution characteristics. Tablets were prepared by incorporating excipients such as disintegrant, solubilizer, wetting agent and evaluated for various pre compression and post compression parameters. Also assay and in-vitro dissolution studies were performed. Formula RLX HCl 27 containing disintegrant Ac-di-sol (15 mg-intragranular and 5 mg- extragranular) and solubilizerDimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO- 10 mg) was selected as the best optimised formula.Optimised formula was scaled up and stability studies were carried out according to the stability protocol. The results indicated that the formulation was stable and had improved dissolution profile as compared to marketed tablet

MICRONEEDLE TECHNOLOGY FOR TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY: APPLICATIONS AND COMBINATION WITH OTHER ENHANCING TECHNIQUES

Transdermal delivery system has been extensively employed over the years owing to its advantages over the conventional delivery systems. However, the stratum corneum hinders the penetration of substances through the skin. Microneedle technology is the latest advancement and has gained tremendous attention in transdermal delivery system, overcoming the obstacles of transdermal delivery system and providing advantages over the conventional delivery systems. Numerous studies have been carried out for exploring microneedles. This review article covers the types of microneedles, mechanism of action of microneedles, methodology of drug delivery via microneedles while mainly focusing on the applications of microneedles and their combination with other enhancing techniques in transdermal delivery of drug and other molecules. Keywords: Transdermal delivery, Microneedles, Stratum corneum, Iontophoresis, Electroporation, Sonophoresis, Vibratory actuation, Immunologicals, Biopharmaceuticals, Phlebotomy, Diagnosis

Mixed-Criticality System Design For Real-Time Scheduling And Routing Upon Platforms With Uncertainties

Unlike typical computing systems, applications in real-time systems require strict timing guarantees. In the pursuit of providing guarantees, the complex dynamic behaviors of these systems are simplified using models to keep the analysis tractable. In order to guarantee safety, such models often involve pessimistic assumptions. While the amount of pessimism was reasonable for simple computing platforms, for modern platforms the pessimism involves ignoring features that improve performance such as cache usage, instruction pipelines, and more. In this work, we explore routing and scheduling problems in real-time systems, where the uncertainties in the operation are carefully accounted for by complex models and/or the routing and scheduling algorithms proposed. For real-time scheduling problems, we incorporate the execution time distribution into the task model to design a system that can meet the maximum permitted incidences of failure per hour. We also consider the case where no failure is permitted and all jobs in the system must be scheduled without violating their timing requirements, throughout their operation. It is achieved on a varying speed multiprocessor platform. For real-time routing problems, we consider graphs whose edge cost distribution is dynamic and the routed packets have deadlines to be met. We then extend this problem to the case where the initial (discrete) distribution of the edge costs is fully known. We propose a technique to safely incorporate a reinforcement learning strategy once the system deviates from its initial distribution. Finally, we focus on practical improvements to the popular and optimal earliest deadline first scheduling algorithm, upon a uniprocessor setting. Specifically, we develop techniques to quantify and utilize the idle times to handle uncertainties in the form of additional run-time workloads, arbitrary self-suspensions, and execution time estimate overruns

Drug Interactions – A View on Doctors

International audienc

Synthesis, Characterization and Study of In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Some Substituted N'-[Arylidene]-2-(5-Phenyl-1HTetrazol- 1-yl) Acetohydrazide: Synthesis and study of antimicrobial activity of substituted acetohydrazide

Reaction of 5-phenyl tetrazole with ethyl chloroacetate to form ethyl (5-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl) acetate (1). Compound 1 react with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol yield 2-(5-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl) acetohydrazide (2). The condensation of (2) with various aldehydes yield the corresponding substituted N'-[-arylidene]-2-(5-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl) acetohydrazide (3a- j). The compounds obtained were identified by spectral data and have been screened for antimicrobial activity. The most promising compounds having good antibacterial activity were 3b, 3c and 3i, and the best for antifungal activity were 3b, 3c and 3e