catena-Poly[[copper(II)-bis[μ-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide]] bis(perchlorate)]

In the title compound, {[Cu(C10H14N4Se)2](ClO4)2}n, the CuII ion is located on a twofold rotation axis and has a tetra­gonally distorted square-planar geometry constituted by four N atoms. A pair of bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide (L) ligands bridges the copper centers into a polymeric chain extending along [001]. The perchlorate anions are involved in inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, which links the chains into layers parallel to the bc plane

(μ-3-Acetyl-5-carboxyl­ato-4-methyl­pyrazolido-1:2κ4 N 2,O 3:N 1,O 5)-μ-chlorido-tetra­pyridine-1κ2 N,2κ2 N-chlorido-1κCl-dicopper(II) propan-2-ol solvate

The title compound, [Cu2(C7H6N2O3)Cl2(C5H5N)4]·C3H8O, is a binuclear pyrazolate complex, in which the two CuII atoms have different coordination numbers and are connected by a bridging Cl atom. One CuII atom has a distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment formed by two pyridine N atoms, one bridging Cl atom and an N,O-chelating pyrazolate ligand. The other CuII atom adopts an octa­hedral geometry defined by two pyridine N atoms at the axial positions, two Cl atoms and the coordinated pyrazolate ligand in the equatorial plane. An O—H⋯O hydrogen bond connects the complex mol­ecules and propan-2-ol solvent mol­ecules into pairs. These pairs form columns along the a axis

catena-Poly[[[aqua­copper(II)]bis­[μ-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide]] bis­(tetra­fluorido­borate) bis­(triphenyl­phosphine oxide) monohydrate]

The title compound, {[Cu(C10H14N4Se)2(H2O)](BF4)2·2C18H15PO·H2O}n, has a polymeric structure where each CuII ion adopts a square-pyramidal coordination constituted by four N atoms of pyrazole moieties in the equatorial plane and an axial O atom of a water mol­ecule. A pair of bis­(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide ligands bridges the CuII centres into a chain extending along the c axis. The water mol­ecules, anions and triphenyl­phosphine oxide mol­ecules are involved in inter­molecular hydrogen bonding, which links the chains into a three-dimensional network

Hexakis(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)chromium(III) trichloride

In the title compound, [Cr(C2H6OS)6]Cl3, each CrIII ion is located on a three-fold inversion axis and is coordinated by six dimethyl­sulfoxide ligands [Cr—O = 1.970 (2)–1.972 (2) Å; O—Cr—O = 88.19 (9) and 91.81 (9)°] in a slightly distorted octa­hedral geometry. The Cl− anions take part in the formation of weak C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, which contribute to the crystal packing stabilization

Modern legal hermeneutics as a mechanism of interpretation of principles and values in law

The purpose of the article: the reflection of legal hermeneutics as one of the main mechanisms for the interpretation of the principles and values of law. The research methodology is based on a complex combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, analogy, etc.), philosophical (hermeneutical) and special legal (regulatory and analytical, comparative legal) methods. The scientific novelty of the work in the disclosure of consists in revealing the significance of legal hermeneutics as one of the main mechanisms for interpreting the principles and values of law, as well as the study of the possibilities of applying legal hermeneutics in reformed legal systems. Conclusions. The need to apply hermeneutical practices in law arose due to the discrepancy between the concepts of «legal act» and «law». Statutory instrument is considered only as a guide on the road to living law. At the same time, while awarding judgement, the judge must understand what the legislator has invested in the content of the law and how to interpret it in a particular case. Thus, it is obvious that the legal hermeneutics expressively demonstrates the essence of law as a pure legal, natural one. Legal hermeneutics acquires a new axiological level, which opens up a new way to the perception of a person, his rights and freedoms by the highest social values. The absence of a legislative monopoly on lawmaking makes it possible to take into account the significance of legal values and principles at all stages of the creation and application of law.Цель статьи − рефлексия юридической герменевтики как одного из основных механизмов толкования принципов и ценностей права. Методология исследования базируется на комплексном сочетании общенаучных (анализ, синтез, аналогия и др.), философских (герменевтический) и специально-юридических (нормативно-аналитический, сравнительно-правовой) методов. Научная новизна работы заключается в раскрытии значения юридической герменевтики как одного из основных механизмов толкования принципов и ценностей права, а также в исследовании возможностей применения правовой герменевтики в реформированных системах права. Выводы. Необходимость применения герменевтических наработок в праве возникла из-за несовпадения понятий «закон» и «право». Нормативно-правовой акт рассматривается только как путеводитель на пути к живому праву. При этом судья при вынесении решения должен понимать, что вложено законодателем в содержание закона и как это толковать в конкретном случае. Таким образом, очевидно, что правовая герменевтика отчетливо демонстрирует сущность права как надюридическую, естественную. Юридическая герменевтика приобретает новый аксиологический уровень, открывает новый путь к осознанию человека, его прав и свобод высшими социальными ценностями. Отсутствие монополии законодательной власти на правотворчество дает возможность учитывать значимость правовых ценностей и принципов на всех стадиях создания и применения права. Эта возможность требует высокого уровня правовой культуры субъектов толкования. Для реформируемых систем права это будет означать качественно новый уровень развития всей правовой системы

catena-Poly[[[aqua­copper(II)]-bis­[μ-bis­(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide-κ2 N 2:N 2′]] dichloride monohydrate]

In the title compound, {[Cu(C10H14N4Se)2(H2O)]Cl2·H2O}n, the CuII ion, lying on a twofold rotation axis, has a square-pyramidal geometry constituted by four N atoms of pyrazolyl groups in the basal plane and an apical O atom of a water mol­ecule. A pair of bis­(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) selenide ligands bridge the Cu centers into a polymeric double-chain extending along [001]. The chloride anions are involved in inter­molecular N—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, which link the chains into a three-dimensional network

Chloridotris(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN 2)(formato-κO)copper(II)–dichlorido­bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN 2)copper(II) (2/1)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Cu(CHO2)Cl(C5H8N2)3]2·[CuCl2(C5H8N2)2] or 2[A]·[B], contains one A mol­ecule and one half-molecule of B, located on a centre of inversion. The CuII environments in A and B are different. In A, the CuII atom is coordinated by three N atoms from three 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (L) ligands, one O atom from a formate ligand and a chloride anion in an axial position [Cu—Cl = 2.4275 (7) Å] in a distorted tetra­gonal–pyramidal geometry. The CuII atom in B is coordinated by two N atoms from two L ligands and two chloride anions [Cu—Cl = 2.2524 (6) Å] in a distorted square-planar geometry. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules A into centrosymmetric dimers. Inter­molecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds further link these dimers with the B mol­ecules, forming chains propagating in [101]

Bis(acetato-κ2 O,O′)bis­(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN 2)copper(II)

In the title compound, [Cu(C2H3O2)2(C5H8N2)2], the CuII atom has a distorted tetra­gonal–bipyramidal geometry, with the equatorial plane formed by two N atoms belonging to two 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole ligands and two O atoms from two acetate anions. The second O atoms of the acetate groups provide elongated Cu—O axial contacts, so that the acetates appear to be coordinated in a pseudo-chelate fashion. The pyrazole ligands are situated in cis positions with respect to each other. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked through inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a one-dimensional chain

Aqua­bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN)(oxalato-κ2 O,O′)copper(II)

In the title compound, [Cu(C2O4)(C5H8N2)2(H2O)], the CuII atom is coordinated in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry by two N atoms belonging to the two 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole ligands, two O atoms of the oxalate anion providing an O,O′-chelating coordination mode, and an O atom of the water mol­ecule occupying the apical position. The crystal packing shows a well defined layer structure. Intra-layer connections are realised through a system of hydrogen bonds while the nature of the inter-layer inter­actions is completely hydro­phobic, including no hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of poly[[tetraaqua(μ-1,3,4,7,8,10,12,13,16,17,19,22-dodecaazatetracyclo[8.8.4.13,17.18,12]tetracosane-5,6,14,15,20,21-hexaonato)iron(IV)dilithium] tetrahydrate]

The title compound, [FeLi2(C12H12N12O6)(H2O)4]·4H2O, consists of iron complex anions, lithium cations and water molecules. The complex anion shows a clathrochelate topology. The coordination geometry of the FeIV centre is intermediate between a trigonal prism and a trigonal antiprism. In the crystal, the complex anions are connected through two Li cations into dimers, which are connected by Li—O bonds, forming infinite chains along the b-axis direction