Arqueologia e história indígena no Pantanal

O artigo apresenta uma síntese dos dados arqueológicos sobre o Pantanal e o seu entorno, principalmente em Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. Elaborado com base na noção de arqueologia como história indígena de longa duração, o artigo considera as trajetórias de estabelecimento e consolidação territorial da ocupação indígena regional, os processos de formação da configuração etnográfica encontrada pelos europeus e os impactos do colonialismo. O principal objetivo consiste em mostrar que a diversidade cultural característica do cenário etnográfico pantaneiro está associada à dinâmica histórica e cultural da ocupação indígena desde períodos anteriores à chegada dos conquistadores e colonizadores de origem europeia.The article presents an overview of the archaeological data on the Pantanal and its surrounding areas, mainly in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Prepared based on the notion of archeology as long term indigenous history, the article considers the trajectories of territorial establishment and consolidation of the regional indigenous occupation, the formation processes of ethnographic setting found by Europeans and the impact of colonialism. The main objective is to show that cultural diversity characteristic of the Pantanal ethnographic scenario is associated with historical and cultural dynamics of indigenous occupation from periods prior to the arrival of the conquistadors and settlers of European origin

Ambiguity and Debates on the Early Peopling of South America

An evaluation of recent claims for early human settlement of South America is presented. Some of theproblems with these cases are reviewed, particularly the ways in which ambiguity weakens otherwisecompelling evidence of early human presence in the continent. The roles of generalized adaptations andcobble industries, the most common explanations of claims of early occupations, are examined, and somenew sites that present incomplete evidence but are deserving of further research are mentioned. Theincorporation of studies of formation processes in the future may prove helpful in evaluating most of thesecases as well as others that emerge in the future.Fil: Borrero, Luis Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin