Evaluation of Genistein Effect on Invasion of Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Like Cells

It is established that cancer stem cells (CSCs) have potential in tumor formation, progression, and metastasis in different types of solid tumors. Additionally, recent studies have demonstrated that Genistein consumption is correlated with lowered cancer rate and metastasis decrease. In this study, we premised that Genistein could be an influential agent targeting breast cancer stem cell-like cells. In this survey, CD44+/CD24-cells (cancer stem cell-like cells) were isolated from MDA-MB-231 cells by magnet-activated cell sorting (MACS). The effect of various concentrations of Genistein on the cell proliferation and viability in MDA-MB-231 CD44+/CD24-cells tested in comparison to their parental cells utilizing MTT assay, invasion assay. The results of this study show that Genistein could inhibit invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells. Also, we observed that Genistein could be efficient for invasion inhibition in CD44+/CD24-cells. Considering the finding that Genistein could have desired effects on MDA-MB-231 as well as CD44+/CD24-cells, we demonstrated that Genistein could be an influential agent for treating malignant and invasive breast tumors

Spatio-temporal mapping of breast and prostate cancers in South Iran from 2014 to 2017

Background The most common gender-specific malignancies are cancers of the breast and the prostate. In developing countries, cancer screening of all at risk is impractical because of healthcare resource limitations. Thus, determining high-risk areas might be an important first screening step. This study explores incidence patterns of potential high-risk clusters of breast and prostate cancers in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Kerman, South Iran. Patient data were aggregated at the county and district levels calculating the incidence rate per 100,000 people both for cancers of the breast and the prostate. We used the natural-break classification with five classes to produce descriptive maps. A spatial clustering analysis (Anselin Local Moran’s I) was used to identify potential clusters and outliers in the pattern of these cancers from 2014 to 2017. Results There were 1350 breast cancer patients (including, 42 male cases) and 478 prostate cancer patients in the province of Kerman, Iran during the study period. After 45 years of age, the number of men with diagnosed prostate cancer increased similarly to that of breast cancer for women after 25 years of age. The age-standardised incidence rate of breast cancer for women showed an increase from 29.93 to 32.27 cases per 100,000 people and that of prostate cancer from 13.93 to 15.47 cases per 100,000 during 2014–2017. Cluster analysis at the county level identified high-high clusters of breast cancer in the north-western part of the province for all years studied, but the analysis at the district level showed high-high clusters for only two of the years. With regard to prostate cancer, cluster analysis at the county and district levels identified high-high clusters in this area of the province for two of the study years. Conclusions North-western Kerman had a significantly higher incidence rate of both breast and prostate cancer than the average, which should help in designing tailored screening and surveillance systems. Furthermore, this study generates new hypotheses regarding the potential relationship between increased incidence of cancers in certain geographical areas and environmental risk factors.This study received funding from Kerman University of Medical Sciences (number = 97000230). The funder provided the cost of geocoding and cleaning the data

Combination effect of doxorubicin and HIF inhibitor on MCF-7 CD44+/CD24- subpopulation cells in hypoxic condition

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are two challenging causes ofradiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, leading to most cases of failure and recurrence in breastcancer therapy. This study was conducted to investigated the inhibitory effect of combinationtherapy with doxorubicin (an anthracycline) and FM19G11 (an HIF inhibitor) on MCF-7 cells andtheir CSC-like cells (CSC-LCs). MCF-7 CSC-LCs with a CD44+/CD24-phenotype were sorted andcharacterized by flow cytometry. A combination of doxorubicin and FM19G11 caused more cytotoxiceffects on MCF-7 and CSC-LCs compared to doxorubicin monotherapy. The largest synergistic effectwas observed in CSC-LCs under hypoxic conditions; however, MCF-7 cells showed no synergism innormoxic conditions. The administration of doxorubicin and FM19G11 induced late apoptotic andnecrotic cell death in MCF-7 and CSC-LCs. Additionally, G2 phase arrest was observed in bothcells. Our results demonstrated that co-administration of FM19G11 and doxorubicin had a synergisticeffect in hypoxia and improved drug resistance in breast cancer stem cells