Detection of plum pox potyvirus and analysis of its molecular variability using immunocapture-PCR

International audienc

The Influence of Air Void Content on Moisture Damage Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures: A Computational Study

Because of the difficulties associated with the generation of finite element meshes based on X-ray computed tomography scans and with the extraordinary computational demands in performing three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analyses, past modeling efforts have focused primarily on two-dimensional representations of asphalt mixtures and have placed no emphasis on the inclusion of the air voids network in the body of an asphalt concrete specimen. A 3-D micromechanical moisture damage model has been developed and implemented in the finite element system CAPA-3D capable of addressing individually the three main phases of asphalt concrete: aggregate, mastic, and air voids. The 3-D finite element meshes of different types of asphalt mixtures were generated on the basis of X-ray scans. By means of CAPA-3D, the significance of the air voids structure in the development of moisture damage in asphalt concrete specimens was demonstrated. Availability of the model enables evaluation and ranking of the contribution of the characteristics of the individual mixture components to the overall mixture moisture resistance.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience

Comparison of three methods for assessing plum pox virus variability: further evidence for the existence of two major groups of isolates

International audienc

Molecular and biological characterization of Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) isolates reveals a distinct and widespread type of resistance-breaking isolate: LMV-Most

Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) causes an economically important seedborne and aphid-transmitted disease of lettuce and ornamental crops worldwide. The genetic diversity among 73 LMV isolates was examined based on a 216-nucleotide sequence at the variable region encoding the NIb-coat protein junction, Three clusters of LMV isolates were distinguished: LMV-Yar, LMV-Greck, and LMV-RoW. In the latter cluster, two subgroups of isolates, LMV-Common and LMV-Most, accounted for a large proportion of the LMV isolates analyzed. These two subgroups included the seedborne isolates, consistent with this property contributing a selective advantage and resulting in widespread distribution. In addition to being seedborne, LMV-Most isolates overcome the two resistance genes commonly used in lettuce, mol(1) and mol(2), and thus represent a potential threat to lettuce cultivation. The complete sequence of an LMV-Most isolate (LMV-AF199) was determined, allowing a better definition of the genetic relationships among LMV-Most, LMV-Common, and an additional isolate of the LMV-RoW cluster