Electron transfer driven decomposition of adenine and selected analogs as probed by experimental and theoretical methods

We report on a combined experimental and theoretical study of electron transfer induced decomposition of adenine and a selection of analogue molecules in collisions with potassium atoms (K). Time-of-flight negative ion mass spectra have been obtained in a wide collision energy range (6–68 eV in the centre-of-mass frame), providing a comprehensive investigation of the fragmentation patterns of purine, adenine, 9-methyl adenine, 6-dimethyl adenine and 2-D adenine. Following our recent communication about selective hydrogen loss from the transient negative ions (TNI) produced in these collisions [T. Dunha et al. J. Chem. Phys. 148, 021101 (2018)], this work focuses on the production of smaller fragment anions. In the low-energy part of the present range, several dissociation channels that are accessible in free electron attachment experiments are absent from the present mass spectra, notably NH2 loss from adenine and 9-methyl adenine. This can be understood in terms of a relatively long transit time of the K+ cation in the vicinity of the TNI tending to enhance the likelihood of intramolecular electron transfer. In this case, the excess energy can be redistributed through the available degrees of freedom inhibiting fragmentation pathways. Ab initio theoretical calculations were performed for 9-methyl adenine (9-mAd) and adenine (Ad) in the presence of a potassium atom and provided a strong basis for the assignment the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals accessed in the collision process

Utilização de lodo de esgoto na cultura de soja.

Avaliou-se o efeito da utilização de lodo de esgoto, como fonte de fósforo, na fixação do N2 e na produção da soja. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em duas etapas: uma sob condição de casa de vegetação e outra a campo. Em casa-devegetação, oito tratamentos foram impostos: sem fertilização ou aplicação de lodo, adubação química completa, inoculação com rizóbio mais fertilização fosfatada, inoculação com rizóbio sem adição de adubos fosfatados, inoculação mais dose 1 de lodo, inoculação mais dose 2 de lodo, sem inoculação mais dose 1 de lodo, sem inoculação mais dose 2 de lodo. As doses 1 e 2 corresponderam, respectivamente, a 11.2 e 22,4 t ha-1 (base úmida). O experimento a campo foi constituído dos seguintes tratamentos: ausência de adubação química ou lodo, adubação química completa, inoculação mais dose 0 de lodo, inoculação mais dose 1 de lodo, inoculação mais dose 2 de lodo, inoculação mais dose 3 de lodo, inoculação mais adubação química, exceto a nitrogenada. As doses 1, 2 e 3 de lodo, corresponderam a 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 t ha-1 (base seca), respectivamente. Os experimentos demonstraram que a necessidade de P na cultura da soja pode ser suprida por meio da aplicação de pequenas doses de lodo de esgoto, sem prejuízo para o processo simbiótico ou mesmo para a produção.bitstream/CNPMA/5803/1/boletim_21.pd

Aspectos biológicos de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) alimentados de Brachiaria ruziziensis.

Resumo

Beam loading in the nonlinear regime of plasma-based acceleration

A theory that describes how to load negative charge into a nonlinear, three-dimensional plasma wakefield is presented. In this regime, a laser or an electron beam blows out the plasma electrons and creates a nearly spherical ion channel, which is modified by the presence of the beam load. Analytical solutions for the fields and the shape of the ion channel are derived. It is shown that very high beam-loading efficiency can be achieved, while the energy spread of the bunch is conserved. The theoretical results are verified with the Particle-In-Cell code OSIRIS.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letter

Rate coefficients for rovibrational transitions in H_2 due to collisions with He

We present quantum mechanical and quasiclassical trajectory calculations of cross sections for rovibrational transitions in ortho- and para-H_2 induced by collisions with He atoms. Cross sections were obtained for kinetic energies between 10^-4 and 3 eV, and the corresponding rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 100<T<4000 K. Comparisons are made with previous calculations.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, AAS, eps

Point-contact spectroscopy on URu2_2Si2_2

Tunnel and point contact experiments have been made in a URu$_2$Si$_2$ single crystal along the c-axis. The experiments were performed changing temperature and contact size in a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. A resonance develops at the Fermi level at $T\sim 60$ K. This resonance splits and becomes asymmetric when the 17.5 K phase transition is crossed. These results are consistent with the existence of Kondo like bound states of the U$^{4+}$ ionic configurations and the conduction electrons. Below the transition, these configurations are split by the development of quadrupolar ordering. The peak separation can be interpreted as a direct measurement of the order parameter. Measurements on a policrystalline UAu_2Si_2$ sample are also reported, with a comparative study of the behavior of both materials.Comment: 4 pages (Latex) + 2 postscript figure

The Effect of Passive Exoskeleton on Shoulder Muscles Activity during Different Static Tasks

In this study we used the bipolar surface electromyography to investigate whether a passive exoskeleton reduces the degree of activity of shoulder muscles. Twelve young healthy volunteers participated in the study. Subjects were asked to hold four different static postures: (P1) shoulder abducted at 90°, elbow flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P2) shoulder flexed at 90°, elbow flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P3) shoulder flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P4) shoulder abducted at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°. Subjects maintained each posture for 20 seconds five consecutive times, with a rest time in-between of 20 seconds. Surface EMG signals were collected from anterior, medial and posterior deltoids and upper trapezius muscles. Our main statistical results showed a significant (p < 0.05) attenuation effect of exoskeleton on the RMS amplitude computed for all muscles evaluated, though not for all postures. For the anterior, medial deltoids and upper trapezius a lower level of activity was observed in all postures with than without exoskeleton, while for posterior deltoid only for P2-P3 and P1-P4 respectively. These findings suggest the passive exoskeleton evaluated in this study attenuates the shoulder muscles’ effort during static work-related tasks, with implications on the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders

Condições agrometeorológicas de cafeeiros na região de Soledade de Minas, anos 1999-2011.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os dados climáticos de temperatura do ar e precipitação da região cafeeira de Soledade de Minas, Minas Gerais e relacioná-las as fases fenológicas dos cafeeiros e qualidade da bebida. A área de estudo compreende o município de Soledade de Minas, situado na região da Serra da Mantiqueira, sul do estado de Minas Gerais e pertencente à bacia hidrográfica do Rio Verd