Specialized depth extraction for live soccer

sheets presentatio

Historische meertaligheid: nieuwe kansen voor de historische taalkunde

Language Use in Past and Presen

Testing frenchification: a sociolinguistic analysis of French loan morphology in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Dutch

Language Use in Past and Presen

Language standardization 'from above'

Language Use in Past and Presen

Dutch prescriptivism in a historical-sociolinguistic perspective: measuring the effect of institutionalized prescriptivism

Language Use in Past and Presen

Unraveling multilingualism in times past. The interplay of language contact, language use and language planning

Descriptive and Comparative Linguistic

Local expression of tumor necrosis factor-receptor 1:immunoglobulin G can induce salivary gland dysfunction in a murine model of Sjögren's syndrome

Tumor necrosis factor is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent immune regulatory functions. Although tumor necrosis factor inhibitors have demonstrated great utility in treating other autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, there are conflicting results in Sjögren's syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a locally expressed tumor necrosis factor inhibitor on the salivary gland function and histopathology in an animal model of Sjögren's syndrome. Using in vivo adeno associated viral gene transfer, we have stably expressed soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor 1-Fc fusion protein locally in the salivary glands in the Non Obese Diabetic model of Sjögren's syndrome. Pilocarpine stimulated saliva flow was measured to address the salivary gland function and salivary glands were analyzed for focus score and cytokine profiles. Additionally, cytokines and autoantibody levels were measured in plasma. Local expression of tumor necrosis factor-receptor 1:immunoglobulin G fusion protein resulted in decreased saliva flow over time. While no change in lymphocytic infiltrates or autoantibody levels was detected, statistically significant increased levels of tumor growth factor-beta1 and decreased levels of interleukin-5, interleukin-12p70 and interleukin -17 were detected in the salivary glands. In contrast, plasma levels showed significantly decreased levels of tumor growth factor-beta1 and increased levels of interleukin-4, interferon-gamma, interleukin-10 and interleukin-12p70. Our findings suggest that expression of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in the salivary gland can have a negative effect on salivary gland function and that other cytokines should be explored as points for therapeutic intervention in Sjögren's syndrom

Norms and usage in 19th-century Southern Dutch

FGW – Publications without University Leiden contrac

Tussen adoptiekoe en zemelteef: iets over de houdbaarheidsdatum van ‘verse woorden’ in Vlaamse en Nederlandse kranten

FGW – Publications without University Leiden contrac